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1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
2Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
Copyright © 2018 Korean Endocrine Society
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CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%).
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.
aMean values of all groups were significantly different when analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test.
Model 1, unadjusted; Model 2, adjusted for age and sex; Model 3, adjusted for variables in model 2 plus fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol; Model 4, adjusted for variables in model 3 plus alcohol consumption, smoking habits, and exercise; Model 5, adjusted for variables in model 4 plus body mass index.
Characteristic | Value |
---|---|
Age, yr | 43.2±5.6 |
Male sex | 10,833 (68) |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.6±3.0 |
Waist circumference, cm | 81.8±8.3 |
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 114.5±12.3 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 73.6±9.1 |
Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 91.0±8.5 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 199.1±33.3 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 120.96±75.0 |
High density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 54.5±13.4 |
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 120.5±30.0 |
Glycated hemoglobin, % | 5.6±0.3 |
Fasting insulin, µIU/mL | 5.3±0.3 |
Current smoking | 3,725 (23.5) |
Alcohol consumption over 3 times/wk | 3,395 (21.3) |
Physical activity (more than average activity) | 3,046 (19.1) |
Variable | Normal-normal (n=10,750) | Normal-abnormal (n=1,371) | Abnormal-normal (n=1,504) | Abnormal-abnormal (n=2,307) | Post hoc analysisa (using Tukey's method) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yr | 43.0±5.7 | 43.4±5.2 | 44.1±5.6 | 43.3±5.0 | I≠II, II≠III, II≠IV |
Male sex | 6,226 (57.9) | 1,160 (84.6) | 1,284 (85.4) | 2,163 (93.8) | I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III, II≠IV, III≠IV |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.8±2.8 | 24.4±2.6 | 25.0±2.8 | 26.0±2.7 | All different |
Waist circumference, cm | 79.6±7.9 | 84.4±6.9 | 85.9±7.2 | 87.5±6.9 | All different |
SBP, mm Hg | 112.9±12.2 | 115.9±11.7 | 118.6±12.2 | 118.4±11.5 | I≠II, I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III, II≠IV |
DBP, mm Hg | 73.3±9.0 | 74.5±8.5 | 76.5±8.8 | 76.7±8.7 | I≠II, I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III, II≠IV |
FBG, mg/dL | 89.9±8.3 | 91.5±8.5 | 93.7±8.2 | 93.9±8.4 | I≠II, I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III, II≠IV |
TC, mg/dL | 192.9±31.2 | 206.7±31.9 | 211.1±33.5 | 216.1±34.8 | All different |
TG, mg/dL | 85.8±27.9 | 116.3±23.2 | 192.9±55.3 | 240.9±96.7 | All different |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 58.4±13.1 | 50.4±10. | 47.4±9.8 | 43.7±8.9 | All different |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 115.0±28.2 | 132.9±28.7 | 130.2±30.3 | 132.0±31.5 | I≠II, I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III |
HbA1c, % | 5.6±0.2 | 5.7±0.2 | 5.7±0.3 | 5.7±0.3 | I≠II, I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III, II≠IV |
Fasting insulin, µIU/mL | 4.7±2.7 | 5.3±3.0 | 6.7±3.2 | 7.5±3.7 | All different |
Current smoking | 1,834 (17.1) | 431 (31.6) | 478 (31.9) | 982 (42.7) | I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III, II≠IV, III≠IV |
Alcohol consumption over 3 times/wk | 1,878 (17.5) | 364 (26.5) | 415 (27.6) | 738 (32.0) | I≠III, I≠IV, II≠III, II≠IV, III≠IV |
Physical activity (more than average activity) | 2,279 (24.1) | 222 (17.8) | 237 (17.8) | 326 (14.9) | I≠IV, II≠IV, III≠IV |
Diabetes, n (%) | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | ||
Normal-normal | 112 (1.0) | 1 (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Normal-abnormal | 21 (1.5) | 1.477 (0.924–2.363) | 1.376 (0.855–2.213) | 1.220 (0.753–1.978) | 0.956 (0.554–1.651) | 0.852 (0.493–1.472) |
Abnormal-normal | 32 (2.1) | 2.065 (1.389–3.070) | 1.862 (1.243–2.789) | 1.308 (0.863–1.982) | 1.239 (0.798–1.925) | 1.048 (0.674–1.631) |
Abnormal-abnormal | 69 (3.0) | 2.928 (2.162–3.966) | 2.688 (1.953–3.699) | 1.790 (1.277–2.508) | 1.576 (1.098–2.264) | 1.246 (0.861–1.802) |
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%).
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%). BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin. aMean values of all groups were significantly different when analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test.
Model 1, unadjusted; Model 2, adjusted for age and sex; Model 3, adjusted for variables in model 2 plus fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol; Model 4, adjusted for variables in model 3 plus alcohol consumption, smoking habits, and exercise; Model 5, adjusted for variables in model 4 plus body mass index.