Endocrinology and Metabolism

Review Articles

Thyroid
Novel and Advanced Ultrasound Techniques for Thyroid Thermal Ablation: Wai-Kin Chan, Jui-Hung Sun, Miaw-Jene Liou, Chia-Jung Hsu, Yu-Ling Lu, Wei-Yu Chou, Yan-Rong Li, Feng-Hsuan Liu; Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(1):40-46. Published online February 13, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.1917

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Thyroid radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation are widely adopted minimally invasive treatments for diverse thyroid conditions worldwide. Fundamental skills such as the trans-isthmic approach and the moving shot technique are crucial for performing thyroid ablation, and advanced techniques, including hydrodissection and vascular ablation, improve safety and efficacy and reduce complications. Given the learning curve associated with ultrasound-guided therapeutic procedures, operators need training and experience. While training models exist, limited attention has been given to ultrasound maneuvers in ablation needle manipulation. This article introduces two essential maneuvers, the zigzag moving technique and the alienate maneuver, while also reviewing the latest ultrasound techniques in thyroid ablation, contributing valuable insights into this evolving field.

Thyroid
Percutaneous Adrenal Radiofrequency Ablation: A Short Review for Endocrinologists: Byung Kwan Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):750-755. Published online December 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.880

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Image-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been accepted as a minimally invasive treatment for adrenal tumors in patients who are unable to undergo adrenalectomy. Accordingly, this treatment has become more readily available for treating functioning or non-functioning adrenal masses. Thus, endocrinologists need a better understanding of percutaneous RFA of adrenal tumors. The purpose of this review is to briefly describe the basic mechanism of RFA, indications and contraindications, patient preparation prior to RFA, type of complications, how to avoid complications, RFA procedures, and treatment outcomes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clinical Features and Etiology of Recurrent Hypertension after Adrenalectomy
Xilan Dong, Qianhui Ling, Jin Bian, Yuehua Li, Mengjia Chen, Sufang Hao, Wenjun Ma, Huimin Zhang, Jun Cai, Ying Lou
Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Short-term outcome of adrenal radiofrequency ablation of adrenal cysts: a single-center experience
Shin Jeong Pak, Yu-mi Lee, Pyo Nyun Kim, Byung-Chang Kim, Jae Won Cho, Won Woong Kim, Tae-Yon Sung, Ki-wook Chung, Suck Joon Hong
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Case report of trans-renal ablation procedures for a recurrent pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease
Byung Kwan Park
Precision and Future Medicine.2023; 7(2): 90. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of inoperable patients with pulmonary malignant nodules
Peng Qie, Xuejiao Xun, Xiaodong Nie, Qifan Yin, Hongshang Cui, Lijun Liu, Huien Wang
ANZ Journal of Surgery.2023; 93(12): 2969. CrossRef
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 597. CrossRef
Minimally invasive techniques in benign and malignant adrenal tumors
Ahmet Bulent Dogrul, Omer Cennet, Anıl Hilmi Dincer
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2022; 10(35): 12812. CrossRef
Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation Guidelines for Adrenal Tumor Ablation
Byung Kwan Park, Masashi Fujimori, Shu-Huei Shen, Uei Pua
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 553. CrossRef
The role and place of mini-invasive methods of local tumor destruction in adrenal gland surgery
I.A. Kurganov, D.Yu. Bogdanov, S.I. Emelyanov, M.Sh. Mamistvalov
Endoskopicheskaya khirurgiya.2021; 27(6): 43. CrossRef

Original Articles

Clinical Study
Effectiveness of Injecting Cold 5% Dextrose into Patients with Nerve Damage Symptoms during Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation: Min Kyoung Lee, Jung Hwan Baek, Sae Rom Chung, Young Jun Choi, Yu-Mi Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Jeong Hyun Lee; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(2):407-415. Published online June 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.2.407

