Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

Endocrinol Metab : Endocrinology and Metabolism

clarivate
OPEN ACCESS
SEARCH
Search

Search

Page Path
HOME > Search
32 "Cardiovascular diseases"
Filter
Filter
Article type
Keywords
Publication year
Authors
Funded articles
Original Articles
Thyroid
Prevalence of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in a Non-Diabetic Young Female Population and Its Impact on Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Risk
Nawoda Hewage, Udaya Wijesekara, Rasika Perera
Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(6):864-876.   Published online November 5, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2015
  • 738 View
  • 49 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
We evaluated the influence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) on insulin resistance (IR), cardiometabolic risk, and obesity in childbearing-age women without diabetes.
Methods
This cross-sectional investigation included 282 women, aged 18 to 35 years, from rural and suburban Sri Lanka. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, including IR and lipid/thyroid profiles, were recorded. Data were compared between SCH and euthyroidism (EU) for controls (normal weight) and cases (overweight/obese).
Results
The overall rates of SCH, EU, IR, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were 40.42%, 59.57%, 73.40%, and 24.46%, respectively. Both controls and cases included individuals with SCH; overall, 168 participants (59.57%) had EU, while 114 (40.42%) exhibited SCH. IR was significantly associated with SCH in both weight groups (P<0.05). Among those with SCH, the odds ratios (ORs) for IR were >2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45 to 3.87) in controls and >6 (95% CI, 3.52 to 8.41) in cases. Similarly, the ORs for MetS were >1 (95% CI, 0.38 to 4.16) in controls and >11 (95% CI, 8.73 to 15.01) in cases. Dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly more prevalent in the SCH group (P<0.05). Women with SCH exhibited higher mean values for all obesity indices compared to their EU counterparts, surpassing normal thresholds (P<0.05). Among obesity measures, visceral adiposity index (VAI) demonstrated the highest area under the curve and sensitivity for assessing SCH and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
Conclusion
SCH must be identified and managed in young women to help prevent diabetes and cardiometabolic disorders. VAI may aid in precisely detecting SCH and CVD.
Close layer
Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Study Design and Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of a Triple Combination of Ezetimibe, Fenofibrate, and Moderate-Intensity Statin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors (ENSEMBLE)
Nam Hoon Kim, Juneyoung Lee, Suk Chon, Jae Myung Yu, In-Kyung Jeong, Soo Lim, Won Jun Kim, Keeho Song, Ho Chan Cho, Hea Min Yu, Kyoung-Ah Kim, Sang Soo Kim, Soon Hee Lee, Chong Hwa Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Yong‐ho Lee, Choon Hee Chung, Sihoon Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Jae Hyuk Lee, Gwanpyo Koh, Sang-Yong Kim, Jaetaek Kim, Ju Hee Lee, Tae Nyun Kim, Hyun Jeong Jeon, Ji Hyun Lee, Jae-Han Jeon, Hye Jin Yoo, Hee Kyung Kim, Hyeong-Kyu Park, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Seongbin Hong, Chul Woo Ahn, Ji Hee Yu, Jong Heon Park, Keun-Gyu Park, Chan Ho Park, Kyong Hye Joung, Ohk-Hyun Ryu, Keun Yong Park, Eun-Gyoung Hong, Bong-Soo Cha, Kyu Chang Won, Yoon-Sok Chung, Sin Gon Kim
Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(5):722-731.   Published online August 22, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.1995
  • 2,807 View
  • 216 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Background
Atherogenic dyslipidemia, which is frequently associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and insulin resistance, contributes to the development of vascular complications. Statin therapy is the primary approach to dyslipidemia management in T2D, however, the role of non-statin therapy remains unclear. Ezetimibe reduces cholesterol burden by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption. Fibrates lower triglyceride levels and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels via peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor alpha agonism. Therefore, when combined, these drugs effectively lower non-HDL-C levels. Despite this, few clinical trials have specifically targeted non-HDL-C, and the efficacy of triple combination therapies, including statins, ezetimibe, and fibrates, has yet to be determined.
Methods
This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, active-comparator controlled trial involving 3,958 eligible participants with T2D, cardiovascular risk factors, and elevated non-HDL-C (≥100 mg/dL). Participants, already on moderate-intensity statins, will be randomly assigned to either Ezefeno (ezetimibe/fenofibrate) addition or statin dose-escalation. The primary end point is the development of a composite of major adverse cardiovascular and diabetic microvascular events over 48 months.
Conclusion
This trial aims to assess whether combining statins, ezetimibe, and fenofibrate is as effective as, or possibly superior to, statin monotherapy intensification in lowering cardiovascular and microvascular disease risk for patients with T2D. This could propose a novel therapeutic approach for managing dyslipidemia in T2D.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Hypertriglyceridemia: State-of-the-Art Review
    Jakub Michal Zimodro, Manfredi Rizzo, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold
    Pharmaceuticals.2025; 18(2): 147.     CrossRef
Close layer
Miscellaneous
Lipid Variability Induces Endothelial Dysfunction by Increasing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Marie Rhee, Joonyub Lee, Eun Young Lee, Kun-Ho Yoon, Seung-Hwan Lee
Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(3):511-520.   Published online May 16, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1915
  • 2,125 View
  • 81 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
This study investigates the impact of fluctuating lipid levels on endothelial dysfunction.
