Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Articles

Thyroid
Comprehensive Proteomics and Machine Learning Analysis to Distinguish Follicular Adenoma and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma from Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: Hee-Sung Ahn, Eyun Song, Chae A Kim, Min Ji Jeon, Yu-Mi Lee, Tea-Yon Sung, Dong Eun Song, Jiyoung Yu, Ji Min Shin, Yeon-Sook Choi, Kyunggon Kim, Won Gu Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2025;40(4):623-636. Published online April 10, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2208

4,792 View
147 Download

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Background
The preoperative diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is challenging because it cannot be readily distinguished from follicular adenoma (FA) or benign follicular nodular disease (FND) using the sonographic and cytological features typically employed in clinical practice.
Methods
We employed comprehensive proteomics and machine learning (ML) models to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers capable of classifying three subtypes: FTC, FA, and FND. Bottom-up proteomics techniques were applied to quantify proteins in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) thyroid tissues. In total, 202 FFPE tissue samples, comprising 62 FNDs, 72 FAs, and 68 FTCs, were analyzed.
Results
Close spectrum-spectrum matching quantified 6,332 proteins, with approximately 9% (780 proteins) differentially expressed among the groups. When applying an ML model to the proteomics data from samples with preoperative indeterminate cytopathology (n=183), we identified distinct protein panels: five proteins (CNDP2, DNAAF5, DYNC1H1, FARSB, and PDCD4) for the FND prediction model, six proteins (DNAAF5, FAM149B1, RPS9, TAGLN2, UPF1, and UQCRC1) for the FA model, and seven proteins (ACTN4, DSTN, MACROH2A1, NUCB1, SPTAN1, TAGLN, and XRCC5) for the FTC model. The classifiers’ performance, evaluated by the median area under the curve values of the random forest models, was 0.832 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.824 to 0.839) for FND, 0.826 (95% CI, 0.817 to 0.835) for FA, and 0.870 (95% CI, 0.863 to 0.877) for FTC.
Conclusion
Quantitative proteome analysis combined with an ML model yielded an optimized multi‐protein panel that can distinguish FTC from benign subtypes. Our findings indicate that a proteomic approach holds promise for the differential diagnosis of FTC.

Thyroid
Distinct Impacts of Clinicopathological and Mutational Profiles on Long-Term Survival and Recurrence in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Moon Young Oh, Kyong Yeun Jung, Hoonsung Choi, Young Jun Chai, Sun Wook Cho, Su-jin Kim, Kyu Eun Lee, Eun-Jae Chung, Do Joon Park, Young Joo Park, Han-Kwang Yang; Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(6):877-890. Published online November 5, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2027

5,957 View
131 Download
3 Web of Science
5 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has a poorer prognosis than differentiated thyroid cancers; however, comprehensive data on the long-term outcomes of MTC remain scarce. This study investigated the extended clinical outcomes of MTC and aimed to identify prognostic factors.
Methods
Patients diagnosed with MTC between 1980 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Their clinical characteristics, longterm clinical outcomes, and prognostic factors for recurrence and mortality were analyzed.
Results
The study included 226 patients (144 women, 82 men). The disease-specific survival (DSS) rates for all MTC patients at 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-year intervals were 92.7%, 89.4%, 74.3%, and 68.1%, respectively. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 71.1%, 56.1%, 40.2%, and 32.1% at these intervals. DSS was comparable between the groups from 1980–2009 and 2010–2020 (P=0.995); however, the 1980–2009 group had significantly lower RFS rates (P=0.031). The 2010–2020 group exhibited greater extents of surgical and lymph node dissection (P=0.003) and smaller tumors (P=0.003). Multivariate analysis identified extrathyroidal extension as the strongest prognostic factor for both RFS and DSS. Age >55 years and tumor size of ≥2 cm were also significant prognostic factors for DSS, while hereditary disease and lymph node metastasis were significant for RFS. Survival analysis after propensity-score matching of rearranged during transfection (RET)-negative and non-screened RET-positive groups showed comparable DSS but longer RFS in the RET-negative group.
Conclusion
Extrathyroidal extension was identified as the strongest prognostic factor for RFS and DSS. Older age and larger tumor size were associated with decreased DSS, while RET mutation and lymph node metastasis significantly impacted RFS.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clinical characteristics and risk analysis of lymph node metastasis in patients with cN0 differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Meng Wei, Kaipeng Hu, Gaolin Qiu, Qing Lin, Jincan Qian, Yao Lu, Rui Wang
Scientific Reports.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnosis of recurrent medullary thyroid cancer: Capabilities of PET/CT with ¹⁸F-DOPA
Nikolai A. Ognerubov, Olga O. Mirsalimova
Consilium Medicum.2026; 28(4): 270. CrossRef
The impact of microscopic extrathyroidal extension on the prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: A multicenter cohort study
Beyza Olcay Ozturk, Umran Keskin, Serhat Uysal, Aysa Hacioglu, Seda Karsli, Burak Andac, Umit Nur Ozbay, Hulyanur Sodan, Sebnem Burhan, Coskun Ates, Ugur Avci, Faruk Kilinc, Selvinaz Erol, Merve Catak, Zafer Pekkolay, Gulhan Akbaba, Goknur Yorulmaz, Sakin
Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición.2025; 72(10): 501633. CrossRef
The impact of microscopic extrathyroidal extension on the prognosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: A multicenter cohort study
Beyza Olcay Ozturk, Umran Keskin, Serhat Uysal, Aysa Hacioglu, Seda Karsli, Burak Andac, Umit Nur Ozbay, Hulyanur Sodan, Sebnem Burhan, Coskun Ates, Ugur Avci, Faruk Kilinc, Selvinaz Erol, Merve Catak, Zafer Pekkolay, Gulhan Akbaba, Goknur Yorulmaz, Sakin
Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed.).2025; 72(10): 501633. CrossRef
MEDULLARY THYROID CARCINOMA (MTC): A CURRENT REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND THERAPY
Szymon Zysiak, Julia Wawerska, Dawid Głaz, Maksymilian Głaz, Natalia Kamińska, Jędrzej Zaguła, Magdalena Stolarczyk, Aleksandra Jagura-Sukiennik, Mateusz Stronczyński, Kacper Wicha
International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Review Articles

Thyroid
Tumor Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: A Synergistic Crosstalk to Promote Thyroid Cancer: Laura Fozzatti, Sheue-yann Cheng; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):673-680. Published online November 9, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.401