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background
Although radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a safe treatment for thyroid tumors, nerve damage is a frequent complication. A previous retrospective study suggested that an injection of cold 5% dextrose in water (5% DW) can reduce nerve damage during RFA. This study validated the efficacy of injecting cold 5% DW for management of nerve damage during RFA.
Methods
Between November 2017 and December 2018, 242 patients underwent 291 RFA sessions for treatment of benign thyroid nodules or recurrent thyroid cancers. Using a standardized technique, cold (0°C to 4°C) 5% DW was immediately injected around the damaged nerve into patients with any symptoms suggesting nerve damage. The incidence of nerve damage, the volume of 5% DW injected, symptom recovery time and the incidence of permanent nerve damage were evaluated.
Results
Nineteen patients experienced nerve damage symptoms related to 21 RFA sessions, including 17 patients during 19 sessions and two patients on the day after two sessions. Patients with nerve damage symptoms detected during RFA were treated by injection of a mean 41 mL (range, 3 to 260) cold 5% DW, but the two patients who experienced symptoms the next day did not receive cold 5% DW injections. Immediate recovery was observed after 15 RFA sessions in 14 patients. No patient experienced permanent nerve damage.
Conclusion
Injection of cold 5% DW is effective in managing nerve damage during RFA of thyroid lesions.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Role of Radiofrequency Ablation in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules
Meghal Shah, Catherine McManus
Surgical Clinics of North America.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical and Economic Evaluation of Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation vs. Parathyroidectomy for Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Cohort Study
Hui-hui Chai, Zhan-jing Dai, Bai Xu, Qiao-hong Hu, Hong-feng He, Ying Xin, Wen-wen Yue, Cheng-zhong Peng
Academic Radiology.2023; 30(11): 2647. CrossRef
Efficacy of single-session radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in rendering euthyroidism for persistent/relapsed Graves’ disease, a pilot study
Man Him Matrix Fung, Brian Hung Hin Lang
European Radiology.2023; 33(9): 6534. CrossRef
Radiofrequency Ablation of Cervical Thyroid Cancer Metastases—Experience of Endocrinology Practices in the United States
Shahzad Ahmad, Jules Aljammal, Ian Orozco, Sheharyar Raashid, Fizza Zulfiqar, Sean P Nikravan, Iram Hussain
Journal of the Endocrine Society.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Radiofrequency ablation of benign thyroid nodules: the value of anterolateral hydrodissection
So Yeong Jeong, Jung Hwan Baek, Sae Rom Chung, Young Jun Choi, Ki-Wook Chung, Tae Yong Kim, Jeong Hyun Lee
Ultrasonography.2023; 42(3): 432. CrossRef
Effective and Safe Application of Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules
Jin Yong Sung
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2023; 84(5): 985. CrossRef
Assessment of thyroid-specific quality of life in patients with benign symptomatic thyroid nodules treated with radiofrequency or ethanol ablation: a prospective multicenter study
So Yeong Jeong, Eun Ju Ha, Jung Hwan Baek, Tae Yong Kim, Yu-Mi Lee, Jeong Hyun Lee, Jeonghun Lee
Ultrasonography.2022; 41(1): 204. CrossRef
Management of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury During Radiofrequency Ablation of Thyroid Nodules
Jules Aljammal, Iram Hussain, Shahzad Ahmad
AACE Clinical Case Reports.2022; 8(2): 102. CrossRef
Thermal Ablation for the Management of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma in the Era of Active Surveillance and Hemithyroidectomy
Sae Rom Chung, Jung Hwan Baek, Young Jun Choi, Jeong Hyun Lee
Current Oncology Reports.2022; 24(8): 1045. CrossRef
Improving Voice Outcomes after Thyroid Surgery and Ultrasound-Guided Ablation Procedures
Pia Pace-Asciak, Jon O. Russell, Ralph P. Tufano
Frontiers in Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Using Intra‐Operative Laryngeal Ultrasonography as a Real‐Time Tool in Assessing Vocal Cord Function During Radiofrequency Ablation of the Thyroid Gland
Matrix Man Him Fung, Brian Hung Hin Lang
World Journal of Surgery.2022; 46(9): 2206. CrossRef
Long-term outcome of microwave ablation for benign thyroid nodules: Over 48-month follow-up study
Jia-Rui Du, Wen-Hui Li, Cheng-Hai Quan, Hui Wang, Deng-Ke Teng
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Continuous neuromonitoring during radiofrequency ablation of benign thyroid nodules provides objective evidence of laryngeal nerve safety
Catherine F. Sinclair, Maria J. Téllez, Roberto Peláez-Cruz, Alba Díaz-Baamonde, Sedat Ulkatan
The American Journal of Surgery.2021; 222(2): 354. CrossRef
Future Considerations and Directions for Thermal Ablative Technologies
Jonathon Russell, Catherine F. Sinclair
Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports.2021; 9(2): 210. CrossRef

