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3 "Follicle stimulating hormone"
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Original Article
Development of a Long-Acting Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Using Serum Albumin Fab-Associated Technology for Female Infertility
Daham Kim, Yoon Hee Cho, Min Jeong Kang, So Jeong Lee, Soohyun Lee, Bo Hyon Yun, Hyunjin Chi, Jeongsuk An, Kyungsun Lee, Jaekyu Han, Susan Chi, Moo Young Song, Sang-Hoon Cha, Eun Jig Lee
Received July 4, 2024  Accepted September 11, 2024  Published online December 4, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2090    [Epub ahead of print]
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  • 35 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
Recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (rhFSH) is commonly used to treat female infertility, but its short half-life necessitates multiple doses. Even corifollitropin alfa, with an extended half-life, requires supplementary injections of rhFSH after 7 days. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a long-acting follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) formulation using anti-serum albumin Fab-associated (SAFA) technology to avoid additional injections and enhance ovarian function.
Methods
SAFA-FSH was synthesized using a Chinese hamster ovary expression system. Its biological efficacy was confirmed through assays measuring its ability to stimulate cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production, estradiol synthesis, and the expression of human cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (hCYP19α1) and human steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (hSTAR) in human ovarian granulosa (KGN) cells. To evaluate the effects of SAFA-FSH, we compared its impact on serum estradiol levels and ovarian weight increase with that of rhFSH in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats using the modified Steelman-Pohley test.
Results
The results indicated that SAFA-FSH induces cAMP synthesis in KGN cells and upregulates the expression of hCYP19α1 and hSTAR in a dose-dependent manner. Female SD rats, aged 21 days, receiving daily subcutaneous human chorionic gonadotropin injections for 5 days exhibited a significant increase in serum estradiol levels and ovarian weight when administered SAFA-FSH on the first day or when given nine injections of rhFSH over 5 days. Notably, the group receiving SAFA-FSH on the first and third days demonstrated an even greater rise in serum estradiol levels and ovarian weight.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that SAFA-FSH presents a promising alternative to current rhFSH treatments for female infertility. However, further research is essential to thoroughly assess its safety and efficacy in clinical contexts.
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Review Article
Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
Independent Skeletal Actions of Pituitary Hormones
Se-Min Kim, Farhath Sultana, Funda Korkmaz, Daria Lizneva, Tony Yuen, Mone Zaidi
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(5):719-731.   Published online September 28, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1573
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  • 8 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Over the past years, pituitary hormones and their receptors have been shown to have non-traditional actions that allow them to bypass the hypothalamus-pituitary-effector glands axis. Bone cells—osteoblasts and osteoclasts—express receptors for growth hormone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), prolactin, oxytocin, and vasopressin. Independent skeletal actions of pituitary hormones on bone have been studied using genetically modified mice with haploinsufficiency and by activating or inactivating the receptors pharmacologically, without altering systemic effector hormone levels. On another front, the discovery of a TSH variant (TSH-βv) in immune cells in the bone marrow and skeletal action of FSHβ through tumor necrosis factor α provides new insights underscoring the integrated physiology of bone-immune-endocrine axis. Here we discuss the interaction of each pituitary hormone with bone and the potential it holds in understanding bone physiology and as a therapeutic target.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Cushing’s disease and bone
    Aleksandra Zdrojowy-Wełna, Barbara Stachowska, Marek Bolanowski
    Pituitary.2024; 27(6): 837.     CrossRef
  • Skeletal fragility in pituitary disease: how can we predict fracture risk?
    Fabio Bioletto, Alessandro Maria Berton, Marco Barale, Luigi Simone Aversa, Lorenzo Sauro, Michela Presti, Francesca Mocellini, Noemi Sagone, Ezio Ghigo, Massimo Procopio, Silvia Grottoli
    Pituitary.2024; 27(6): 789.     CrossRef
  • Role of oxytocin in bone
    Tianming Wang, Jianya Ye, Yongqiang Zhang, Jiayi Li, Tianxiao Yang, Yufeng Wang, Xiao Jiang, Qingqiang Yao
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Plasma proteomic profiles reveal proteins and three characteristic patterns associated with osteoporosis: A prospective cohort study
    Yi Zheng, Jincheng Li, Yucan Li, Jiacheng Wang, Chen Suo, Yanfeng Jiang, Li Jin, Kelin Xu, Xingdong Chen
    Journal of Advanced Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Modern approach to bone comorbidity in prolactinoma
    Meliha Melin Uygur, Sara Menotti, Simona Santoro, Andrea Giustina
    Pituitary.2024; 27(6): 802.     CrossRef
  • New tools for bone health assessment in secreting pituitary adenomas
    Meliha Melin Uygur, Stefano Frara, Luigi di Filippo, Andrea Giustina
    Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023; 34(4): 231.     CrossRef
  • A Causality between Thyroid Function and Bone Mineral Density in Childhood: Abnormal Thyrotropin May Be Another Pediatric Predictor of Bone Fragility
    Dongjin Lee, Moon Ahn
    Metabolites.2023; 13(3): 372.     CrossRef
  • The mechanism of oxytocin and its receptors in regulating cells in bone metabolism
    Liu Feixiang, Feng Yanchen, Li Xiang, Zhang Yunke, Miao Jinxin, Wang Jianru, Lin Zixuan
    Frontiers in Pharmacology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • To investigate the mechanism of Yiwei Decoction in the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency-related osteoporosis using transcriptomics, network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques
    Weisen Fan, Yan Meng, Jing Zhang, Muzhen Li, Yingjie Zhang, Xintian Qu, Xin Xiu
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Original Article
Regulation of FSH Gene Expression and Release in Cultured Rat Anterior Pituitary Cells.
Min Seok Cheon, Deok Bae Park, Yong Bin Park, Kyung Yoon Kam, Kyung Za Ryu
J Korean Endocr Soc. 2000;15(2):179-189.   Published online January 1, 2001
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  • 19 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
FSH is a heterodimeric glycoprotein and is composed of alpha and beta subunits. alpha subunit is common to FSH and LH, while an unique beta subunit determines the biological specificity of each hormone. The synthesis of beta subunit is the primary rate-limiting step in the synthesis of each hormone. Although FSH plays a pivotal role in folliculogenesis and ovulation, very little studies have been performed on the regulation of FSH beta gene expression. Therefore, the present study attempted to examine the effect of GnRH or activin on the expression of FSH beta mRNA as well as FSH release and signaling pathway involved in their actions. METHODS: The primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary were used for this study. To determine FSH beta mRNA levels, northern blotting method was used. The concentration of FSH in the culture medium was evaluated by using a specific radioimmunoassay for rat FSH. RESULTS: PMA, an activator of PKC, increased FSH beta mRNA levels and FSH release, whereas forskolin, an activator of adenylate cyclase, showed no effect. The application of GnRH augmented FSH release, but not FSH beta mRNA levels. However, the administration of activin increased FSH beta mRNA levels as well as FSH release. Staurosporine, an inhibitor of PKC, suppressed activin-induced increment of FSH beta mRNA levels and FSH release. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that activin rather than GnRH is a major regulator for FSH beta mRNA expression, and suggest that PKC-dependent pathway is also involved in the action of activin on the expression of FSH beta mRNA and FSH release.
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