Methods
Human aortic and umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured under varying palmitic acid (PA) concentrations: 0, 50, and 100 μM, and in a variability group alternating between 0 and 100 μM PA every 8 hours for 48 hours. In the lipid variability group, cells were exposed to 100 μM PA during the final 8 hours before analysis. We assessed inflammation using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels with dichlorofluorescin diacetate assay; mitochondrial function through oxygen consumption rates via XF24 flux analyzer; and endothelial cell functionality via wound healing and cell adhesion assays. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay.
Results
Variable PA levels significantly upregulated inflammatory genes and adhesion molecules (Il6, Mcp1, Icam, Vcam, E-selectin, iNos) at both transcriptomic and protein levels in human endothelial cells. Oscillating lipid levels reduced basal respiration, adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and maximal respiration, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction. This lipid variability also elevated ROS levels, contributing to a chronic inflammatory state. Functionally, these changes impaired cell migration and increased monocyte adhesion, and induced endothelial apoptosis, evidenced by reduced cell viability, increased BAX, and decreased BCL2 expression.
Conclusion
Lipid variability induce endothelial dysfunction by elevating inflammation and oxidative stress, providing mechanistic insights into how lipid variability increases cardiovascular risk.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association between triglyceride glucose index-related indices and kidney stones in adults based on NHANES 2007–2020
    Ming Liu, Ping Yang, Yunpeng Gou
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Modifiable Risk Factors on the Endothelial Cell Methylome and Cardiovascular Disease Development
    Hashum Sum, Alison C. Brewer
    Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Can Daily Dietary Choices Have a Cardioprotective Effect? Food Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiometabolic Diseases
    Elżbieta Szczepańska, Barbara Janota, Marika Wlazło, Magdalena Gacal
    Metabolites.2024; 14(6): 296.     CrossRef
  • Lipid Swings Provoke Vascular Inflammation
    Jae-Han Jeon
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(3): 448.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Oral Lichen Planus and Cardiovascular Disease of Atherosclerotic Origin: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Beatriz Gonzalez Navarro, Sonia Egido Moreno, Carlos Omaña Cepeda, Albert Estrugo Devesa, Enric Jane Salas, Jose Lopez Lopez
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(16): 4630.     CrossRef
Close layer
Miscellaneous
Prediction of Cardiovascular Complication in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Using an XGBoost/GRU-ODE-Bayes-Based Machine-Learning Algorithm
Joonyub Lee, Yera Choi, Taehoon Ko, Kanghyuck Lee, Juyoung Shin, Hun-Sung Kim
Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(1):176-185.   Published online November 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1739
  • 2,259 View
  • 100 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Cardiovascular disease is life-threatening yet preventable for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Because each patient with T2DM has a different risk of developing cardiovascular complications, the accurate stratification of cardiovascular risk is critical. In this study, we proposed cardiovascular risk engines based on machine-learning algorithms for newly diagnosed T2DM patients in Korea.
Methods
To develop the machine-learning-based cardiovascular disease engines, we retrospectively analyzed 26,166 newly diagnosed T2DM patients who visited Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital between July 2009 and April 2019. To accurately measure diabetes-related cardiovascular events, we designed a buffer (1 year), an observation (1 year), and an outcome period (5 years). The entire dataset was split into training and testing sets in an 8:2 ratio, and this procedure was repeated 100 times. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated by 10-fold cross-validation on the training dataset.
Results
The machine-learning-based risk engines (AUROC XGBoost=0.781±0.014 and AUROC gated recurrent unit [GRU]-ordinary differential equation [ODE]-Bayes=0.812±0.016) outperformed the conventional regression-based model (AUROC=0.723± 0.036).
Conclusion
GRU-ODE-Bayes-based cardiovascular risk engine is highly accurate, easily applicable, and can provide valuable information for the individualized treatment of Korean patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.
Close layer
Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Big Data Articles (National Health Insurance Service Database)
Long-Term Cumulative Exposure to High γ-Glutamyl Transferase Levels and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Han-Sang Baek, Bongseong Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee, Dong-Jun Lim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Sang-Ah Chang, Kyungdo Han, Jae-Seung Yun
Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(6):770-781.   Published online November 6, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1726
  • 2,476 View
  • 69 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Elevated γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GTP) levels are associated with metabolic syndrome. We investigated the association of cumulative exposure to high γ-GTP with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large-scale population.