Clinical Study
Revisiting Rupture of Benign Thyroid Nodules after Radiofrequency Ablation: Various Types and Imaging Features: Sae Rom Chung, Jung Hwan Baek, Jin Yong Sung, Ji Hwa Ryu, So Lyung Jung; Endocrinol Metab. 2019;34(4):415-421. Published online December 23, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2019.34.4.415

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Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

To evaluate the imaging features, clinical manifestations, and prognosis of patients with thyroid nodule rupture after radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

Methods

The records of 12 patients who experienced thyroid nodule rupture after RFA at four Korean thyroid centers between March 2010 and July 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data evaluated included baseline patient characteristics, treatment methods, initial presenting symptoms, imaging features, treatment, and prognosis.

Results

The most common symptoms of post-RFA nodule rupture were sudden neck bulging and pain. Based on imaging features, the localization of nodule rupture was classified into three types: anterior, posterolateral, and medial types. The anterior type is the most often, followed by posterolateral and medial type. Eight patients recovered completely after conservative treatment. Four patients who did not improve with conservative management required invasive procedures, including incision and drainage or aspiration.

Conclusion

Thyroid nodule rupture after RFA can be classified into three types based on its localization: anterior, posterolateral, and medial types. Because majority of thyroid nodule ruptures after RFA can be managed conservatively, familiarity with these imaging features is essential in avoiding unnecessary imaging workup or invasive procedures.