16,482 View
290 Download
34 Web of Science
30 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Although most thyroid cancer patients are successfully treated and have an excellent prognosis, a percentage of these patients will develop aggressive disease and, eventually, progress to anaplastic thyroid cancer. Since most patients with this type of aggressive thyroid carcinoma will die from the disease, new treatment strategies are urgently needed. Tumor cells live in a complex and dynamic tumor microenvironment composed of different types of stromal cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most important cell components in the tumor microenvironment of most solid tumors, including thyroid cancer. CAFs originate mainly from mesenchymal cells and resident fibroblasts that are activated and reprogrammed in response to paracrine factors and cytokines produced and released by tumor cells. Upon reprogramming, which is distinguished by the expression of different marker proteins, CAFs synthesize and secret soluble factors. The secretome of CAFs directly impacts different functions of tumor cells. This bi-directional interplay between CAFs and tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment ends up fostering tumor cancer progression. CAFs are therefore key regulators of tumor progression and represent an under-explored therapeutic target in thyroid cancer.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Cancer-associated fibroblasts as a potential therapeutic target for thyroid cancers
Kashmira Chakraborty, Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran, Shristy Kothiwal, Sourav Majhi, Anuvab Dey, Subhrojyoti Ghosh, Ankita Chowdhury, Chandrajeet Dhara, Rijula Batabyal, Sreyee Biswas, Chae Moon Hong, Prakash Gangadaran, Byeong-Cheol Ahn
International Journal of Surgery.2026; 112(1): 1448. CrossRef
Visualizing malignant progression: in situ CD109-based spatial immunofluorescence assay delineates papillary to anaplastic thyroid carcinoma transformation within the tumor microenvironment
Tomoko Cohen, Keiji Suzuki, Katsuya Matsuda, Hirokazu Kurohama, Yuki Matsuoka, Mayu Ueda, Shinya Satoh, Hisakazu Shindo, Hiroyuki Yamashita, Atsushi Kawakami, Masahiro Nakashima
Scientific Reports.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Identifying the cancer-associated fibroblast signature to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma
Yinhui Zhu, Yingqun Zhu, Sirui Chen, Qian Cai
Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering.2025; 28(3): 326. CrossRef
Nano-drug delivery strategies affecting cancer-associated fibroblasts to reduce tumor metastasis
Linghui Zou, Peng Xian, Qing Pu, Yangjie Song, Shuting Ni, Lei Chen, Kaili Hu
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.2025; 15(4): 1841. CrossRef
Bisphenols exposure at environmentally relevant dose promoted ovarian cancer progression and modulated tumor microenvironment through β-catenin/SPP1 axis
Sinan Xu, Xiaoyu Yuan, Yuwei Wang, Zhiqin Fu, Kelie Chen, Zhenyan Cui, Leting Xu, Honghe Zhang, Dajing Xia, Yihua Wu
Journal of Hazardous Materials.2025; 490: 137824. CrossRef
Nano-approaches and Recent Advancements in Strategies to Combat Challenges Associated with Thyroid Cancer Therapies
Gurmehar Singh, Jatin Rathee, Triveni, Neha Jain, Upendra Nagaich, Shreya Kaul, Manisha Pandey, Bapi Gorain
Recent Patents on Nanotechnology.2025; 19(3): 381. CrossRef
Turning tumor microenvironmental foes to friends: A new opportunity for thyroid cancer therapy and redifferentiation
Liya Zhu, Xiuli Jing, Byeong-Cheol Ahn
Oral Oncology.2025; 168: 107513. CrossRef
Targeting B7-H3 in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Using Nanosystems Suppresses Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Progression
Tong Chen, Xudong Li, Dongken Hong, Lichen Yin, Chen Fang, Xinjian Chen, Zhixue Yang, Peifeng Zhao, Liang Hu, Zhanqing Wang, Lei Cao, Qi Ma
Thyroid®.2025; 35(10): 1173. CrossRef
Tumor microenvironment remodeling across thyroid cancer differentiation states revealed by spatial transcriptomics
Jungirl Seok, Hongyoon Choi, Eun Kyung Lee, Chang Hwan Ryu, Dongjoo Lee, Junsun Ryu, Seog Yun Park, Yuh-Seog Jung
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
FAPi-Based Agents in Thyroid Cancer: A New Step towards Diagnosis and Therapy? A Systematic Review of the Literature
Priscilla Guglielmo, Pierpaolo Alongi, Lucia Baratto, Miriam Conte, Elisabetta Maria Abenavoli, Ambra Buschiazzo, Greta Celesti, Francesco Dondi, Rossella Filice, Joana Gorica, Lorenzo Jonghi-Lavarini, Riccardo Laudicella, Maria Librando, Flavia Linguanti
Cancers.2024; 16(4): 839. CrossRef
Cancer-associated fibroblasts: protagonists of the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer
Ece Ozmen, Tevriz Dilan Demir, Gulnihal Ozcan
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Emerging therapeutic options for follicular-derived thyroid cancer in the era of immunotherapy
Naimah Turner, Sarah Hamidi, Rim Ouni, Rene Rico, Ying C. Henderson, Maria Puche, Sayan Alekseev, Jocelynn G. Colunga-Minutti, Mark E. Zafereo, Stephen Y. Lai, Sang T. Kim, Maria E. Cabanillas, Roza Nurieva
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Current Advances in Radioactive Iodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Fabio Volpe, Carmela Nappi, Emilia Zampella, Erica Di Donna, Simone Maurea, Alberto Cuocolo, Michele Klain
Current Oncology.2024; 31(7): 3870. CrossRef
New insights into the mechanisms of the extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Jinkun Xia, Yuyu Shi, Xinxu Chen
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Improving the diagnostic strategy for thyroid nodules: a combination of artificial intelligence-based computer-aided diagnosis system and shear wave elastography
Ziman Chen, Nonhlanhla Chambara, Xina Lo, Shirley Yuk Wah Liu, Simon Takadiyi Gunda, Xinyang Han, Michael Tin Cheung Ying
Endocrine.2024; 87(2): 744. CrossRef
Co-cultivation of human granulosa cells with ovarian cancer cells leads to a significant increase in progesterone production
Detlef Pietrowski, Martina Grgic, Isabella Haslinger, Julian Marschalek, Christian Schneeberger
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics.2023; 307(5): 1593. CrossRef
Secretome of Stromal Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs): Relevance in Cancer
Deepshikha Mishra, Debabrata Banerjee
Cells.2023; 12(4): 628. CrossRef
Head-to-Head Comparison of [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi and [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTANOC Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging for the Follow-Up Surveillance of Patients with Medullary Thyro
Sanjana Ballal, Madhav Prasad Yadav, Frank Roesch, Shobhana Raju, Swayamjeet Satapathy, Parvind Sheokand, Euy Sung Moon, Marcel Martin, Shipra Awarwal, Madhavi Tripathi, Chandrasekhar Bal
Thyroid®.2023; 33(8): 974. CrossRef
Head-to-head comparison of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi with [18F]F-FDG PET/CT in radioiodine-resistant follicular-cell derived thyroid cancers
Sanjana Ballal, Madhav P. Yadav, Frank Roesch, Swayamjeet Satapathy, Euy Sung Moon, Marcel Martin, Nicky Wakade, Parvind Sheokand, Madhavi Tripathi, Kunal R. Chandekar, Shipra Agarwal, Ranjit Kumar Sahoo, Sameer Rastogi, Chandrasekhar Bal
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2023; 51(1): 233. CrossRef
Roles and new Insights of Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment of Thyroid Cancer
Qi Liu, Wei Sun, Hao Zhang
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Rab22a Promotes Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Xue Luo, Jinping Wang, Jinxi Lu, Xi Wang, Yuan Miao, Qingchang Li, Xiaoman Li, Liang Wang, Yong Xin Ma
BioMed Research International.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Extracellular vesicles from thyroid cancer harbor a functional machinery involved in extracellular matrix remodeling
Rocío del Carmen Bravo-Miana, María Florencia Soler, Danilo Guillermo Ceschin, Félix Royo, Dana María Negretti-Borga, Mikel Azkargorta, Félix Elortza, María del Mar Montesinos, Claudia Gabriela Pellizas, Juan Manuel Falcón-Pérez, Ana Carolina Donadio
European Journal of Cell Biology.2022; 101(3): 151254. CrossRef
The clinical significance of thyroid hormone-responsive in thyroid carcinoma and its potential regulatory pathway
Zhen-xing Yu, Cheng Xiang, Sheng-gui Xu, Yang-ping Zhang
Medicine.2022; 101(31): e29972. CrossRef
Thyroid Cancer and Fibroblasts
Angelica Avagliano, Giuseppe Fiume, Claudio Bellevicine, Giancarlo Troncone, Alessandro Venuta, Vittoria Acampora, Sabrina De Lella, Maria Rosaria Ruocco, Stefania Masone, Nunzio Velotti, Pietro Carotenuto, Massimo Mallardo, Carmen Caiazza, Stefania Monta
Cancers.2022; 14(17): 4172. CrossRef
TIM3 Expression in Anaplastic-Thyroid-Cancer-Infiltrating Macrophages: An Emerging Immunotherapeutic Target
Luz Maria Palacios, Victoria Peyret, María Estefania Viano, Romina Celeste Geysels, Yair Aron Chocobar, Ximena Volpini, Claudia Gabriela Pellizas, Juan Pablo Nicola, Claudia Cristina Motran, María Cecilia Rodriguez-Galan, Laura Fozzatti
Biology.2022; 11(11): 1609. CrossRef
Recent progress in molecular mechanisms of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Zhao-Shan Niu, Wen-Hong Wang, Xiao-Jun Niu
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 28(46): 6433. CrossRef
Recent advances in regenerative medicine strategies for cancer treatment
Vahid Mansouri, Nima Beheshtizadeh, Maliheh Gharibshahian, Leila Sabouri, Mohammad Varzandeh, Nima Rezaei
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2021; 141: 111875. CrossRef
Secreted Factors by Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells Induce Tumor-Promoting M2-like Macrophage Polarization through a TIM3-Dependent Mechanism
Cinthia Carolina Stempin, Romina Celeste Geysels, Sunmi Park, Luz Maria Palacios, Ximena Volpini, Claudia Cristina Motran, Eva Virginia Acosta Rodríguez, Juan Pablo Nicola, Sheue-yann Cheng, Claudia Gabriela Pellizas, Laura Fozzatti
Cancers.2021; 13(19): 4821. CrossRef
Novel Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor-Based Targeted Theranostics for Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study
Sanjana Ballal, Madhav Prasad Yadav, Euy Sung Moon, Frank Roesch, Samta Kumari, Shipra Agarwal, Madhavi Tripathi, Ranjit Kumar Sahoo, Bharadwaj Srinivas Mangu, Avinash Tupalli, Chandrasekhar Bal
Thyroid.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Emerging Biomarkers in Thyroid Practice and Research
Shipra Agarwal, Andrey Bychkov, Chan-Kwon Jung
Cancers.2021; 14(1): 204. CrossRef

Thyroid
Recent Improvements in Genomic and Transcriptomic Understanding of Anaplastic and Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancers: Seong-Keun Yoo, Young Shin Song, Young Joo Park, Jeong-Sun Seo; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(1):44-54. Published online March 19, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.1.44