Methods
Using nationally representative data from the Korean National Health Insurance system, 1,640,127 people with 4 years of consecutive γ-GTP measurements from 2009 to 2012 were included and followed up until the end of 2019. For each year of the study period, participants were grouped by the number of exposures to the highest γ-GTP quartile (0–4), and the sum of quartiles (0–12) was defined as cumulative γ-GTP exposure. The hazard ratio for CVD was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
During the 6.4 years of follow-up, there were 15,980 cases (0.97%) of myocardial infarction (MI), 14,563 (0.89%) of stroke, 29,717 (1.81%) of CVD, and 25,916 (1.58%) of death. Persistent exposure to high γ-GTP levels was associated with higher risks of MI, stroke, CVD, and death than those without such exposure. The risks of MI, stroke, CVD, and mortality increased in a dose-dependent manner according to total cumulative γ-GTP (all P for trend <0.0001). Subjects younger than 65 years, with a body mass index <25 kg/m2, and without hypertension or fatty liver showed a stronger relationship between cumulative γ-GTP and the incidence of MI, CVD, and death.
Conclusion
Cumulative γ-GTP elevation is associated with CVD. γ-GTP could be more widely used as an early marker of CVD risk, especially in individuals without traditional CVD risk factors.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Interplay of serum biomarkers bilirubin and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in predicting cardiovascular complications in type-2 diabetes mellitus
    Ebtesam Abdullah Al-Suhaimi, Abdullah Ahmed Al-Rubaish
    World Journal of Diabetes.2024; 15(6): 1074.     CrossRef
Close layer
Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Coronary Artery Calcium Score as a Sensitive Indicator of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Long-Term Cohort Study
Dae-Jeong Koo, Mi Yeon Lee, Sun Joon Moon, Hyemi Kwon, Sang Min Lee, Se Eun Park, Cheol-Young Park, Won-Young Lee, Ki Won Oh, Sung Rae Cho, Young-Hoon Jeong, Eun-Jung Rhee
Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(5):568-577.   Published online October 10, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1770
  • 4,120 View
  • 172 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) has become an important tool for evaluating cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study evaluated the significance of CACS for future CVD through more than 10 years of follow-up in asymptomatic Korean populations with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) known to have a relatively low CACS burden.
Methods
We enrolled 981 asymptomatic T2DM patients without CVD at baseline who underwent CACS evaluation using multidetector computed tomography between January 2008 and December 2014. They were grouped into five predefined CACS categories based on Agatston scores and followed up by August 2020. The primary endpoint was incident CVD events, including coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral arterial disease.
Results
The relative risk of CVD was significantly higher in patients with CACS ≥10, and the significance persisted after adjustment for known confounders. A higher CACS category indicated a higher incidence of future CVD: hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 4.09 (1.79 to 9.36), 12.00 (5.61 to 25.69), and 38.79 (16.43 to 91.59) for 10≤ CACS <100, 100≤ CACS <400, and CACS ≥400, respectively. During the 12-year follow-up period, the difference in event-free survival more than doubled as the category increased. Patients with CACS below 10 had very low CVD incidence throughout the follow-up. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed better area under curve when the CACS cutoff was 10 than 100.
Conclusion
CACS can be a sensitive marker of CVD risk. Specifically, CACS above 10 is an indicator of CVD high-risk requiring more intensive medical treatment in Koreans with T2DM.
Close layer
Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Triglyceride-Glucose Index Predicts Future Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: A 16-Year Follow-up in a Prospective, Community-Dwelling Cohort Study
Joon Ho Moon, Yongkang Kim, Tae Jung Oh, Jae Hoon Moon, Soo Heon Kwak, Kyong Soo Park, Hak Chul Jang, Sung Hee Choi, Nam H. Cho
Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(4):406-417.   Published online August 3, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1703
  • 8,343 View
  • 260 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
While the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a measure of insulin resistance, its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been well elucidated. We evaluated the TyG index for prediction of CVDs in a prospective large communitybased cohort.
Methods
Individuals 40 to 70 years old were prospectively followed for a median 15.6 years. The TyG index was calculated as the Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL)×fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. CVDs included any acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease or cerebrovascular disease. We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate CVD risks according to quartiles of the TyG index and plotted the receiver operating characteristics curve for the incident CVD.
Results
Among 8,511 subjects (age 51.9±8.8 years; 47.5% males), 931 (10.9%) had incident CVDs during the follow-up. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, total cholesterol, smoking, alcohol, exercise, and C-reactive protein, subjects in the highest TyG quartile had 36% increased risk of incident CVD compared with the lowest TyG quartile (hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.68). Carotid plaque, assessed by ultrasonography was more frequent in subjects in the higher quartile of TyG index (P for trend=0.049 in men and P for trend <0.001 in women). The TyG index had a higher predictive power for CVDs than the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (area under the curve, 0.578 for TyG and 0.543 for HOMA-IR). Adding TyG index on diabetes or hypertension alone gave sounder predictability for CVDs.