Citations

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Assessing the efficacy of thyroid nodule radiofrequency ablation using patient-reported outcome measures
Ege Akgun, Gustavo Romero-Velez, Eren Berber
Surgery.2024; 175(3): 654. CrossRef
The Comparison of Efficacy and Safety between Radiofrequency Ablation Alone and Ethanol Ablation Followed by Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Mixed Cystic and Solid Thyroid Nodule
Min Gang Jo, Min Kyoung Lee, Jae Ho Shin, Min Guk Seo, So Lyung Jung
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cutaneous fistula formation after thyroid nodule rupture: A rare complication after radiofrequency ablation
Amanda J. Bastien, Luv Amin, Jeffrey Moses, Wendy Sacks, Allen S. Ho
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Thyroid nodule rupture after radiofrequency ablation: case report and literature review
Tatiana Ferraro, Sameeha Sajid, Steven P. Hodak, Chelsey K. Baldwin
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Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: Radiology In Training
Ningcheng Li, Timothy C. Huber
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A Case of Thyroid Abscess Following Ethanol Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodule
Heungrae Cho, Dongbin Ahn, Ji Hye Kwak, Gil Joon Lee
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Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules
Julia E Noel, Catherine F Sinclair
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023; 109(1): e12. CrossRef
2022 Taiwan clinical multicenter expert consensus and recommendations for thyroid radiofrequency ablation
Wei-Che Lin, Wen-Chieh Chen, Pei-Wen Wang, Yi-Chia Chan, Yen-Hsiang Chang, Harn-Shen Chen, Szu-Tah Chen, Wei-Chih Chen, Kai-Lun Cheng, Shun-Yu Chi, Pi-Ling Chiang, Chen-Kai Chou, Feng-Fu Chou, Shun-Chen Huang, Feng-Hsuan Liu, Sheng-Dean Luo, Fen-Yu Tseng,
Ultrasonography.2023; 42(3): 357. CrossRef
Effective and Safe Application of Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules
Jin Yong Sung
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2023; 84(5): 985. CrossRef
General Principles for the Safe Performance, Training, and Adoption of Ablation Techniques for Benign Thyroid Nodules: An American Thyroid Association Statement
Catherine F. Sinclair, Jung Hwan Baek, Kathleen E. Hands, Steven P. Hodak, Timothy C. Huber, Iram Hussain, Brian Hung-Hin Lang, Julia E. Noel, Maria Papaleontiou, Kepal N. Patel, Gilles Russ, Jonathon Russell, Stefano Spiezia, Jennifer H. Kuo
Thyroid®.2023; 33(10): 1150. CrossRef
Radiofrequency ablation and thyroid cancer: review of the current literature
Haris Muhammad, Aniqa Tehreem, Jonathon O. Russell
American Journal of Otolaryngology.2022; 43(1): 103204. CrossRef
Microwave Ablation Vs Traditional Thyroidectomy for Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective, Non-Randomized Cohort Study
Shaokun Li, Mingfeng Yang, Haipeng Guo, Muyuan Liu, Shaowei Xu, Hanwei Peng
Academic Radiology.2022; 29(6): 871. CrossRef
Radiofrequency ablation and related ultrasound‐guided ablation technologies for treatment of benign and malignant thyroid disease: An international multidisciplinary consensus statement of the American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section with