12,871 View
300 Download
21 Web of Science
20 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a lethal human cancer with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Recently, its genomic and transcriptomic characteristics have been extensively elucidated over 5 years owing to advance in high throughput sequencing. These efforts have extended molecular understandings into the progression mechanisms and therapeutic vulnerabilities of aggressive thyroid cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of genomic and transcriptomic alterations in ATC and poorly-differentiated thyroid cancer, which are distinguished from differentiated thyroid cancers. Clinically relevant genomic alterations and deregulated signaling pathways will be able to shed light on more effective prevention and stratified therapeutic interventions for affected patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A new broom sweeps clean: CLDN16 surpasses the BRAF-V600E mutation as an unrivaled biomarker in papillary thyroid cancer
Yefeng Cai, Yawen Guo, Wenli Ma, Pu Cheng, Liehao Jiang, Shuyan Shen, Fahuan Song, Lei Zhu, Yiqun Hu, Yao Chen, Yanting Duan, Xiujun Cai, Quan Li, Guowan Zheng, Minghua Ge
European Journal of Endocrinology.2025; 192(2): 128. CrossRef
Validation of Diagnostic Utility of Washout CYFRA 21-1 in Lymph Node Metastasis of Thyroid Cancer
Jeongmin Lee, Yuri Shin, Jeongun Kwak, Hye Lim Park, Sohee Lee, Mee Kyung Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Chan Kwon Jung, So Lyung Jung, Jung-Min Lee, Sang-Ah Chang, Dong-Jun Lim
Clinical Cancer Research.2025; 31(10): 1922. CrossRef
The genomic and evolutionary landscapes of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Peter Y.F. Zeng, Stephenie D. Prokopec, Stephen Y. Lai, Nicole Pinto, Michelle A. Chan-Seng-Yue, Roderick Clifton-Bligh, Michelle D. Williams, Christopher J. Howlett, Paul Plantinga, Matthew J. Cecchini, Alfred K. Lam, Iram Siddiqui, Jianxin Wang, Ren X.
Cell Reports.2024; 43(3): 113826. CrossRef
Comparative study between poorly differentiated thyroid cancer and anaplastic thyroid cancer: real-world pathological distribution, death attribution, and prognostic factor estimation
Kun Zhang, Xinyi Wang, Tao Wei, Zhihui Li, Jingqiang Zhu, Ya-Wen Chen
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Dabrafenib and Trametinib Therapy for Advanced Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer – Real-World Outcomes From UK Centres
C. Lorimer, L. Cheng, R. Chandler, K. Garcez, V. Gill, K. Graham, W. Grant, S. Sardo Infirri, J. Wadsley, L. Wall, N. Webber, K.H. Wong, K. Newbold
Clinical Oncology.2023; 35(1): e60. CrossRef
MicroRNA expression profiling of RAS-mutant thyroid tumors with follicular architecture: microRNA signatures to discriminate benign from malignant lesions
E. Macerola, A. M. Poma, P. Vignali, A. Proietti, L. Torregrossa, C. Ugolini, A. Basolo, A. Matrone, R. Elisei, F. Santini, F. Basolo
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2023; 46(8): 1651. CrossRef
RBX1 regulates PKM alternative splicing to facilitate anaplastic thyroid carcinoma metastasis and aerobic glycolysis by destroying the SMAR1/HDAC6 complex
Debin Xu, Jichun Yu, Yuting Yang, Yunyan Du, Hongcheng Lu, Shouhua Zhang, Qian Feng, Yi Yu, Liang Hao, Jun Shao, Leifeng Chen
Cell & Bioscience.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Multi-Omics and Management of Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Thifhelimbilu Emmanuel Luvhengo, Ifongo Bombil, Arian Mokhtari, Maeyane Stephens Moeng, Demetra Demetriou, Claire Sanders, Zodwa Dlamini
Biomedicines.2023; 11(4): 1217. CrossRef
Genomic landscape of anaplastic thyroid cancer and implications on therapy
Leslie Cheng, Kate Newbold
Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research.2023; 30: 100458. CrossRef
Modeling the tumor microenvironment of anaplastic thyroid cancer: an orthotopic tumor model in C57BL/6 mice
Zhen Xu, Hyo Shik Shin, Yoo Hyung Kim, Seong Yun Ha, Jae-Kyung Won, Su-jin Kim, Young Joo Park, Sareh Parangi, Sun Wook Cho, Kyu Eun Lee
Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Characterization of the genomic alterations in poorly differentiated thyroid cancer
Yeeun Lee, SeongRyeol Moon, Jae Yeon Seok, Joon-Hyop Lee, Seungyoon Nam, Yoo Seung Chung
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetica del carcinoma anaplastico della tiroide
Teresa Ramone, Chiara Mulè, Cristina Romei, Raffaele Ciampi, Eleonora Molinaro, Rossella Elisei
L'Endocrinologo.2022; 23(2): 208. CrossRef
Tissue and circulating PD-L2: moving from health and immune-mediated diseases to head and neck oncology
Elena Muraro, Rebecca Romanò, Giuseppe Fanetti, Emanuela Vaccher, Irene Turturici, Valentina Lupato, Fabio Biagio La Torre, Jerry Polesel, Elisabetta Fratta, Vittorio Giacomarra, Giovanni Franchin, Agostino Steffan, Michele Spina, Salvatore Alfieri
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology.2022; 175: 103707. CrossRef
Recent Improvements in the Treatment of High-Risk Thyroid Cancer
Eun Kyung Lee
Korean Society for Head and Neck Oncology.2022; 38(1): 1. CrossRef
Inhibition of Glycogen Metabolism Induces Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Cytotoxicity in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer in Female Mice
Cole D Davidson, Jennifer A Tomczak, Eyal Amiel, Frances E Carr
Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Survival prognostic factors for differentiated thyroid cancer patients with pulmonary metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Hao Zhao, Chun-Hao Liu, Yue Cao, Li-Yang Zhang, Ya Zhao, Yue-Wu Liu, Hong-Feng Liu, Yan-Song Lin, Xiao-Yi Li
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
2021 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Management of Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Keith C. Bible, Electron Kebebew, James Brierley, Juan P. Brito, Maria E. Cabanillas, Thomas J. Clark, Antonio Di Cristofano, Robert Foote, Thomas Giordano, Jan Kasperbauer, Kate Newbold, Yuri E. Nikiforov, Gregory Randolph, M. Sara Rosenthal, Anna M. Saw
Thyroid®.2021; 31(3): 337. CrossRef
Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Differentiated Thyroid Tumors: An Intriguing Reappraisal in the Era of Personalized Medicine
Antonio Ieni, Roberto Vita, Cristina Pizzimenti, Salvatore Benvenga, Giovanni Tuccari
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2021; 11(5): 333. CrossRef
The Role of Altered Mitochondrial Metabolism in Thyroid Cancer Development and Mitochondria-Targeted Thyroid Cancer Treatment
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Nikita G. Nikiforov, Alexander D. Zhuravlev, Nikolay A. Orekhov, Liudmila M. Mikhaleva, Alexander N. Orekhov
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 23(1): 460. CrossRef
Mechanisms of TERT Reactivation and Its Interaction with BRAFV600E
Young Shin Song, Young Joo Park
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(3): 515. CrossRef

Case Report

A Case of Primary Parathyroid Carcinoma with full-brown Symptom.: Chang Soo Ryu, Deok Ki Kim, Kee Hyun Park, Shi Gyeong Seong, Dong Ho Kim, Sang Min Woo, In Sung Cho; J Korean Endocr Soc. 1996;11(2):221-226. Published online November 7, 2019

1,955 View
24 Download

Abstract PDF: Primary hyperparathyroicism is a state of hypersecretion of PTH by the parathyroid. The etiology has not been established. The three possible etiologies of piimary hyperparathyroidism and incidences are adencena(83%), hyperplasia(15%), and carcinoma(1~2%). Parathyroid carcinoma usually presents in the fourth decades. The hallmark preoperative signs are hypercalcemia(serum calcium 15mg/dl). Palpable neck mass and bane and renal disease. Patients may present with multiple signs and syrnptoms, including recurrent nephrolithiasis, peptic ulcers, mental change, less frequently, extensive bone resorption. However, with greater awareness of the disease and wider use of screening tests, including blood calcium determinations, the diagnosis is frequently made in patients who have no symptoms and minimal, if any, signs of the disease ather than hypercalcemia and elevated levels of parathyroid Hormone. An 38-years-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to pain on the left knee joint. We experienced full-brown symptom pertaining to hyperpara- thyroidism. Thus we report a case herein and also discuss clinical anifestation, histologic features and treatment.

Original Article

Clinical Significance of Routine Measurement of Serum Calcitonin in Korean Patients with Thyroid Nodules as a Screening test of Sporadic Thyroid Medullary Carcinoma.: Young Kee Shong, Cheol Soo Choi, Hye Young Park, Bo Youn Cho; J Korean Endocr Soc. 1996;11(1):11-17. Published online November 7, 2019

1,707 View
27 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
: It is not easy to diagnose sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma(MTC) before surgery and this might lead the patient reoperation and/or lowered chance of definite cure. Methods : The prevalence of sporadic MTC in Korean was studied in patients with thyroid nodules. A prospective study of 1048 consecutive patients with thyroid nodules was performed. In all patients, measurements of basal serum calcitonin, thyroid hormones, TSH, anti-thyroglobulin antibody and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody were undertaken along with technetium-99m thyroid scintigraphy and fine needle aspiration cytology. In patients with elevated basal calcitonin levels, calcium stimulated calcitonin level was determined. Results: Two patient had markedly elevated calcitonin levels(over 3,200 pg/mL and 1,763 pg/ mL) and another one slightly elevated calcitoni#n(71.9 pg/mL). Fine needle aspiration cytology was suggestive of MTC in one and nodular hyperplasia in the other two. They underwent surgery and histological examination revealed MTC in those two with markedly elevated calcitonin levels. The patient with slightly elevated calcitonin, who was on the maintenance hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure, had nodular hyperplasia. Conclusion: MTC was found in 0.19% of patients with thyroid nodules, which was not different with the previously reported prevalence in Europe. Routine measurements of serum calcitonin might be of value to detect sporadic MTC; however, the cost-effectiveness of routine measurement of serum calcitonin is not clear, considering the relatively low prevalence of MTC in Koreans.

Case Report

A Case of Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome.: In Pyo Jun, Suck Hwan Lim, Won Hyep Bae, Seung Jun Kim, Youn Ho Lee, Sun Ho Kim, Jung Kyu Lim, Jin Duk Hur; J Korean Endocr Soc. 1994;10(2):142-147. Published online November 6, 2019

1,838 View
20 Download

Abstract PDF: Polyglandular autoimmune(PGA) syndrome designates the dysfunction of endocrine and nonendocrine system involving two or more glands on the basis of autoimmunity. There are three types of PGA syndrome and their pathogenesis is still not completely understood. A 27-year-old woman developed polyglandular autoimmune syndrome manifesting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease associated papillary thyroid carcinoma. The thyroid antimicrosomal antibody and antiacetylcholine receptor antibody were positive. Her HLA serotype was A2, A11, A62, B60, CW3, CW4, DR4, DR9.We report here a case of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, type III manifesting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Original Articles

Thyroid
^99mTc-Pertechnetate Scintigraphy Predicts Successful Postoperative Ablation in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Patients Treated with Low Radioiodine Activities: Luca Giovanella, Gaetano Paone, Teresa Ruberto, Luca Ceriani, Pierpaolo Trimboli; Endocrinol Metab. 2019;34(1):63-69. Published online February 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2019.34.1.63

7,966 View
96 Download
13 Web of Science
12 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Background

Postoperative routine radioiodine (RAI) treatment is currently debated for patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients. If performed, a low ¹³¹I activity (i.e., 1 to 2 GBq) is recommended with the aim to ablate thyroid remnant and facilitate subsequent follow-up by thyroglobulin measurement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between postsurgical technetium-99m (^99mTc)-pertechnetate scintigraphy and the rate of successful remnant ablation after low activity radioiodine ablation in patients with DTC.

