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1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
3Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
4Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Copyright © 2022 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conception or design: J.H.K., S.G.K. Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: J.H.K., S.C., Y.A.L., J.L., S.G.K. Drafting the work or revising: J.H.K., S.C., Y.A.L., J.L., S.G.K. Final approval of the manuscript: J.H.K., S.C., Y.A.L., J.L., S.G.K.
Death | CAH | HR (95% CI) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Whole population (n=2,840) | 107 (3.8) | 1.6 (1.3–2.0) | <0.001 |
Year of birth 2003–2017 (n=1,451) | 10 (0.7) | 3.3 (1.6–6.7) | <0.001 |
Age, yr | Male | Female | Total no. (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Number | 1,434 | 1,406 | 2,840 (100.0) |
0–5 | 195 | 166 | 361 (12.7) |
6–9 | 322 | 240 | 562 (19.8) |
10–19 | 490 | 428 | 918 (32.3) |
20–29 | 152 | 200 | 352 (12.4) |
30–39 | 67 | 124 | 191 (6.7) |
40–49 | 38 | 77 | 115 (4.0) |
50–59 | 51 | 46 | 97 (3.4) |
≥60 | 119 | 125 | 244 (8.6) |
Age, yr | 2003–2017 | 2003–2006 | 2007–2017 |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 1,379 (86.1) | 472 (72.0) | 907 (96.0) |
1–5 | 91 (5.7) | 70 (10.7) | 21 (2.2) |
6–15 | 27 (1.7) | 24 (3.7) | 3 (0.3) |
16–19 | 4 (0.2) | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.1) |
20–39 | 48 (3.0) | 38 (5.8) | 10 (1.1) |
≥40 | 52 (3.2) | 49 (7.5) | 3 (0.3) |
Total | 1,601 (100.0) | 656 (100.0) | 945 (100.0) |
Variable | CAH (n=2,840) | Control (n=28,400) | OR (95% CI) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardiovascular disease | 209 (7.4) | 1,314 (4.6) | 1.6 (1.4–1.9) | <0.001 |
Stroke | 133 (4.7) | 818 (2.9) | 1.7 (1.3–2.0) | <0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 569 (20.0) | 2,311 (8.1) | 2.8 (2.6–3.1) | <0.001 |
Dyslipidemia | 941 (33.1) | 4,924 (17.3) | 2.4 (2.2–2.6) | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 630 (22.2) | 2,566 (9.0) | 2.9 (2.6–3.2) | <0.001 |
Thromboembolism | 32 (1.1) | 223 (0.8) | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 0.055 |
Fracture | 757 (26.7) | 7,348 (25.9) | 1.0 (1.0–1.1) | 0.361 |
Infection | 2,455 (86.4) | 24,837 (87.5) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.122 |
Psychiatric disorder | 445 (15.7) | 3,143 (11.1) | 1.5 (1.3–1.6) | <0.001 |
Comorbidity | 0–19 years old | 20–39 years old | ≥40 years old | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
| |||||||
All | Females | Males | All | Females | Males | All | Females | Males | |
Number | 1,796 | 811 | 985 | 569 | 332 | 237 | 475 | 263 | 212 |
| |||||||||
Cardiovascular disease | 1.8 (0.8–4.0) | 0.9 (0.2–3.8) | 3 (1.1–8.1) | 1.6 (0.9–2.8) | 1.4 (0.7–3.1) | 1.9 (0.8–4.3) | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) | 2.3 (1.8–3.0) | 1.9 (1.4–2.5) |
| |||||||||
Stroke | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 4.1 (1.6–10.6) | 0.9 (0.2–3.7) | 2.1 (0.8–5.4) | 2.2 (0.7–6.6) | 1.6 (0.2–13.1) | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) | 2.3 (1.7–3.2) | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) |
| |||||||||
Diabetes mellitus | 7.3 (5.8–9.2) | 8.4 (6.1–11.6) | 6.4 (4.6–8.9) | 8.5 (6.7–10.7) | 7.9 (5.9–10.7) | 9.4 (6.5–13.7) | 2.6 (2.1–3.1) | 2.4 (1.9–3.2) | 2.7 (2.0–3.7) |
| |||||||||
Dyslipidemia | 3.6 (3.1–4.2) | 3.9 (3.2–4.8) | 3.4 (2.7–4.2) | 4.4 (3.7–5.3) | 3.9 (3.1–5.0) | 5.2 (4.0–6.9) | 3.1 (2.4–4.0) | 3 (2.1–4.2) | 3.2 (2.2–4.8) |
| |||||||||
Hypertension | 18.5 (13.8–24.8) | 27.6 (17.9–42.5) | 12.6 (8.4–18.9) | 18 (14.2–22.7) | 17.8 (13.0–24.3) | 18.5 (13.0–26.2) | 1.9 (1.6–2.3) | 2.1 (1.6–2.7) | 1.7 (1.3–2.3) |
| |||||||||
Thromboembolism | 1.34 (0.4–4.4) | NA | 2.7 (0.8–9.9) | 0.6 (0.1–2.4) | 1 (0.2–4.5) | NA | 1.7 (1.2–2.7) | 2.3 (1.3–3.9) | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) |
| |||||||||
Fracture | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 1 (0.9–1.1) | 1.2 (0.9 –1.4) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) |
| |||||||||
Infection | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 1 (0.8–1.3) |
| |||||||||
Psychiatric disorder | 1.6 (1.2–2.0) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 1.7 (1.2–2.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 2.2 (1.6–3.0) | 2.3 (1.9–2.7) | 2 (1.6–2.6) | 2.7 (2.0–3.5) |
Death | CAH | HR (95% CI) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Whole population (n=2,840) | 107 (3.8) | 1.6 (1.3–2.0) | <0.001 |
Year of birth 2003–2017 (n=1,451) | 10 (0.7) | 3.3 (1.6–6.7) | <0.001 |
Values are expressed as number (%).
Values are expressed as number (%). CAH, congenital adrenal hyperplasia; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Values are expressed as odds ratio (95% confidence interval). NA, not available.
Values are expressed as number (%). CAH, congenital adrenal hyperplasia; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.