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1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
2Diabetes Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
3Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
4Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
5Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2017 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%).
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBS, fasting blood sugar; PPBS, postprandial blood sugar; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD, chronic kidney disease; WBC, white blood cell; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine transaminase; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; TZD, thiazolidinedione.
aAnalyzed by chi-square test; bLog-transformed; ceGFR was calculated from Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration.
aModel 1: adjusted for age and sex; bModel 2: adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use, systolic blood pressure, and hypertension; cModel 3: adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, ACE inhibitor/ARB use, systolic blood pressure, hypertension, baseline glomerular filtration rate, low density lipoprotein cholesterol change, triglyceride change, and glycated hemoglobin change.