Methods

Enrolled were 193 patients with low risk DTC who underwent total thyroidectomy and RAI ablation with a fixed 1.1 GBq activity of ¹³¹I. ^99mTc-pertechnetate scans were done and thyrotropin stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) levels measured just before ablation. Ablation effectiveness was assessed 6 to 12 months later by sTg measurement, neck ultrasound and diagnostic whole body scan.

Results

A negative ^99mTc-perthecnetate scans was the best predictor of successful ablation (P<0.001) followed by preablative sTg levels <0.8 ng/mL (P=0.008) and ^99mTc-pertechnetate uptake rate values <0.9% (P=0.065). Neither sex nor age of the patient at the time of ablation or tumor histology and size showed a significant association with the rate of successful ablation.

Conclusion

The ^99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy is a simple and feasible tool to predict effectiveness of low activity ¹³¹I thyroid to ablate thyroid remnants in patients with DTC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Quantifying protein interactions of pertechnetate: Binding and molecular docking studies
Valeriya Trusova, Uliana Malovytsia, Pylyp Kuznietsov, Ivan Yakymenko, Galyna Yukhno, Alla Krasnopyorova, Nataliya Pidchenko, Oleg Tishchenko, Galyna Gorbenko
Biophysical Chemistry.2026; 332: 107592. CrossRef
I-131 Treatment Preparation
Berna Okudan Tekin, Furkan Avcı
Nuclear Medicine Seminars.2026; : 63. CrossRef
Interactions of Pertechnetate with Proteins: An in-Silico Study
V. Trusova, P. Kuznietsov, I. Yakymenko, G. Gorbenko
East European Journal of Physics.2026; (1): 520. CrossRef
Predicting thyroid cancer ablation success: Pre-ablative 99mTc-Pertechnetate and post-ablative 131I scan comparison
G. Mutevelizade, Y. Parlak, B.C. Bozdemir, C. Sezgin, G. Gumuser, E. Sayit
Médecine Nucléaire.2025; 49(3): 179. CrossRef
Combined clinical variable and radiomics of post-treatment total body scan for prediction of successful I-131 ablation in low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma patients
Maythinee Chantadisai, Jirarot Wongwijitsook, Napat Ritlumlert, Yothin Rakvongthai
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Unexpected 99mTc-pertechnetate avidity of lymph node metastases redicts better response to radioiodine therapy in differentiated hyroid cancer patients with lymph node metastases
Jie Liu
American Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2024; 14(1): 63. CrossRef
Sufficiency of a Single Negative Thyroglobulin Standard for Judging the Success of Ablation in Low- and Intermediate-risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Yahong Long, Jianhua Jin, Wanchun Zhang
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets.2024; 24(10): 1204. CrossRef
Predicting excellent response to radioiodine in differentiated thyroid cancer using machine learning
Ogün Bülbül, Demet Nak
Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica.2024; 44(4): 261. CrossRef
The prognostic value of post thyroidectomy Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid scan in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
L.M. Eloteify, Samy M. Algizawy, Aya K.M. Abdelnaim, Nesreen Mekkawy
Nuclear Medicine Communications.2023; 44(1): 38. CrossRef
Correlation analysis of I-131 SPECT/CT uptake parameters with the success ablation treatment of thyroid remnant in patients with low-intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer
Qian Zhang, Weina Xu
Nuclear Medicine Communications.2022; 43(10): 1051. CrossRef
Clinical significance of extra-thyroid 99mTc-pertechnetate uptake before initial radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Bin Long, Li-Fang Yao, Shou-Cong Chen, Jin Shui, Xue-Mei Ye, He-Qing Yi, Cen Lou
Journal of International Medical Research.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Thyroglobulin Changes are Highly Dependent on TSH in Low-risk DTC Patients not Treated with Radioiodine
Antonio Matrone, Alessio Faranda, Francesco Latrofa, Carla Gambale, Delio Stefani Donati, Eleonora Molinaro, Laura Agate, David Viola, Paolo Piaggi, Liborio Torregrossa, Fulvio Basolo, Rossella Elisei
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2020; 105(8): e2845. CrossRef

Thyroid
Combined Effects of Baicalein and Docetaxel on Apoptosis in 8505c Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells via Downregulation of the ERK and Akt/mTOR Pathways: Chan Ho Park, Se Eun Han, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Young Il Kim, Eun Sook Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(1):121-132. Published online March 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.1.121

9,429 View
73 Download
51 Web of Science
43 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies. Docetaxel, a microtubule stabilizer, is a common chemotherapeutic agent used to treat various metastatic cancers. However, prolonged use results in various side effects and drug resistance. Flavonoids, such as baicalein, are accepted chemotherapeutic and dietary chemopreventive agents with many advantages, such as greater accessibility, affordability, and lower toxicity, compared with traditional chemotherapy agents. In this study, we evaluated whether baicalein enhances the effects of docetaxel on apoptosis and metastasis in 8505c ATC cells.

Methods

The 8505c cells were treated with baicalein or docetaxel individually and in combination. Cell viability was measured by MTT (thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide) assay, and apoptosis was detected by fluorescence microscopy of Hoechst-stained cells. The expression of apoptotic (Bax and caspase-3), anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2), angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], transforming growth factor β [TGF-β], E-cadherin, and N-cadherin), and signaling (extracellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK] mitogen activated protein kinase [MAPK], Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin [mTOR]) proteins was determined by Western blot analysis.

Results

The combination of baicalein (50 or 100 µM) and docetaxel (10 nM) significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis compared with monotherapies. The combination treatment significantly inhibited the expression of Bax, caspase-3, VEGF, TGF-β1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and mTOR, but decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and significantly decreased the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt.