Conclusion
The TyG index is independently associated with future CVDs in 16 years of follow-up in large, prospective Korean cohort.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Elevated triglyceride-glucose index as a predictor of carotid plaque incidence: Insights from a comprehensive meta-analysis
    Arankesh Mahadevan, Bhavin A. Patel, Sashwath Srikanth, Raja Godasi, Rupak Desai
    The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2025; 369(2): 197.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of the correlation between the serum triglyceride glucose index and the risk of death in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study
    Xiaokeng Chi, Shuxin Chen, Zhe Huang, Rong Zhou, Zhicheng Su, Qiujun Mai, Yilin Xu, Jianxin Wan
    PeerJ.2025; 13: e18781.     CrossRef
  • Assessing the predictive value of elevated triglycerides, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and TG/HDL ratios for cardiovascular disease and mortality during 20 years of follow-up: Tehran lipid and glucose study
    Shayesteh Khalili, Atieh Amouzegar, Seyed Sattar Dorost, Fereidoun Azizi, Aryan Salahi-Niri
    Clinical Biochemistry.2025; 136: 110891.     CrossRef
  • Association between triglyceride-glucose index and carotid atherosclerosis in Chinese steelworkers: a cross-sectional study
    Haoyue Cao, Qinglin Li, Juxiang Yuan
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Construction and validation of a nomogram for predicting diabetes remission at 3 months after bariatric surgery in patients with obesity combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Kaisheng Yuan, Bing Wu, Ruiqi Zeng, Fuqing Zhou, Ruixiang Hu, Cunchuan Wang
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(1): 169.     CrossRef
  • Association between the triglyceride glucose index and chronic total coronary occlusion: A cross-sectional study from southwest China
    Kaiyong Xiao, Huili Cao, Bin Yang, Zhe Xv, Lian Xiao, Jianping Wang, Shuiqing Ni, Hui Feng, Zhongwei He, Lei Xv, Juan Li, Dongmei Xv
    Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2024; 34(4): 850.     CrossRef
  • The association between TyG and all-cause/non-cardiovascular mortality in general patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is modified by age: results from the cohort study of NHANES 1999–2018
    Younan Yao, Bo Wang, Tian Geng, Jiyan Chen, Wan Chen, Liwen Li
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of triglyceride glucose index and modified triglyceride glucose indices in prediction of cardiovascular diseases in middle aged and older Chinese adults
    Cancan Cui, Yitian Qi, Jiayin Song, Xinyun Shang, Tianjiao Han, Ning Han, Siqi Yue, Yining Zha, Zhonghang Xu, Jiannan Li, Lin Liu
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Triglyceride-glucose index predicts type 2 diabetes mellitus more effectively than oral glucose tolerance test-derived insulin sensitivity and secretion markers
    Min Jin Lee, Ji Hyun Bae, Ah Reum Khang, Dongwon Yi, Mi Sook Yun, Yang Ho Kang
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 210: 111640.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic value of triglyceride-glucose index for left ventricular remodeling in nondiabetic ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients
    Tolga Han Efe, Engin Algül
    Biomarkers in Medicine.2024; 18(6): 243.     CrossRef
  • Triglyceride-Glucose Index as Predictor for Hypertension, CHD and STROKE Risk among Non-Diabetic Patients: A NHANES Cross-Sectional Study 2001–2020
    Bisher Sawaf, Sarya Swed, Hidar Alibrahim, Haidara Bohsas, Tirth Dave, Mohamad Nour Nasif, Wael Hafez, Fatema Ali Asgar Tashrifwala, Yazan Khair Eldien Jabban, Safwan Al-Rassas, Heba haj Saleh, Abdul Rehman Zia Zaidi, Baraa Alghalyini, Shaymaa Abdelmaboud
    Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health.2024; 14(3): 1152.     CrossRef
  • An Increasing Triglyceride–Glucose Index Is Associated with a Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Oxidant Phenotype
    Beverley Adams-Huet, Ishwarlal Jialal
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(13): 3941.     CrossRef
  • Inflammatory and Metabolic Predictors of Mortality in Pulmonary Thromboembolism: A Focus on the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Pan-Immune Inflammation Value
    Murat Bilgin, Emre Akkaya, Recep Dokuyucu
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(19): 6008.     CrossRef
  • The role of the triglyceride-glucose index as a biomarker of cardio-metabolic syndromes
    Verena Gounden, Sridevi Devaraj, Ishwarlal Jialal
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the novel three lipid indices for predicting five- and ten-year incidence of cardiovascular disease: findings from Kerman coronary artery disease risk factors study (KERCADRS)
    Alireza Jafari, Hamid Najafipour, Mitra Shadkam, Sina Aminizadeh
    Lipids in Health and Disease.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Close layer
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Impact of Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus on Survival and Cardiovascular Events in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Ja Young Jeon, Shin Han-Bit, Bum Hee Park, Nami Lee, Hae Jin Kim, Dae Jung Kim, Kwan-Woo Lee, Seung Jin Han
Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(1):139-145.   Published online February 6, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1594
  • 2,895 View
  • 144 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a risk factor for poor outcomes after kidney transplantation (KT). However, the outcomes of KT have improved recently. Therefore, we investigated whether PTDM is still a risk factor for mortality, major atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MACEs), and graft failure in KT recipients.
Methods
We studied a retrospective cohort of KT recipients (between 1994 and 2017) at a single tertiary center, and compared the rates of death, MACEs, overall graft failure, and death-censored graft failure after KT between patients with and without PTDM using Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox proportional hazard model.
