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1Seoul National University School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
2Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2014 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; MSC, mesenchymal stem cell; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; T2D, type 2 diabetes; PTN, pleiotrophin; ORP, oxysterol-binding protein-related protein; PDK, phosphoinositide-dependent kinase; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; PKA, protein kinase A; CREB, cAMP response element-binding; WNT, wingless and INT-1; TCF, T-cell-specific transcription factor; TGF-β, transforming growth factor β; TGFBR2, TGF-β receptor 2; hASC, human adipose tissue-derived stem cell; HMGA2, high mobility group AT-hook2; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; hMADS, human multipotent adipose-derived stem; C/EBP, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein; EID, EP300 interacting inhibitor of differentiation 1; KLF, Kruppel-like factor; Runx2, runt-related transcription factor 2; BMSC, bone marrow stromal cell; Smad1, Sma and Mad related protein 1; DLK1, delta-like homologue 1; O/E, overexpression.