Conclusion

The combination of baicalein and docetaxel effectively induced apoptosis and inhibited metastasis in 8505c cells through downregulation of apoptotic and angiogenic protein expression and blocking of the ERK and Akt/mTOR pathways in 8505c cells. These results suggest that baicalein enhances the anticancer effects of docetaxel in ATC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Baicalein inhibits the progression of thyroid cancer by suppressing the TPL2/MEK2/ERK2 pathway
Nan Wu, Yang Wu, Qian Zhang, Muhammad Naeem, Ren Jing, Yuan-bin Luo, Shijian Yi
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
A review on phytochemicals as combating weapon for multidrug resistance in cancer
Sharwan Gupta, Anuradha Mehra, Rekha Sangwan
Journal of Asian Natural Products Research.2025; 27(2): 107. CrossRef
Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Genetic roles, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy
Zhao Zou, Linhong Zhong
Genes & Diseases.2025; 12(4): 101403. CrossRef
Anti-metastatic potential of flavonoids for the treatment of cancers: focus on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process
Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad, Asokan Vasudevan, Sumaya Nadhim Mohammed, Subasini Uthirapathy, Rekha M. M., Mayank Kundlas, G. V. Siva Prasad, Mukesh Kumari, Yasser Fakri Mustafa, Zainab Ali Hussein
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.2025; 398(11): 14849. CrossRef
Impact of Storage on Bioactive and Toxic Compounds in Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) Tubers: Effects on Thyroid Cancer and Inflammatory Responses
Paweł Paśko, Agnieszka Galanty, Marta Markiewicz, Efren Delgado, Aleksandra Capik, Octavio Paredes-Lopez, Shela Gorinstein
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Post-translational modifications in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: biological mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Linkun Zhong, Huizheng Li, Jianhang Miao, Kuo Zhang, Ling Cui, Zhaohua Wang
Cancer Cell International.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis by natural compounds: a comprehensive and critical review
Sajad Fakhri, Seyed Zachariah Moradi, Farahnaz Faraji, Leila Kooshki, Kassidy Webber, Anupam Bishayee
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews.2024; 43(1): 501. CrossRef
Baicalein Alleviates Arsenic-induced Oxidative Stress through Activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signalling Pathway in Normal Human Liver Cells
Qi Wang, Aihua Zhang
Current Molecular Medicine.2024; 24(3): 355. CrossRef
Natural products reverse cancer multidrug resistance
Jia-Yu Zou, Qi-Lei Chen, Xiao-Ci Luo, Davaadagva Damdinjav, Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen, Hong-Yan Li, Tungalag Battulga, Hu-Biao Chen, Yu-Qing Wang, Jian-Ye Zhang
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring baicalein: A natural flavonoid for enhancing cancer prevention and treatment
Madhu Hegde, Archana P R, Kamalesh Dattaram Mumbrekar
Heliyon.2024; 10(23): e40809. CrossRef
Synergistic Proliferation Effects of Xanthohumol and Niflumic Acid on Merkel and Glioblastoma Cancer Cells: Role of Cell Membrane Interactions
Monika Stompor-Gorący, Aleksandra Włoch, Priti Sengupta, Anna Nasulewicz-Goldeman, Joanna Wietrzyk
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(20): 11015. CrossRef
Identification of novel characteristic biomarkers and immune infiltration profile for the anaplastic thyroid cancer via machine learning algorithms
C. Li, X. Dong, Q. Yuan, G. Xu, Z. Di, Y. Yang, J. Hou, L. Zheng, W. Chen, G. Wu
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2023; 46(8): 1633. CrossRef
Promising Role of the Scutellaria baicalensis Root Hydroxyflavone–Baicalein in the Prevention and Treatment of Human Diseases
Marcelina Chmiel, Monika Stompor-Gorący
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(5): 4732. CrossRef
STEAP1 Knockdown Decreases the Sensitivity of Prostate Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel, Docetaxel and Cabazitaxel
Sandra M. Rocha, Daniel Nascimento, Rafaella S. Coelho, Ana Margarida Cardoso, Luís A. Passarinha, Sílvia Socorro, Cláudio J. Maia
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(7): 6643. CrossRef
Baicalein as Promising Anticancer Agent: A Comprehensive Analysis on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives
A K M Helal Morshed, Supti Paul, Arafat Hossain, Tuli Basak, Md. Sanower Hossain, Md. Mehedi Hasan, Md. Al Hasibuzzaman, Tanjim Ishraq Rahaman, Md. Abdur Rashid Mia, Pollob Shing, Md Sohel, Shabana Bibi, Dipta Dey, Partha Biswas, Md. Nazmul Hasan, Long Ch
Cancers.2023; 15(7): 2128. CrossRef
The role of flavonoids in the regulation of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in cancer: A review on targeting signaling pathways and metastasis
Carina Proença, Marisa Freitas, Daniela Ribeiro, Ana T. Rufino, Eduarda Fernandes, José Miguel P. Ferreira de Oliveira
Medicinal Research Reviews.2023; 43(6): 1878. CrossRef
Developing a ternary conductive hydrogel of polyacrylamide, polyaniline, and carbon nanotube: A potential chemiresistive gas sensor
Mohsen Peykari, Saeed Pourmahdian
Journal of Composite Materials.2023; 57(27): 4291. CrossRef
Inhibiting MEK1 R189 citrullination enhances the chemosensitivity of docetaxel to multiple tumour cells
Teng Xue, Shujia Fei, Jian Gu, Nan Li, Pengxue Zhang, Xiaoqiu Liu, Paul R Thompson, Xuesen Zhang
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Baicalein improves the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer through regulation of CirSLC7A6
Shuqing Li, Zhihui Yi, Mingqing Li, Zhiling Zhu
Journal of Ovarian Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Primary cell cultures for the personalized therapy in aggressive thyroid cancer of follicular origin
Poupak Fallahi, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Giusy Elia, Francesca Ragusa, Armando Patrizio, Sabrina Rosaria Paparo, Gianni Marone, Maria Rosaria Galdiero, Giovanni Guglielmi, Rudy Foddis, Alfonso Cristaudo, Alessandro Antonelli
Seminars in Cancer Biology.2022; 79: 203. CrossRef
Synergistic effects of BAY606583 on docetaxel in esophageal cancer through modulation of ERK1/2
Zinab Mohammadi, Jahanbakhsh Asadi, Seyyed Mehdi Jafari
Cell Biochemistry and Function.2022; 40(6): 569. CrossRef
Regulation of Cell Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs by Baicalein in Different Cancers
Ammad Ahmad Farooqi, Gulnara Kapanova, Sundetgali Kalmakhanov, Gulnur Tanbayeva, Kairat S. Zhakipbekov, Venera S. Rakhmetova, Marat K. Syzdykbayev
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(15): 8377. CrossRef
Crosstalk between xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibiting and cancer chemotherapeutic properties of comestible flavonoids- a comprehensive update
Md Sohanur Rahaman, Md Afjalus Siraj, Md Arman Islam, Prayas Chakma Shanto, Ordha Islam, Md Amirul Islam, Jesus Simal-Gandara
The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2022; 110: 109147. CrossRef
Anticancer effects of natural phytochemicals in anaplastic thyroid cancer (Review)
Yitian Li, Jing Zhang, Huihui Zhou, Zhen Du
Oncology Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The Multifaceted Role of Baicalein in Cancer Management through Modulation of Cell Signalling Pathways
Arshad Husain Rahmani, Ahmad Almatroudi, Amjad Ali Khan, Ali Yousif Babiker, Malak Alanezi, Khaled S. Allemailem
Molecules.2022; 27(22): 8023. CrossRef
Ouabain Effects on Human Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma 8505C Cells
Mariana Pires Teixeira, Natalia Ferreira Haddad, Eliza Freitas Passos, Marcelle Novaes Andrade, Maria Luisa Arantes Campos, Joyle Moreira Carvalho da Silva, Camila Saggioro de Figueiredo, Elizabeth Giestal-de-Araujo, Denise Pires de Carvalho, Leandro Mira
Cancers.2022; 14(24): 6168. CrossRef
Baicalein Represses Cervical Cancer Cell Growth, Cell Cycle Progression and Promotes Apoptosis via Blocking AKT/mTOR Pathway by the Regulation of circHIAT1/miR-19a-3p Axis
Jiaojiao Hu, Runkun Wang, Yi Liu, Jianbo Zhou, Ka Shen, Yun Dai
OncoTargets and Therapy.2021; Volume 14: 905. CrossRef
Phytochemicals in thyroid cancer: analysis of the preclinical studies
Stefania Bulotta, Francesca Capriglione, Marilena Celano, Valeria Pecce, Diego Russo, Valentina Maggisano
Endocrine.2021; 73(1): 8. CrossRef
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in thyroid papillary carcinoma: molecular networks and interactions
Jeehoon Ham, Bin Wang, Joseph William Po, Amandeep Singh, Navin Niles, Cheok Soon Lee
Journal of Clinical Pathology.2021; 74(12): 759. CrossRef
Clinical Study of Virtual Reality Augmented Technology Combined with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Assessment of Thyroid Cancer
Qinghua Liu, Jian Cheng, Jingjing Li, Lei Liu, Hongbo Li, Zhihan Lv
Journal of Healthcare Engineering.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Potential of baicalein in the prevention and treatment of cancer: A scientometric analyses based review
Elika Verma, Aviral Kumar, Uzini Devi Daimary, Dey Parama, Sosmitha Girisa, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
Journal of Functional Foods.2021; 86: 104660. CrossRef
E-cadherin on epithelial–mesenchymal transition in thyroid cancer
Xiaoyu Zhu, Xiaoping Wang, Yifei Gong, Junlin Deng
Cancer Cell International.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Combinatorial Therapies in Thyroid Cancer: An Overview of Preclinical and Clinical Progresses
Gheysen Laetitia, Saussez Sven, Journe Fabrice
Cells.2020; 9(4): 830. CrossRef
Preclinical and clinical combination therapies in the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer
Daniela Gentile, Paola Orlandi, Marta Banchi, Guido Bocci
Medical Oncology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Interleukin-22 enhances chemoresistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells to paclitaxel
Zhiliang Huang, Yu Gao, Dianchen Hou
Human Cell.2020; 33(3): 850. CrossRef
Plant natural products with anti-thyroid cancer activity
Javad Sharifi-Rad, Sadegh Rajabi, Miquel Martorell, Maria Dolores López, María Trinidad Toro, Susi Barollo, Decio Armanini, Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou, Giuseppe Zagotto, Giovanni Ribaudo, Raffaele Pezzani
Fitoterapia.2020; 146: 104640. CrossRef
Baicalein: A metabolite with promising antineoplastic activity
Hardeep Singh Tuli, Vaishali Aggarwal, Jagjit Kaur, Diwakar Aggarwal, Gaurav Parashar, Nidarshana Chaturvedi Parashar, Muobarak Tuorkey, Ginpreet Kaur, Raj Savla, Katrin Sak, Manoj Kumar
Life Sciences.2020; 259: 118183. CrossRef
Impact of Antioxidant Natural Compounds on the Thyroid Gland and Implication of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
Ana Paunkov, Dionysios V. Chartoumpekis, Panos G. Ziros, Niki Chondrogianni, Thomas W. Kensler, Gerasimos P. Sykiotis
Current Pharmaceutical Design.2019; 25(16): 1828. CrossRef
Reversal of Multidrug Resistance in Cancer by Multi-Functional Flavonoids
Qingmei Ye, Kai Liu, Qun Shen, Qingyue Li, Jinghui Hao, Fangxuan Han, Ren-Wang Jiang
Frontiers in Oncology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Inhibition of Cancer Stem-Like Phenotype by Curcumin and Deguelin in CAL-62 Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells
Mehmet A. Kocdor, Hakan Cengiz, Halil Ates, Hilal Kocdor
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry.2019; 19(15): 1887. CrossRef
Induction of apoptotic but not autophagic cell death by Cinnamomum cassia extracts on human oral cancer cells
Ching‐Han Yu, Shu‐Chen Chu, Shun‐Fa Yang, Yih‐Shou Hsieh, Chih‐Yi Lee, Pei‐Ni Chen
Journal of Cellular Physiology.2019; 234(4): 5289. CrossRef
Licochalcone A induces apoptotic cell death via JNK/p38 activation in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Chun‐Yi Chuang, Cheng‐Ming Tang, Hsin‐Yu Ho, Chung‐Han Hsin, Chia‐Jui Weng, Shun‐Fa Yang, Pei‐Ni Chen, Chiao‐Wen Lin
Environmental Toxicology.2019; 34(7): 853. CrossRef
Rab23 contributes to the progression of colorectal cancer via protein kinase B and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase signaling pathways
Tongbi Zhao, Dong Han, Huan Meng
Oncology Letters.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

Endocrine Research
Macrophage Densities Correlated with CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Expression and Related with Poor Survival in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: Dae In Kim, Eunyoung Kim, Young A Kim, Sun Wook Cho, Jung Ah Lim, Young Joo Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2016;31(3):469-475. Published online August 2, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.3.469

8,445 View
57 Download
28 Web of Science
24 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) have emerged as potential biomarkers in various human cancers. The aims of this study were to investigate the clinical characteristics of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) patients according to the TAM numbers in the tumor tissue, and to evaluate the associations between CXCR4 expressions and macrophage densities in ATC tumor microenvironment.

Methods

Total 14 ATC samples from thyroid tissue microarray were used. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using anti-CD163 and anti-CXCR4 antibodies. According to the immunoreactivity of CD163, all subjects were divided into two groups: low-CD163 (n=8) and high-CD163 (n=6) groups.