Results
Of 571 KT recipients, 153 (26.8%) were diagnosed with PTDM. The mean follow-up duration was 9.6 years. In the Kaplan- Meier analysis, the PTDM group did not have a significantly increased risk of death or four-point MACE compared with the non-diabetes mellitus group (log-rank test, P=0.957 and P=0.079, respectively). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models showed that PTDM did not have a negative impact on death or four-point MACE (P=0.137 and P=0.181, respectively). In addition, PTDM was not significantly associated with overall or death-censored graft failure. However, patients with a long duration of PTDM had a higher incidence of four-point MACE.
Conclusion
Patient survival and MACEs were comparable between groups with and without PTDM. However, PTDM patients with long duration diabetes were at higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Computed tomography-based intermuscular adipose tissue analysis and its role in predicting post-kidney transplantation diabetes mellitus
    Yang Feng, Yuechen Shi, Kexin Ma, Jiaming Xiao, Ming Liu, Yuqing Yi, Xiaoyu Zhang, Ke Wang, Zhenming Gao
    Asian Journal of Surgery.2025; 48(1): 221.     CrossRef
  • Effect of post-transplant diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular events and mortality: a single‐center retrospective cohort study
    Uğur Ünlütürk, Tolga Yıldırım, Merve Savaş, Seda Hanife Oğuz, Büşra Fırlatan, Deniz Yüce, Nesrin Damla Karakaplan, Cemile Selimova, Rahmi Yılmaz, Yunus Erdem, Miyase Bayraktar
    Endocrine.2024; 85(2): 695.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Qiufeng Du, Tao Li, Xiaodong Yi, Shuang Song, Jing Kang, Yunlan Jiang
    Acta Diabetologica.2024; 61(7): 809.     CrossRef
  • Safety and efficacy of semaglutide in post kidney transplant patients with type 2 diabetes or Post-Transplant diabetes
    Moeber Mohammed Mahzari, Omar Buraykan Alluhayyan, Mahdi Hamad Almutairi, Mohammed Abdullah Bayounis, Yazeed Hasan Alrayani, Amir A. Omair, Awad Saad Alshahrani
    Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology.2024; 36: 100343.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic impact of post-transplant diabetes mellitus in kidney allograft recipients: a meta-analysis
    Mehmet Kanbay, Dimitrie Siriopol, Mustafa Guldan, Lasin Ozbek, Ahmet U Topcu, Ianis Siriopol, Katherine Tuttle
    Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Close layer
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Big Data Articles (National Health Insurance Service Database)
Association between the Diabetes Drug Cost and Cardiovascular Events and Death in Korea: A National Health Insurance Service Database Analysis
Seung Min Chung, Ji-In Lee, Eugene Han, Hyun-Ae Seo, Eonju Jeon, Hye Soon Kim, Ji Sung Yoon
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(5):759-769.   Published online October 5, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1515
  • 4,737 View
  • 208 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of diabetes drug costs on cardiovascular (CV) events and death.
Methods
This retrospective observational study used data from 2009 to 2018 from the National Health Insurance in Korea. Among the patients with type 2 diabetes, those taking antidiabetic drugs and who did not have CV events until 2009 were included. Patients were divided into quartiles (Q1 [lowest]–4 [highest]) according to the 2009 diabetes drug cost. In addition, the 10-year incidences of CV events (non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and coronary revascularization) and CV death (death due to CV events) were analyzed.
Results
A total of 441,914 participants were enrolled (median age, 60 years; men, 57%). CV events and death occurred in 28.1% and 8.36% of the patients, respectively. The 10-year incidences of CV events and deaths increased from Q1 to 4. After adjusting for sex, age, income, type of diabetes drugs, comorbidities, and smoking and drinking status, the risk of CV events significantly increased according to the sequential order of the cost quartiles. In contrast, the risk of CV death showed a U-shaped pattern, which was the lowest in Q3 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.953; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.913 to 0.995) and the highest in Q4 (HR, 1.266; 95% CI, 1.213 to 1.321).