Lisa A. Orloff, Julia E. Noel, Brendan C. Stack, Marika D. Russell, Peter Angelos, Jung Hwan Baek, Kevin T. Brumund, Feng‐Yu Chiang, Mary Beth Cunnane, Louise Davies, Andrea Frasoldati, Anne Y. Feng, Laszlo Hegedüs, Ayaka J. Iwata, Emad Kandil, Jennifer K
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Thyroid Nodule Radiofrequency Ablation: Complications and Clinical Follow Up
James Y. Lim, Jennifer H. Kuo
Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology.2022; 25(2): 100824. CrossRef
Minimally-invasive treatments for benign thyroid nodules: recommendations for information to patients and referring physicians by the Italian Minimally-Invasive Treatments of the Thyroid group
Giovanni Mauri, Stella Bernardi, Andrea Palermo, Roberto Cesareo, Enrico Papini, Luigi Solbiati, Daniele Barbaro, Salvatore Monti, Maurilio Deandrea, Laura Fugazzola, Giovanni Gambelunghe, Roberto Negro, Stefano Spiezia, Fulvio Stacul, Luca Maria Sconfien
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American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review: The Clinical Utility of Minimally Invasive Interventional Procedures in the Management of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions
Sina Jasim, Kepal N. Patel, Gregory Randolph, Stephanie Adams, Roberto Cesareo, Edward Condon, Tara Henrichsen, Malak Itani, Maria Papaleontiou, Leonardo Rangel, John Schmitz, Marius N. Stan
Endocrine Practice.2022; 28(4): 433. CrossRef
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Patrick J. Navin, Scott M. Thompson, Anil N. Kurup, Robert A. Lee, Matthew R. Callstrom, M. Regina Castro, Marius N. Stan, Brian T. Welch, John J. Schmitz
RadioGraphics.2022; 42(6): 1812. CrossRef
SFE-AFCE-SFMN 2022 consensus on the management of thyroid nodules: Thermal ablation
Adrien Ben Hamou, Edouard Ghanassia, Arnaud Muller, Miriam Ladsous, Nunzia Cinzia Paladino, Laurent Brunaud, Laurence Leenhardt, Gilles Russ
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Rahul K. Sharma, Jennifer H Kuo
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Ultrasonographic characteristics of thyroid nodule rupture after microwave ablation
Peng Tian, Wenyan Du, Xiaoxi Liu, Yiwen Ding, Zekai Zhang, Jing Li, Yanzhen Wang
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Jian-ping Dou, Jie Yu, Zhi-gang Cheng, Fang-yi Liu, Xiao-ling Yu, Qi-di Hou, Fang Liu, Zhi-yu Han, Ping Liang
International Journal of Hyperthermia.2021; 38(1): 815. CrossRef
The Importance of Nodule Size in the Management of Ruptured Thyroid Nodule After Radiofrequency Ablation: A Retrospective Study and Literature Review
Wen-Chieh Chen, Sheng-Dean Luo, Wei-Chih Chen, Chen-Kai Chou, Yen-Hsiang Chang, Kai-Lun Cheng, Wei-Che Lin
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Long-Term Follow-Up of Single-Fiber Multiple Low-Intensity Energy Laser Ablation Technique of Benign Thyroid Nodules
Mattia Squarcia, Mireia Mora, Gloria Aranda, Enrique Carrero, Daniel Martínez, Ramona Jerez, Ricard Valero, Joan Berenguer, Irene Halperin, Felicia A. Hanzu
Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Effectiveness of Injecting Cold 5% Dextrose into Patients with Nerve Damage Symptoms during Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation
Min Kyoung Lee, Jung Hwan Baek, Sae Rom Chung, Young Jun Choi, Yu-Mi Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Jeong Hyun Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(2): 407. CrossRef