Results

The mean diagnostic age was 65±7 years and the median tumor size was 4.3 cm, ranging 2.5 to 15 cm. Clinicopathological characteristics were not significantly different between low-CD163 and high-CD163 groups, while age of diagnosis was younger in high-CD163 group than that of low-CD163 group with marginal significance (56.9±5.5 years vs. 67.5±6.8 years, P=0.09). However, overall survival was significantly reduced in high-CD163 group (5.5 months [range, 1 to 10]) compared with low-CD163 groups (8.8 months [range, 6 to 121); log-rank test, P=0.0443). Moreover, high-CD163 group showed strong CXCR4 expressions in both cancer and stromal compartments, while low-CD163 group showed relatively weak, stromal-dominant CXCR4 expressions. Additionally, CD163 and CXCR4 expressions showed a strong positive correlation (γ²=0.432, P=0.013).

Conclusion

Increased number of TAMs showed poor overall survival in ATC, suggesting TAMs are potentially a prognostic biomarker for ATC. CXCR4 expression was significantly correlated with CD163-positive TAM densities, which suggest the possible role of CXCR4 in TAM recruitments.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Cancer Stemness and Dedifferentiation in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Insights into a Multigenic, Microenvironmental Network and the Role of CD44
Benny Mosoane, Brandon S. Jackson, Michelle McCabe, Tebogo Marutha, Zodwa Dlamini
Biomedicines.2026; 14(2): 453. CrossRef
HN1/CEBPB/CCL2 signaling shapes VSIG4+ tumor-associated macrophages in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Ziwen Fang, Ying Li, Xiaoping Hu, Jinming Chen, Zixue Xuan, Shanshan Wang, Rui Zhao, Ruidan Zhang, Yixuan Wang, Ping Huang, Jiafeng Wang, Zongfu Pan
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease.2026; 1872(7): 168303. CrossRef
Routine Blood Tests as Predictive Tools for Differentiating Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma From Follicular Adenoma
Jiaxi Wang, Jingwei Wang, Hanqing Liu, Chuang Chen
International Journal of General Medicine.2025; Volume 18: 733. CrossRef
Anaplastic thyroid cancer: Genetic roles, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy
Zhao Zou, Linhong Zhong
Genes & Diseases.2025; 12(4): 101403. CrossRef
Turning tumor microenvironmental foes to friends: A new opportunity for thyroid cancer therapy and redifferentiation
Liya Zhu, Xiuli Jing, Byeong-Cheol Ahn
Oral Oncology.2025; 168: 107513. CrossRef
Expression of Sodium Iodide Symporter in Breast Cancer Tissue after Thyroid Cancer
Ye An Kim, Hye Sook Min, Hwa Young Ahn, Young A Kim, Young Joo Park
International Journal of Thyroidology.2025; 18(2): 157. CrossRef
Emerging therapeutic options for follicular-derived thyroid cancer in the era of immunotherapy
Naimah Turner, Sarah Hamidi, Rim Ouni, Rene Rico, Ying C. Henderson, Maria Puche, Sayan Alekseev, Jocelynn G. Colunga-Minutti, Mark E. Zafereo, Stephen Y. Lai, Sang T. Kim, Maria E. Cabanillas, Roza Nurieva
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Immune microenvironment in papillary thyroid carcinoma: roles of immune cells and checkpoints in disease progression and therapeutic implications
Xun Zheng, Ruonan Sun, Tao Wei
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
IL2RA+VSIG4+ tumor-associated macrophage is a key subpopulation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in anaplastic thyroid cancer
Zongfu Pan, Lisha Bao, Xixuan Lu, Xiaoping Hu, Lu Li, Jinming Chen, Tiefeng Jin, Yiwen Zhang, Zhuo Tan, Ping Huang, Minghua Ge
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease.2023; 1869(1): 166591. CrossRef
Crosstalk between Thyroid Carcinoma and Tumor-Correlated Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment
Mingyuan Song, Qi Liu, Wei Sun, Hao Zhang
Cancers.2023; 15(10): 2863. CrossRef
Modeling the tumor microenvironment of anaplastic thyroid cancer: an orthotopic tumor model in C57BL/6 mice
Zhen Xu, Hyo Shik Shin, Yoo Hyung Kim, Seong Yun Ha, Jae-Kyung Won, Su-jin Kim, Young Joo Park, Sareh Parangi, Sun Wook Cho, Kyu Eun Lee
Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Tumor-associated macrophages as a potential therapeutic target in thyroid cancers
Liya Zhu, Xiu Juan Li, Prakash Gangadaran, Xiuli Jing, Byeong-Cheol Ahn
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy.2023; 72(12): 3895. CrossRef
Functional Phenotypes of Peritoneal Macrophages Upon AMD3100 Treatment During Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis
Shuai Wu, Weiwei Luo, Xing Wu, Zhaohua Shen, Xiaoyan Wang
Frontiers in Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Integrated analysis of novel macrophage related signature in anaplastic thyroid cancer
Yi Luo, Yi-Chen Yang, Ben Ma, Wei-Bo Xu, Tian Liao, Yu Wang
Endocrine.2022; 78(3): 517. CrossRef
Secreted Factors by Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells Induce Tumor-Promoting M2-like Macrophage Polarization through a TIM3-Dependent Mechanism
Cinthia Carolina Stempin, Romina Celeste Geysels, Sunmi Park, Luz Maria Palacios, Ximena Volpini, Claudia Cristina Motran, Eva Virginia Acosta Rodríguez, Juan Pablo Nicola, Sheue-yann Cheng, Claudia Gabriela Pellizas, Laura Fozzatti
Cancers.2021; 13(19): 4821. CrossRef
Immunotherapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: the present and future
Xixuan LU, Lisha BAO, Zongfu PAN, Minghua GE
Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences).2021; 50(6): 675. CrossRef
CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction in diseases and its molecular approaches in targeted-therapy
Ashraf Mousavi
Immunology Letters.2020; 217: 91. CrossRef
Nobiletin Alone or in Combination with Cisplatin Decreases the Viability of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines
Diana P. Sousa, Marta Pojo, Ana T. Pinto, Valeriano Leite, Ana Teresa Serra, Branca M. Cavaco
Nutrition and Cancer.2020; 72(2): 352. CrossRef
The Thyroid Tumor Microenvironment: Potential Targets for Therapeutic Intervention and Prognostication
Laura MacDonald, Jonathan Jenkins, Grace Purvis, Joshua Lee, Aime T. Franco
Hormones and Cancer.2020; 11(5-6): 205. CrossRef
Mouse Models as a Tool for Understanding Progression in BrafV600E-Driven Thyroid Cancers
Iñigo Landa, Jeffrey A. Knauf
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2019; 34(1): 11. CrossRef
Low Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratios Are Associated with Poor Overall Survival in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Patients
Jonghwa Ahn, Eyun Song, Hye-Seon Oh, Dong Eun Song, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Min Ji Jeon
Thyroid®.2019; 29(6): 824. CrossRef
Targeting CD47 in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Enhances Tumor Phagocytosis by Macrophages and Is a Promising Therapeutic Strategy
Christian M. Schürch, Matthias A. Roelli, Stefan Forster, Marie-Hélène Wasmer, Frido Brühl, Renaud S. Maire, Sergio Di Pancrazio, Marc-David Ruepp, Roland Giger, Aurel Perren, Anja M. Schmitt, Philippe Krebs, Roch-Philippe Charles, Matthias S. Dettmer
Thyroid®.2019; 29(7): 979. CrossRef
Recent advances and emerging therapies in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Maria E. Cabanillas, Mark Zafereo, Michelle D. Williams, Renata Ferrarotto, Ramona Dadu, Neil Gross, G. Brandon Gunn, Heath Skinner, Gilbert Cote, Horiana B. Grosu, Priyanka Iyer, Naifa L. Busaidy
F1000Research.2018; 7: 87. CrossRef
Pathological processes and therapeutic advances in radioiodide refractory thyroid cancer
Marika H Tesselaar, Johannes W Smit, James Nagarajah, Romana T Netea-Maier, Theo S Plantinga
Journal of Molecular Endocrinology.2017; 59(4): R141. CrossRef

Endocrine Research
Selective Mitochondrial Uptake of MKT-077 Can Suppress Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Survival In Vitro and In Vivo: Dmytro Starenki, Jong-In Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(4):593-603. Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.593

7,818 View
44 Download
19 Web of Science
18 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a neuroendocrine tumor mainly caused by mutations in the rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene. Not all patients with progressive MTC respond to current therapy inhibiting RET, demanding additional therapeutic strategies. We recently demonstrated that disrupting mitochondrial metabolism using a mitochondria-targeted agent or by depleting a mitochondrial chaperone effectively suppressed human MTC cells in culture and in mouse xenografts by inducing apoptosis and RET downregulation. These observations led us to hypothesize that mitochondria are potential therapeutic targets for MTC. This study further tests this hypothesis using1-ethyl-2-[[3-ethyl-5-(3-methylbenzothiazolin-2-yliden)]-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidenemethyl] pyridinium chloride (MKT-077), a water-soluble rhodocyanine dye analogue, which can selectively accumulate in mitochondria.

Methods

The effects of MKT-077 on cell proliferation, survival, expression of RET and tumor protein 53 (TP53), and mitochondrial activity were determined in the human MTC lines in culture and in mouse xenografts.

Results

MKT-077 induced cell cycle arrest in TT and MZ-CRC-1. Intriguingly, MKT-077 also induced RET downregulation and strong cell death responses in TT cells, but not in MZ-CRC-1 cells. This discrepancy was mainly due to the difference between the capacities of these cell lines to retain MKT-077 in mitochondria. The cytotoxicity of MKT-077 in TT cells was mainly attributed to oxidative stress while being independent of TP53. MKT-077 also effectively suppressed tumor growth of TT xenografts.