Conclusion
Diabetes drug expenditure affects 10-year CV events and mortality. Therefore, affording an appropriate diabetes drug cost at a similar risk of CV is an independent protective factor against CV death.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of mental disorders on the risk of heart failure among Korean patients with diabetes: a cohort study
    Tae Kyung Yoo, Kyung-Do Han, Eun-Jung Rhee, Won-Young Lee
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Close layer
Review Article
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Lipoprotein Lipase: Is It a Magic Target for the Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia
Joon Ho Moon, Kyuho Kim, Sung Hee Choi
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(4):575-586.   Published online August 29, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.402
  • 28,560 View
  • 659 Download
  • 21 Web of Science
  • 24 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
High levels of triglycerides (TG) and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) confer a residual risk of cardiovascular disease after optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)–lowering therapy. Consensus has been made that LDL-C is a non-arguable primary target for lipid lowering treatment, but the optimization of TGRL for reducing the remnant risk of cardiovascular diseases is urged. Omega-3 fatty acids and fibrates are used to reduce TG levels, but many patients still have high TG and TGRL levels combined with low high-density lipoprotein concentration that need to be ideally treated. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key regulator for TGs that hydrolyzes TGs to glycerol and free fatty acids in lipoprotein particles for lipid storage and consumption in peripheral organs. A deeper understanding of human genetics has enabled the identification of proteins regulating the LPL activity, which include the apolipoproteins and angiopoietin-like families. Novel therapeutic approach such as antisense oligonucleotides and monoclonal antibodies that regulate TGs have been developed in recent decades. In this article, we focus on the biology of LPL and its modulators and review recent clinical application, including genetic studies and clinical trials of novel therapeutics. Optimization of LPL activity to lower TG levels could eventually reduce incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in conjunction with successful LDL-C reduction.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Relationship Between Remnant Cholesterol and Visceral Adipose Tissue: A National Cross-Sectional Study
    Zhaoxiang Wang, Shao Zhong, Menghuan Wu, Xuejing Shao, Tian Gu, Mengjiao Xu, Qichao Yang
    Hormone and Metabolic Research.2025; 57(01): 47.     CrossRef
  • Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Hypertriglyceridemia: State-of-the-Art Review
    Jakub Michal Zimodro, Manfredi Rizzo, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold
    Pharmaceuticals.2025; 18(2): 147.     CrossRef
  • The chylomicron saga: time to focus on postprandial metabolism
    Alejandro Gugliucci
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sanghuangporus vaninii extract ameliorates hyperlipidemia in rats by mechanisms identified with transcriptome analysis
    Ning Gao, Yuanzhen Liu, Guangjie Liu, Bo Liu, Yupeng Cheng
    Food Science & Nutrition.2024; 12(5): 3360.     CrossRef
  • Targeting host-specific metabolic pathways—opportunities and challenges for anti-infective therapy
    Monika I. Konaklieva, Balbina J. Plotkin
    Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024
    Harold Edward Bays, Carol Kirkpatrick, Kevin C. Maki, Peter P. Toth, Ryan T. Morgan, Justin Tondt, Sandra Michelle Christensen, Dave Dixon, Terry A. Jacobson
    Obesity Pillars.2024; 10: 100108.     CrossRef
  • Role of Fenofibrate Use in Dyslipidemia and Related Comorbidities in the Asian Population: A Narrative Review
    Chaicharn Deerochanawong, Sin Gon Kim, Yu-Cheng Chang
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(2): 184.     CrossRef
  • Xanthohumol, a prenylated chalcone, regulates lipid metabolism by modulating the LXRα/RXR-ANGPTL3-LPL axis in hepatic cell lines and high-fat diet-fed zebrafish models
    Wan-Yun Gao, Pei-Yi Chen, Hao-Jen Hsu, Je-Wen Liou, Chia-Ling Wu, Ming-Jiuan Wu, Jui-Hung Yen
    Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2024; 174: 116598.     CrossRef
  • Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024
    Harold Edward Bays, Carol F. Kirkpatrick, Kevin C. Maki, Peter P. Toth, Ryan T. Morgan, Justin Tondt, Sandra Michelle Christensen, Dave L. Dixon, Terry A. Jacobson
    Journal of Clinical Lipidology.2024; 18(3): e320.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with treatment responses to pioglitazone in patients with steatotic liver disease: A 3‐year prospective cohort study
    Ming‐Ling Chang, Jennifer Tai, Jur‐Shan Cheng, Wei‐Ting Chen, Sien‐Sing Yang, Cheng‐Hsun Chiu, Rong‐Nan Chien
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(7): 2969.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of omega‐3‐acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules in severe hypertriglyceridemia: A randomized, controlled, multicenter study
    Wang Zhao, Yangang Wang, Jin Li, Tao Chen, Delu Yin, Hailong Dai, Zhuhua Yao, Shuiping Zhao
    Lipids.2024; 59(5): 145.     CrossRef
  • Lipoprotein lipase as a target for obesity/diabetes related cardiovascular disease
    Rui Shang, Brian Rodrigues
    Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Targeting Apolipoprotein C-III for the Management of Severe Hypertriglyceridemia: Current Research and Future Directions
    Mili Shah, Abisheikh Sharma, Mohammed Ayyad, Ethan Swartz, Danyaal Jafrani, Dhir Gala
