Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Low Density Lipoprotein Subfraction, Adiponectin and Apolipoprotein B in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Haejung Jun; Junghae Ko; Hyesook Jung; Changshin Yoon; Taekyoon Kim; Minjeong Kwon; Soonhee Lee; Jihye Suk; Mikyung Kim; Dukkyu Kim; Jeong Hyun Park

doi:10.3803/EnM.2011.26.3.218

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Clinical Trial Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Low Density Lipoprotein Subfraction, Adiponectin and Apolipoprotein B in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.: Haejung Jun, Junghae Ko, Hyesook Jung, Changshin Yoon, Taekyoon Kim, Minjeong Kwon, Soonhee Lee, Jihye Suk, Mikyung Kim, Dukkyu Kim, Jeong Hyun Park; Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011;26(3):218-224
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.3.218
Published online: September 1, 2011

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¹Molecular Therapy Lab, Paik Memorial Institute for Clinical Research, Busan, Korea. pjhdoc@chol.com
²Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
³Department of Internal Medicine, Maryknoll Medical Center, Busan, Korea.
⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND
Omega-3 fatty acids derived from fish oil have been reported to exert a beneficial effect on reducing cardiovascular disease. Reports about their mechanism have generated several interesting findings, including a change in small dense low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) cholesterol proportion, adiponectin, and apolipoprotein B (apoB), in addition to changes in the lipid profile. The principal objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on plasma sdLDL, adiponectin, apoB100, and B48 in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertriglyceridemia. METHODS: We randomized 28 type 2 diabetic patients in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to receive either omega-3 fatty acids or placebo, both administered at a dose of 4 g daily for 12 weeks. LDL subfractions prior to and after treatment were separated via low-speed ultracentrifugation and analyzed via immunoelectrophoresis. Adiponectin, apoB100, and B48 levels were measured using an ELISA kit. RESULTS: sdLDL proportions were reduced in the omega-3 fatty acids group by 11% after 12 weeks of treatment (n = 17, P = 0.001), and were reduced by 4% in the control group (n = 11, P = 0.096). The patients receiving the omega-3 fatty acids evidenced a significant reduction in the levels of triglyceride (P = 0.001), apoB100, and B48 after 12 weeks (P = 0.038 and P = 0.009, respectively) relative to the baseline. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation increased fasting blood glucose (P = 0.011), but the levels of HbA1c in each group did not change to a statistically significance degree. The adiponectin value was not reduced in the omega-3 fatty acids group (P = 0.133); by way of contrast, the placebo group evidenced a significant reduction in adiponectin value after 12 weeks (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Omega-3 fatty acid treatment proved effective in the reduction of atherogenic sdLDL and apoB in type 2 diabetic patients (Clinical trials reg. no. NCT 00758927, clinicaltrials.gov).

Keywords: Adiponectin;Apolipoprotein B48;Apolipoprotein B100;Omega-3 fatty acids;Small dense LDL cholesterol;Type 2 Diabetes mellitus;

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