Conclusion

MKT-077 can suppress cell survival of certain MTC subtypes by accumulating in mitochondria and interfering with mitochondrial activity although it can also suppress cell proliferation via other mechanisms. These results consistently support the hypothesis that mitochondrial targeting has therapeutic potential for MTC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Synthesis, characterization and antioxidant activity of luminescent thiazolylidenthiazolidinones
Boutheyna Oudini, Meriem-Karima Boukanoun, Joana R.M. Ferreira, Soufiane Benreka, Fatiha Madi, Gilbert Kirsch, Artur M.S. Silva, Samuel Guieu, Souad Kasmi-Mir
Journal of Molecular Structure.2026; 1354: 144830. CrossRef
Critical role for heat shock protein 70 in viral replication of ALV-J via interaction with gp37 and P32
Kensi Zhu, Yanling Pang, Zhihong Luo, Hanyue Zhang, Shuang Tang, Jinjie Liang, Yuecheng Long, Wencheng Lin
Veterinary Microbiology.2025; 303: 110436. CrossRef
The dual-function of HSP70 in immune response and tumor immunity: from molecular regulation to therapeutic innovations
Beining Zhang, Ruiqun Qi
Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Immunoexpression of HSPA9 and CUL2 in prostatic tissue and adenocarcinoma
Carlos Gustavo Hirth, Gislane Rocha Vasconcelos, Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Saldanha da Cunha, Carlos Heli Bezerra Leite, Conceição Aparecida Dornelas
Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.2022; 56: 151843. CrossRef
Analogs of the Heat Shock Protein 70 Inhibitor MKT-077 Suppress Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells
Seung-Keun Hong, Dmytro Starenki, Oleta T. Johnson, Jason E. Gestwicki, Jong-In Park
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(3): 1063. CrossRef
Effect of F16-Betulin Conjugate on Mitochondrial Membranes and Its Role in Cell Death Initiation
Mikhail V. Dubinin, Alena A. Semenova, Darya A. Nedopekina, Eldar V. Davletshin, Anna Yu. Spivak, Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
Membranes.2021; 11(5): 352. CrossRef
A BAG's life: Every connection matters in cancer
Elena Mariotto, Giampietro Viola, Carlo Zanon, Sanja Aveic
Pharmacology & Therapeutics.2020; 209: 107498. CrossRef
Emerging insights into mitochondria-specific targeting and drug delivering strategies: Recent milestones and therapeutic implications
Sugapriya Dhanasekaran, Divya Venugopal, Noura Al-Dayan, Vijaya Ravinayagam, Arif Ahmed Mohammed
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2020; 27(12): 3581. CrossRef
Growth Inhibitory Signaling of the Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway
Pui-Kei Wu, Andrew Becker, Jong-In Park
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(15): 5436. CrossRef
Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs): A Novel Target for Cancer Metastasis Prevention
Vinayak Narayanankutty , Arunaksharan Narayanankutty, Anusree Nair
Current Drug Targets.2019; 20(7): 727. CrossRef
Токсичність МАРК у карциномах щитоподібної залози. Механізми пригнічення сигнального каскаду (огляд літератури та власних даних)
B. B. Guda, V. V. Pushkarev, O. I. Kovzun, V. P. Pushkarev, M. D. Tronko
Шпитальна хірургія. Журнал імені Л. Я. Ковальчука.2019; (3): 84. CrossRef
Mortalin (GRP75/HSPA9) Promotes Survival and Proliferation of Thyroid Carcinoma Cells
Dmytro Starenki, Nadiya Sosonkina, Seung-Keun Hong, Ricardo V. Lloyd, Jong-In Park
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(9): 2069. CrossRef
Mitochondrial autophagosomes as a mechanism of drug resistance in breast carcinoma
Ayman N. Abunimer, Heba Mohammed, Katherine L. Cook, David R. Soto-Pantoja, Maria Mercedes Campos, Mones S. Abu-Asab
Ultrastructural Pathology.2018; 42(2): 170. CrossRef
Genotoxic Responses of Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption Rate and Mitochondrial Semiquinone Radicals in Tumor Cells
Kumiko Yamamoto, Hironobu Yasui, Tomoki Bo, Tohru Yamamori, Wakako Hiraoka, Toshihide Yamasaki, Ken-ichi Yamada, Osamu Inanami
Applied Magnetic Resonance.2018; 49(8): 837. CrossRef
Suppression of B-RafV600E melanoma cell survival by targeting mitochondria using triphenyl-phosphonium-conjugated nitroxide or ubiquinone
Seung-Keun Hong, Dmytro Starenki, Pui-Kei Wu, Jong-In Park
Cancer Biology & Therapy.2017; 18(2): 106. CrossRef
Mitochondria chaperone GRP75 moonlighting as a cell cycle controller to derail endocytosis provides an opportunity for nanomicrosphere intracellular delivery
Zhihui Gao, Xiuran Niu, Qing Zhang, Hang Chen, Aiai Gao, Shanshan Qi, Rong Xiang, Mattias Belting, Sihe Zhang
Oncotarget.2017; 8(35): 58536. CrossRef
Targeted Therapy for Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Review
S. R. Priya, Chandra Shekhar Dravid, Raghunadharao Digumarti, Mitali Dandekar
Frontiers in Oncology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Vandetanib and cabozantinib potentiate mitochondria-targeted agents to suppress medullary thyroid carcinoma cells
Dmytro Starenki, Seung-Keun Hong, Pui-Kei Wu, Jong-In Park
Cancer Biology & Therapy.2017; 18(7): 473. CrossRef

Namgok Lecture 2014

Thyroid
A Closer Look at Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Won Bae Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(1):1-6. Published online March 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.1.1

