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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.
Copyright © 2016 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Values are expressed as mean±SD.
FRS, Framingham Risk Score; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; Cr, creatinine; HTN, hypertension; OC, oral contraceptive; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio.
aP<0.05 for tertile 1 vs. tertile 2 and tertile 1 vs. tertile 3; bP<0.05 for tertile 2 vs. tertile 3; cUnit is 10,000 Korean won/month; dRegular exercise is indicated as 'yes' when the subject performs moderate exercise on a regular basis (more than 30 minutes at a time and more than five times per week); eUACR was logarithmically transformed for analysis to ensure a normal distribution.
Values are expressed as mean±SD.
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; Cr, creatinine; HTN, hypertension; OC, oral contraceptive; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio; FRS, Framingham Risk Score; CVD, cardiovascular disease.
aP<0.05 for optimal vs. intermediate normal, optimal vs. high normal, and optimal vs. microalbuminuria; bP<0.05 for intermediate normal vs. high normal and intermediate normal vs. microalbuminuria; cP<0.05 for high normal vs. microalbuminuria; dUnit is 10,000 Korean won/month; eRegular exercise is indicated as 'yes' when the subject performs moderate exercise on a regular basis (more than 30 minutes at a time and more than five times per week); fUACR was logarithmically transformed for analysis to ensure a normal distribution.
Model 1: adjusted for lifestyle behaviors (alcohol drinking and regular exercise) and sociodemographic factors (residential area, family income, and education); Model 2: model 1 plus known cardiovascular risk factors (diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol); Model 3: model 2 plus reproductive factors (age at menarche, age at menopause, oral contraceptive use, and lactation); Model 4: model 3 plus estimated glomerular filtration rate; Model 5: model 4 plus hypertension history.
aP<0.05.
Model 1: adjusted for lifestyle behaviors (alcohol drinking and regular exercise) and sociodemographic factors (residential area, family income, and education); Model 2: model 1 plus known cardiovascular risk factors (diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol); Model 3: model 2 plus reproductive factors (age at menarche, age at menopause, oral contraceptive use, and lactation); Model 4: model 3 plus estimated glomerular filtration rate; Model 5: model 4 plus hypertension history.
aP<0.05.