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1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
2Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2016 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%).
EH, essential hypertension; APA, aldosterone producing adenoma; IHA, idiopathic hyperaldosteronism; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PRA, plasma rennin activity; PAC, plasma aldosterone concentration; ARR, aldosterone-renin ratio; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; SIT, saline infusion test; CCT, captopril challenge test.
aThe lowest values at 60 or 90 minutes are shown.
Variable | EH (n=13) | APA (n=36) | IHA (n=15) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, yr | 56.3±12.3 | 48.8±10.1 | 51.2±10.0 | 0.096 |
Male | 4 (30.8) | 14 (38.9) | 9 (60.0) | 0.246 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.4±3.5 | 24.4±3.5 | 27.3±4.6 | 0.048 |
Hypertension | 10 (76.9) | 36 (100.0) | 14 (93.3) | 0.013 |
Diabetes | 5 (38.5) | 2 (5.6) | 2 (13.3) | 0.014 |
Duration of hypertension, yr | 4.6±4.7 | 5.2±4.8 | 7.4±7.5 | 0.332 |
No. of antihypertensive drugs | 1.08±0.64 | 1.72±0.88 | 1.87±1.00 | 0.040 |
SBP, mm Hg | 136±17.2 | 145±17.1 | 141.0±14.8 | 0.217 |
DBP, mm Hg | 83.6±14.1 | 91.3±14.4 | 91.7±11.3 | 0.192 |
PRA, ng/mL/hr | 0.44±0.41 | 0.31±0.41 | 0.24±0.19 | 0.326 |
PAC, ng/dL | 22.1±6.1 | 423±39.1 | 29.3±14.2 | 0.094 |
ARR, (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/hr) | 99.2±74.1 | 258±194 | 186.9±128.8 | 0.013 |
Serum potassium, mmol/L | 4.1±0.6 | 3.2±0.6 | 3.7±0.6 | <0.001 |
Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 0.86±0.26 | 0.85±0.24 | 0.95±0.28 | 0.463 |
Estimated GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 84.6±24.7 | 87.0±23.1 | 80.5±26.7 | 0.693 |
PAC post-SIT, ng/dL | 4.8±2.9 | 34.4±25.9 | 17.8±9.2 | <0.001 |
ARR post-SIT, (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/hr) | 39.5±32.9 | 247±148 | 122.8±93.4 | <0.001 |
PAC post-CCT at 60 min, ng/dL | 12.2±5.5 | 41.6±34.3 | 24.9±11.8 | 0.003 |
ARR post-CCT at 60 min, (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/hr) | 66.4±59.3 | 330±365 | 128.2±103.5 | 0.007 |
PAC post-CCT at 90 min, ng/dL | 9.9±4.5 | 41.1±31.7 | 23.3±10.6 | 0.001 |
ARR post-CCT at 90 min, (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/hr) | 54.6±48.5 | 322±314 | 141.7±147.8 | 0.003 |
PAC post-CCT, ng/dLa | 9.8±4.4 | 37.6±28.1 | 22.3±9.9 | 0.001 |
ARR post-CCT, (ng/dL)/(ng/mL/hr)a | 53.3±47.8 | 275±293 | 105.3±96.1 | 0.005 |
Cut-off value of PAC | Sensitivity, % | Sensitivity, % | LR (+) | LR (-) | Odds ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Combined, ng/dL | |||||
8 | 100 | 46.2 | 1.86 | 0.00 | - |
12 | 98 | 71.4 | 3.43 | 0.028 | 123 |
13 | 98 | 78.6 | 4.57 | 0.026 | 180 |
19 | 72 | 100 | - | 0.28 | - |
At 60 minutes, ng/dL | |||||
9 | 100 | 46.2 | 1.86 | 0.00 | - |
12 | 98 | 57.1 | 2.29 | 0.035 | 65.3 |
13 | 98 | 64.3 | 2.74 | 0.031 | 88.2 |
19 | 84 | 85.7 | 5.88 | 0.187 | 31.5 |
23 | 65 | 100 | - | 0.350 | - |
At 90 minutes, ng/dL | |||||
8 | 100 | 46.2 | 1.86 | 0.00 | - |
12 | 98 | 71.4 | 3.43 | 0.028 | 123 |
13 | 98 | 78.6 | 4.57 | 0.026 | 180 |
19 | 72 | 100 | - | 0.28 | - |
Values are expressed as mean±SD or number (%). EH, essential hypertension; APA, aldosterone producing adenoma; IHA, idiopathic hyperaldosteronism; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PRA, plasma rennin activity; PAC, plasma aldosterone concentration; ARR, aldosterone-renin ratio; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; SIT, saline infusion test; CCT, captopril challenge test. aThe lowest values at 60 or 90 minutes are shown.
PAC, plasma aldosterone concentration; LR, likelihood ratio.