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Angiopoietin-like Proteins and Lipoprotein Lipase: The Waltz Partners That Govern Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism? Impact on Atherogenesis, Dietary Interventions, and Emerging Therapies
    Alejandro Gugliucci
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(17): 5229.     CrossRef
  • Proteo-genomic analyses in relatively lean Chinese adults identify proteins and pathways that affect general and central adiposity levels
    Andri Iona, Pang Yao, Alfred Pozarickij, Christiana Kartsonaki, Saredo Said, Neil Wright, Kuang Lin, Iona Millwood, Hannah Fry, Mohsen Mazidi, Baihan Wang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Ling Yang, Daniel Avery, Dan Schmidt, Dianjianyi Sun, Pei Pei, Jun Lv, Ca
    Communications Biology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Molecular Pathways Linking High-Fat Diet and PM2.5 Exposure to Metabolically Abnormal Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Sagrario Lobato, Víctor Manuel Salomón-Soto, Claudia Magaly Espinosa-Méndez, María Nancy Herrera-Moreno, Beatriz García-Solano, Ernestina Pérez-González, Facundo Comba-Marcó-del-Pont, Mireya Montesano-Villamil, Marco Antonio Mora-Ramírez, Claudia Mancilla
    Biomolecules.2024; 14(12): 1607.     CrossRef
  • High producer variant of lipoprotein lipase may protect from hepatocellular carcinoma in alcohol-associated cirrhosis
    Franziska Schmalz, Janett Fischer, Hamish Innes, Stephan Buch, Christine Möller, Madlen Matz-Soja, Witigo von Schönfels, Benjamin Krämer, Bettina Langhans, Alexandra Klüners, Michael Soyka, Felix Stickel, Jacob Nattermann, Christian P. Strassburg, Thomas
    JHEP Reports.2023; 5(4): 100684.     CrossRef
  • Measurement of Serum Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triglyceride-Rich Remnant Cholesterol as Independent Predictors of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Possibilities and Limitations
    Dieter Lütjohann, Hans-Ulrich Klör, Frans Stellaard
    Nutrients.2023; 15(9): 2202.     CrossRef
  • Influence of antipsychotic medications on hyperlipidemia risk in patients with schizophrenia: evidence from a population-based cohort study and in vitro hepatic lipid homeostasis gene expression
    Tien-Yuan Wu, Ni Tien, Cheng-Li Lin, Yu-Cun Cheah, Chung Y. Hsu, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Yi-Jen Fang, Yun-Ping Lim
    Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism: Key Regulators of Their Flux
    Alejandro Gugliucci
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(13): 4399.     CrossRef
  • Sugar and Dyslipidemia: A Double-Hit, Perfect Storm
    Alejandro Gugliucci
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(17): 5660.     CrossRef
  • Dyslipidemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: An Updated Overview
    Sang Heon Suh, Soo Wan Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 612.     CrossRef
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α in Lipoprotein Metabolism and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
    Elena Valeria Fuior, Evangelia Zvintzou, Theodosios Filippatos, Katerina Giannatou, Victoria Mparnia, Maya Simionescu, Anca Violeta Gafencu, Kyriakos E. Kypreos
    Biomedicines.2023; 11(10): 2696.     CrossRef
  • Developing a model to predict the early risk of hypertriglyceridemia based on inhibiting lipoprotein lipase (LPL): a translational study
    Julia Hernandez-Baixauli, Gertruda Chomiciute, Juan María Alcaide-Hidalgo, Anna Crescenti, Laura Baselga-Escudero, Hector Palacios-Jordan, Elisabet Foguet-Romero, Anna Pedret, Rosa M. Valls, Rosa Solà, Miquel Mulero, Josep M. Del Bas
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Close layer
Original Article
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
High Cardiorespiratory Fitness Protects against Molecular Impairments of Metabolism, Heart, and Brain with Higher Efficacy in Obesity-Induced Premature Aging
Patcharapong Pantiya, Chanisa Thonusin, Natticha Sumneang, Benjamin Ongnok, Titikorn Chunchai, Sasiwan Kerdphoo, Thidarat Jaiwongkam, Busarin Arunsak, Natthaphat Siri-Angkul, Sirawit Sriwichaiin, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(4):630-640.   Published online August 5, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1430
  • 5,354 View
  • 132 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) protects against age-related diseases. However, the mechanisms mediating the protective effect of high intrinsic CRF against metabolic, cardiac, and brain impairments in non-obese versus obese conditions remain incompletely understood. We aimed to identify the mechanisms through which high intrinsic CRF protects against metabolic, cardiac, and brain impairments in non-obese versus obese untrained rats.
Methods
Seven-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n=8 per group) to receive either a normal diet or a highfat diet (HFD). At weeks 12 and 28, CRF, carbohydrate and fatty acid oxidation, cardiac function, and metabolic parameters were evaluated. At week 28, behavior tests were performed. At the end of week 28, rats were euthanized to collect heart and brain samples for molecular studies.
Results
The obese rats exhibited higher values for aging-related parameters than the non-obese rats, indicating that they experienced obesity-induced premature aging. High baseline CRF levels were positively correlated with several favorable metabolic, cardiac, and brain parameters at follow-up. Specifically, the protective effects of high CRF against metabolic, cardiac, and brain impairments were mediated by the modulation of body weight and composition, the lipid profile, substrate oxidation, mitochondrial function, insulin signaling, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiac function, neurogenesis, blood-brain barrier, synaptic function, accumulation of Alzheimer’s disease-related proteins, and cognition. Interestingly, this effect was more obvious in HFD-fed rats.