8,643 View
50 Download
31 Web of Science
32 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Recent surge of thyroid cancer, especially papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), ignited a debate on over-diagnosis of cancer. Such increase in incidence is a worldwide phenomenon, but it has been the most prominent in Korea. Although increased detection might have played a major role, some evidences suggest that true increase in incidence have also contributed to such phenomenon. PTC is a very common disease being the most common cancer in human. As the mortality due to PTC is relatively low, understanding pathophysiology of the disease and risk prediction in individual patient have particular importance for optimal management, but little has been known. I suggest a reason for such a commonality of PTC, and would like to describe my view on some aspects of PTC including unresolved issue on management based on our recent observations.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparative Prognostic Analysis of the Tall Cell Subtype of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With the Conventional Subtype Following the WHO 2022 Revision: An Indian Cohort Study
Jameera Nazer, Smitha NV, Usha Menon, Krishnakumar Thankappan
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Predictors of lateral lymph node metastasis and skip metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Jee Hee Yoon, Ji Yong Park, A Ram Hong, Hee Kyung Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Incidence of thyroid cancer in Abu Dhabi, UAE: A registry-based study
Eiman Alseddeeqi, Ajda Altinoz, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Abubaker Suliman, Luai A. Ahmed
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2023; 19(2): 321. CrossRef
Organochlorine pesticides induce thyroid tumors through oxidative stress; an in vivo and in silico study
Fouzieh Salimi, Gholamreza Asadikaram, Moslem Abolhassani, Yasin Pourfarjam, Hamid Zeynali Nejad, Mojtaba Abbasi-Jorjandi, Mojgan Sanjari
Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2023; 30(15): 45046. CrossRef
Appraisal of cytohistomorphology of papillary carcinoma thyroid and its variants with evaluation of discrepant cases
Supreetha Megalamane, Hemalatha Anatharamiah, C. S. B. R. Prasad
Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth.2022; 15(6): 877. CrossRef
Microwave Ablation versus Surgery for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: More Therapeutic Options, More Controversies
Eric vanSonnenberg, Joseph F. Simeone
Radiology.2022; 304(3): 714. CrossRef
PSHG-TISS: A collection of polarization-resolved second harmonic generation microscopy images of fixed tissues
Radu Hristu, Stefan G. Stanciu, Adrian Dumitru, Lucian G. Eftimie, Bogdan Paun, Denis E. Tranca, Pavel Gheorghita, Mariana Costache, George A. Stanciu
Scientific Data.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical implications of age and excellent response to therapy in patients with high‐risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Meihua Jin, Jonghwa Ahn, Yu‐Mi Lee, Tae‐Yon Sung, Dong Eun Song, Tae Yong Kim, Ki‐Wook Chung, Jin‐Sook Ryu, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim
Clinical Endocrinology.2021; 95(6): 882. CrossRef
Level V Lateral Neck Dissection in FNA-proven Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Mohamad S Farahat, Mohamed K Kamel, Doaa A Saad, Hosam M Hamza
World Journal of Endocrine Surgery.2021; 13(1): 4. CrossRef
SREBP1 as a potential biomarker predicts levothyroxine efficacy of differentiated thyroid cancer
Cuilin Li, Xiaowei Peng, Jing Lv, Hecun Zou, Jianqiu Liu, Ke Zhang, Zhi Li
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2020; 123: 109791. CrossRef
A‐kinase interacting protein 1 as a potential biomarker of advanced tumor features and increased recurrence risk in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients
Luqing Zhang, Haiying Tao, Kongliang Ke, Cui Ma
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
A miRNA-clinicopathological nomogram for the prediction of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma-analysis from TCGA database
Mingjun Wang, Rongjing Li, Xiuhe Zou, Tao Wei, Rixiang Gong, Jingqiang Zhu, Zhihui Li
Medicine.2020; 99(35): e21996. CrossRef
Clinical Outcomes of N1b Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients Treated with Two Different Doses of Radioiodine Ablation Therapy
Meihua Jin, Jonghwa Ahn, Yu-Mi Lee, Tae-Yon Sung, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Jin-Sook Ryu, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Min Ji Jeon
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(3): 602. CrossRef
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Ethanol Ablation for the Management of Recurrent Thyroid Cancer: Evaluation of Efficacy and Impact on Disease Course
Santiago Tofé, Iñaki Argüelles, Guillermo Serra, Honorato García, Antonia Barcelo, Vicente Pereg
International Journal of Thyroidology.2020; 13(2): 128. CrossRef
Synergistic repression of thyroid hyperplasia by cyclin C and Pten
Jan Jezek, Kun Wang, Ruilan Yan, Antonio Di Cristofano, Katrina F. Cooper, Randy Strich
Journal of Cell Science.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship between ultrasonographic and pathologic calcification patterns in papillary thyroid cancer
Bu Kyung Kim, Eun Mi Lee, Jeong Hoon Kim, So Young Oak, Su Kyoung Kwon, Young Sik Choi, Young Ok Kim
Medicine.2018; 97(41): e12675. CrossRef
Tiam1 promotes thyroid carcinoma metastasis by modulating EMT via Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Lin Liu, Bo Wu, Haidong Cai, Dan Li, Yushui Ma, Xuchao Zhu, Zhongwei Lv, Youben Fan, Xiaoping Zhang
Experimental Cell Research.2018; 362(2): 532. CrossRef
Young Age and Male Sex Are Predictors of Large-Volume Central Neck Lymph Node Metastasis in Clinical N0 Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinomas
Hye-Seon Oh, Suyeon Park, Mijin Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Eyun Song, Tae-Yon Sung, Yu-Mi Lee, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim, Min Ji Jeon
Thyroid®.2017; 27(10): 1285. CrossRef
Lack of Efficacy of Radioiodine Remnant Ablation for Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: Verification Using Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting
Hyemi Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Suyeon Park, Mijin Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Minkyu Han, Dong Eun Song, Tae-Yon Sung, Jong Ho Yoon, Suck Joon Hong, Jin-Sook Ryu, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
Annals of Surgical Oncology.2017; 24(9): 2596. CrossRef
Genetic Alterations and Their Clinical Implications in High-Recurrence Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Min-Young Lee, Bo Mi Ku, Hae Su Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Sung Hee Lim, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Keunchil Park, Young Lyun Oh, Mineui Hong, Han-Sin Jeong, Young-Ik Son, Chung-Hwan Baek, Myung-Ju Ahn
Cancer Research and Treatment.2017; 49(4): 906. CrossRef
Long-term outcomes of ethanol injection therapy for locally recurrent papillary thyroid cancer
Soo Young Kim, Seok-Mo Kim, Hojin Chang, Bup-Woo Kim, Chi Young Lim, Yong Sang Lee, Hang-Seok Chang, Cheong Soo Park
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2017; 274(9): 3497. CrossRef
Active Surveillance for Patients With Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Single Center’s Experience in Korea
Hyemi Kwon, Hye-Seon Oh, Mijin Kim, Suyeon Park, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Dong Eun Song, Jung Hwan Baek, Ki-Wook Chung, Tae Yong Kim
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2017; 102(6): 1917. CrossRef
Preoperative clinicopathological characteristics of patients with solitary encapsulated follicular variants of papillary thyroid carcinomas
Hyemi Kwon, Min Ji Jeon, Jong Ho Yoon, Suck Joon Hong, Jeong Hyun Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim, Won Gu Kim, Dong Eun Song
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2017; 116(6): 746. CrossRef
Does the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Increase in Thyroid Cancer Survivors?
Min-Hee Kim, Jin-young Huh, Dong-jun Lim, Moo-Il Kang
Thyroid®.2017; 27(7): 936. CrossRef
Features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma associated with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis
Min Ji Jeon, Mi Sun Chung, Hyemi Kwon, Mijin Kim, Suyeon Park, Jung Hwan Baek, Dong Eun Song, Tae‐Yon Sung, Suck Joon Hong, Tae Yong Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Jeong Hyun Lee, Won Gu Kim
Clinical Endocrinology.2017; 86(6): 845. CrossRef
Clinical Analysis of Elderly Thyroid Cancer Patients Following Thyroidect
Keun Hee Lee, Hak Hoon Jun, Jong Woo Kim, Seung Ki Kim, Jin Hyung Heo
Korean Journal of Endocrine Surgery.2016; 16(4): 89. CrossRef
Changing trends in the clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes of medullary thyroid carcinoma
Hyemi Kwon, Won Gu Kim, Tae‐Yon Sung, Min Ji Jeon, Dong Eun Song, Yu‐Mi Lee, Jong Ho Yoon, Ki‐Wook Chung, Suck Joon Hong, Jung Hwan Baek, Jeong Hyun Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2016; 113(2): 152. CrossRef
Coexistence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in a context of Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Saul Levy-Blitchtein, Stefany Plasencia-Rebata, Domingo Morales Luna, Juana del Valle Mendoza
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2016; 9(8): 812. CrossRef
Clinical Analysis of Elderly Thyroid Cancer Patients Following Thyroidect
Keun Hee Lee, Hak Hoon Jun, Jong Woo Kim, Seung Ki Kim, Jin Hyung Heo
Korean Journal of Endocrine Surgery.2016; 16(4): 89. CrossRef
Aberrant Activation of Notch Signaling Inhibits PROX1 Activity to Enhance the Malignant Behavior of Thyroid Cancer Cells
Dongwon Choi, Swapnika Ramu, Eunkyung Park, Eunson Jung, Sara Yang, Wonhyeuk Jung, Inho Choi, Sunju Lee, Kyu Eui Kim, Young Jin Seong, Mingu Hong, George Daghlian, Daniel Kim, Eugene Shin, Jung In Seo, Vicken Khatchadourian, Mengchen Zou, Wei Li, Roger De
Cancer Research.2016; 76(3): 582. CrossRef
Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis
Sunghwan Suh
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2015; 30(1): 45. CrossRef
Administration of Radioactive Iodine Therapy Within 1 Year After Total Thyroidectomy Does Not Affect Vocal Function
Chang Hwan Ryu, Junsun Ryu, Youn Mi Ryu, You Jin Lee, Eun-Kyung Lee, Seok-Ki Kim, Tae-Sung Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Chang Yoon Lee, Seog Yun Park, Ki Wook Chung, Yuh-S. Jung
Journal of Nuclear Medicine.2015; 56(10): 1480. CrossRef

Case Report

Thyroid
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma with Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Syndrome: Hong Seok Choi, Min Joo Kim, Chae Ho Moon, Jong Ho Yoon, Ha Ra Ku, Geon Wook Kang, Im Il Na, Seung-Sook Lee, Byung-Chul Lee, Young Joo Park, Hong Il Kim, Yun Hyi Ku; Endocrinol Metab. 2014;29(1):96-100. Published online March 14, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.1.96

7,533 View
49 Download
5 Web of Science
7 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome is caused most frequently by a bronchial carcinoid tumor or by small cell lung cancer. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare etiology of ectopic ACTH syndrome. We describe a case of Cushing syndrome due to ectopic ACTH production from MTC in a 48-year-old male. He was diagnosed with MTC 14 years ago and underwent total thyroidectomy, cervical lymph node dissection and a series of metastasectomies. MTC was confirmed by the pathological examination of the thyroid and metastatic mediastinal lymph node tissues. Two years after his last surgery, he developed Cushingoid features, such as moon face and central obesity, accompanied by uncontrolled hypertension and new-onset diabetes. The laboratory results were compatible with ectopic ACTH syndrome. A bilateral adrenalectomy improved the clinical and laboratory findings that were associated with Cushing syndrome. This is the first confirmed case of ectopic ACTH syndrome caused by MTC in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A unique case of severe ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome due to ectopic corticotropin production by medullary thyroid carcinoma
N. I. Timofeeva, R. A. Chernikov, I. V. Sleptsov, V. F. Rusakov, D. V. Rebrova, S. L. Vorobyev, T. S. Pridvizhkina, A. A. Semenov, M. A. Alexeev, A. U. Kulikov
Problems of Endocrinology.2025; 71(3): 25. CrossRef
Medullary thyroid carcinoma with ACHT-dependent Cushing's syndrome: Therapeutic possibilities
Dušan Ilić, Sanja Ognjanović, Bojana Popović, Valentina Elezović-Kovačević, Milica Opalić-Palibrk, Lena Radić, Katarina Krstić, Đuro Macut
Medicinski glasnik Specijalne bolnice za bolesti štitaste žlezde i bolesti metabolizma.2024; 29(93): 46. CrossRef
Endocrine Perspective of Cutaneous Lichen Amyloidosis: RET-C634 Pathogenic Variant in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2
Alexandru-Florin Florescu, Oana-Claudia Sima, Claudiu Nistor, Mihai-Lucian Ciobica, Mihai Costachescu, Mihaela Stanciu, Denisa Tanasescu, Florina Ligia Popa, Mara Carsote
Clinics and Practice.2024; 14(6): 2284. CrossRef
Medullary Thyroid Cancer with Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Detailed Cases from the Literature
Andrea Corsello, Vittoria Ramunno, Pietro Locantore, Giovanni Pacini, Esther Diana Rossi, Francesco Torino, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Carmela De Crea, Rosa Maria Paragliola, Marco Raffaelli, Salvatore Maria Corsello
Thyroid®.2022; 32(11): 1281. CrossRef
Mucosal Neuroma Cues for Endocrine Emergency Treatment
Gyu Gang Choi, Hwan Jin Lee, Hyo Jin Han, Young Beom Jeong, Heung Bum Lee, Ji Hyun Park
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(6): 1312. CrossRef
Articles in 'Endocrinology and Metabolism' in 2014
Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2015; 30(1): 47. CrossRef
Rapid response of hypercortisolism to vandetanib treatment in a patient with advanced medullary thyroid cancer and ectopic Cushing syndrome
Fabián Pitoia, Fernanda Bueno, Angélica Schmidt, Sabrina Lucas, Graciela Cross
Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism.2015; 59(4): 343. CrossRef

Original Article

Predictive Factors for Incidental Contralateral Carcinoma in Patients with Unilateral Micropapillary Thyroid Carcinoma.: Jung Eun Huh, Sang Soo Kim, Ji Hyun Kang, Bo Gwang Choi, Byung Joo Lee, Jin Choon Lee, Yun Kyung Jeon, Bo Hyun Kim, Soo Geun Wang, Yong Ki Kim, In Joo Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2012;27(3):194-199. Published online September 19, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2012.27.3.194

55,713 View
23 Download
1 Crossref

Search