Clinical Study
Does Radiofrequency Ablation Induce Neoplastic Changes in Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Preliminary Study: Su Min Ha, Jun Young Shin, Jung Hwan Baek, Dong Eun Song, Sae Rom Chung, Young Jun Choi, Jeong Hyun Lee; Endocrinol Metab. 2019;34(2):169-178. Published online May 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2019.34.2.169

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background

To evaluate the clinical feasibility of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of benign thyroid nodules along with cytomorphological alteration, and any malignant transformation through biopsy.

Methods

The data were retrospectively collected between April 2008 and June 2013 and core needle biopsy (CNB) was performed on 16 benign thyroid nodules previously treated using RFA. The parameters of the patients were compared, between the time of enrollment and the last follow-up examination, using linear mixed model statistical analysis.

Results

No atypical cells or neoplastic transformation were detected in the undertreated peripheral portion of treated benign nodules on the CNB specimen. RFA altered neither the thyroid capsule nor the thyroid tissue adjacent to the treated area. On histopathological examinations, we observed 81.2% acellular hyalinization, which was the most common finding. After a mean follow-up period of over 5 years, the mean volume of thyroid nodule had decreased to 6.4±4.2 mL, with a reduction rate of 81.3%±5.8% (P<0.0001).

Conclusion

RFA is a technically feasible treatment method for benign thyroid nodules, with no carcinogenic effect or tissue damage of the normal thyroid tissue adjacent to the RFA-treated zone.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparison of the Therapeutic Efficacy and Technical Outcomes between Conventional Fixed Electrodes and Adjustable Electrodes in the Radiofrequency Ablation of Benign Thyroid Nodules
Jae Ho Shin, Minkook Seo, Min Kyoung Lee, So Lyung Jung
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Thermoablation of thyroid nodules reveals excellent results with low morbidity
Robert M. Eisele, Philipp R. Scherber, Monika Schlüter, Thorsten Drews, Matthias Glanemann, Gereon Gäbelein
Technology and Health Care.2022; 30(3): 683. CrossRef
Radiofrequency ablation and related ultrasound‐guided ablation technologies for treatment of benign and malignant thyroid disease: An international multidisciplinary consensus statement of the American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section with
Lisa A. Orloff, Julia E. Noel, Brendan C. Stack, Marika D. Russell, Peter Angelos, Jung Hwan Baek, Kevin T. Brumund, Feng‐Yu Chiang, Mary Beth Cunnane, Louise Davies, Andrea Frasoldati, Anne Y. Feng, Laszlo Hegedüs, Ayaka J. Iwata, Emad Kandil, Jennifer K
Head & Neck.2022; 44(3): 633. CrossRef
Thyroid Nodule Radiofrequency Ablation: Complications and Clinical Follow Up
James Y. Lim, Jennifer H. Kuo
Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology.2022; 25(2): 100824. CrossRef
American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review: The Clinical Utility of Minimally Invasive Interventional Procedures in the Management of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions
Sina Jasim, Kepal N. Patel, Gregory Randolph, Stephanie Adams, Roberto Cesareo, Edward Condon, Tara Henrichsen, Malak Itani, Maria Papaleontiou, Leonardo Rangel, John Schmitz, Marius N. Stan
Endocrine Practice.2022; 28(4): 433. CrossRef
Efficacy of radiofrequency and laser thermal ablation in solving thyroid nodule-related symptoms and cosmetic concerns. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Roberto Cesareo, Silvia Egiddi, Anda M. Naciu, Gaia Tabacco, Andrea Leoncini, Nicola Napoli, Andrea Palermo, Pierpaolo Trimboli
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.2022; 23(5): 1051. CrossRef
Comparison of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation versus thyroid lobectomy for T1bN0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma
Lin Yan, Xinyang Li, Yingying Li, Jing Xiao, Mingbo Zhang, Yukun Luo
European Radiology.2022; 33(1): 730. CrossRef
A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing tumor progression and complications between radiofrequency ablation and thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma
Yuan-dong Sun, Hao Zhang, Hai-tao Zhu, Chun-xue Wu, Miao-ling Chen, Jian-jun Han
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
RFA and benign thyroid nodules: Review of the current literature
Haris Muhammad, Prasanna Santhanam, Jonathon O. Russell, Jennifer H. Kuo
Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology.2021; 6(1): 155. CrossRef
Radiofrequency ablation and thyroid nodules: updated systematic review
Haris Muhammad, Prasanna Santhanam, Jonathon O. Russell
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Complications of RFA for Thyroid Nodules: Prevention and Management
Rahul K. Sharma, Jennifer H Kuo
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Long-Term Results of Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation of Benign Thyroid Nodules: State of the Art and Future Perspectives—A Systematic Review
Hervé Monpeyssen, Ahmad Alamri, Adrien Ben Hamou
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Long-Term Outcomes of Thermal Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: The Issue of Regrowth
Jung Suk Sim, Jung Hwan Baek, Rosaria Meccariello
International Journal of Endocrinology.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Thyroid Lobectomy for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study of 884 Patients
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Clinical Effects of Microwave Ablation in the Treatment of Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinomas and Related Histopathological Changes
Chenya Lu, Xingjia Li, Xiaoqiu Chu, Ruiping Li, Jie Li, Jianhua Wang, Yalin Wang, Yang Xu, Guofang Chen, Shuhang Xu, Chao Liu
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Ultrasound-Guided Thermal Ablation of Thyroid Nodules: Technicalities Progress and Clinical Applications, Especially in Malignant Thyroid Nodules
Enock Adjei Agyekum, Jian-hua Fu, Fei-Ju Xu, Yong-Zhen Ren, Debora Akortia, Qing Chen, Xiao-Qin Qian, Yuguo Wang, Xian Wang
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Comparison Between Radiofrequency Ablation and Microwave Ablation in the Treatment for Benign Thyroid Nodules: a Meta-analysis
Jing Wu, Junguo Liu, Li Liu
Indian Journal of Surgery.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
2020 European Thyroid Association Clinical Practice Guideline for the Use of Image-Guided Ablation in Benign Thyroid Nodules
Enrico Papini, Hervé Monpeyssen, Andrea Frasoldati, Laszlo Hegedüs
European Thyroid Journal.2020; 9(4): 172. CrossRef
Response: Long-Term Outcomes Following Thermal Ablation of Benign Thyroid Nodules as an Alternative to Surgery: The Importance of Controlling Regrowth (Endocrinol Metab 2019;34:117–23, Jung Suk Sim et al.)
Jung Suk Sim, Jung Hwan Baek
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2019; 34(3): 325. CrossRef

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