Conclusion
The protective effect of high CRF is mediated by the modulation of several mechanisms. These effects exhibit greater efficacy under conditions of obesity-induced premature aging.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Interplay between obesity and aging on myocardial geometry and function: Role of leptin-STAT3-stress signaling
    Wei Jin, Fei Tu, Feng Dong, Qinqin Deng, Miyesaier Abudureyimu, Wei Yu, Guo-jun Cai, Jian-ming Pei, Zhaohui Pei, Jun Ren
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects.2023; 1867(2): 130281.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological, mechanistic, and practical bases for assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle status in adults in healthcare settings
    Jaime A. Gallo-Villegas, Juan C. Calderón
    European Journal of Applied Physiology.2023; 123(5): 945.     CrossRef
  • Associations that Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index Loss Have with Deficit Accumulation Frailty
    KayLoni Olson, Denise K. Houston, Johnathan Ross, Rena R. Wing, Felicia R. Simpson, Ambarish Pandey, Michael P. Walkup, Mia Yang, Mark A. Espeland
    Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Close layer
Review Articles
Adrenal Gland
Long-Term Outcomes of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Anna Nordenström, Svetlana Lajic, Henrik Falhammar
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(4):587-598.   Published online July 8, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1528
  • 33,638 View
  • 364 Download
  • 17 Web of Science
  • 20 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
A plethora of negative long-term outcomes have been associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The causes are multiple and involve supra-physiological gluco- and mineralocorticoid replacement, excess adrenal androgens both intrauterine and postnatal, elevated steroid precursor and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels, living with a congenital condition as well as the proximity of the cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2 (CYP21A2) gene to other genes. This review aims to discuss the different long-term outcomes of CAH.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Cardiometabolic Aspects of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
    Robert Krysiak, Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten, Nicole Reisch, Philippe Touraine, Henrik Falhammar
    Endocrine Reviews.2025; 46(1): 80.     CrossRef
  • Glucocorticoid therapy in classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: traditional and new treatment paradigms
    Irina Bancos, Hyunwoo Kim, Henry K. Cheng, Mariam Rodriguez-Lee, Helen Coope, Samantha Cicero, Hannah Goldsmith, Vivan H. Lin, George S. Jeha
    Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Challenges in Adolescent and Adult Males With Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
    Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten, Bas P H Adriaansen, Henrik Falhammar
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2025; 110(Supplement): S25.     CrossRef
  • Increased Prevalence of Accidents and Injuries in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Population-based Cohort Study
    Henrik Falhammar, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Agneta Nordenskjöld, Henrik Larsson, Anna Nordenström
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 109(3): e1175.     CrossRef
  • International Newborn Screening Practices for the Early Detection of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
    Tracey A. Conlon, Colin P. Hawkes, Jennifer J. Brady, J. Gerard Loeber, Nuala Murphy
    Hormone Research in Paediatrics.2024; 97(2): 113.     CrossRef
  • Low renin forms of monogenic hypertension: review of the evidence
    Ugochi Chinenye Okorafor, Uchechi Chioma Okorafor
    Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan.2024; 21(1): 14.     CrossRef
  • Increased risk of nephrolithiasis: an emerging issue in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
    Mariangela Chiarito, Crescenza Lattanzio, Vito D’Ascanio, Donatella Capalbo, Paolo Cavarzere, Anna Grandone, Francesca Aiello, Giorgia Pepe, Malgorzata Wasniewska, Thomas Zoller, Mariacarolina Salerno, Maria Felicia Faienza
    Endocrine.2024; 84(2): 727.     CrossRef
  • Memory in female adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
    Tania M. Espinosa Reyes, Dainy Cordero Martín, Miguel Ángel Álvarez, Henrik Falhammar
    Endocrine.2024; 85(3): 1379.     CrossRef
  • Fasting GLP-1 Levels in Women with PCOS and CAH
    R. Robeva, G. Kirilov, A. Elenkova, S. Zacharieva
    Acta Medica Bulgarica.2024; 51(4): 8.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the Differential Diagnosis of Adrenal Adenoma in the Context of Situs Ambiguous: A Clinical Case Study
    Pavel E. Stanchev, Mariya Dimitrova, Desislava Makakova, Boris Tilov
    Medicina.2024; 60(12): 2010.     CrossRef
  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: New biomarkers and adult treatments
    Bleuenn Dreves, Yves Reznik, Antoine Tabarin
    Annales d'Endocrinologie.2023; 84(4): 472.     CrossRef
  • Interpretation of Steroid Biomarkers in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency and Their Use in Disease Management
    Kyriakie Sarafoglou, Deborah P Merke, Nicole Reisch, Hedi Claahsen-van der Grinten, Henrik Falhammar, Richard J Auchus
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023; 108(9): 2154.     CrossRef
  • Impact of Newborn Screening on Adult Height in Patients With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
    Heike Hoyer-Kuhn, Alexander J Eckert, Gerhard Binder, Walter Bonfig, Angelika Dübbers, Stefan Riedl, Joachim Woelfle, Helmuth G Dörr, Reinhard W Holl
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023; 108(11): e1199.     CrossRef
  • Specialty grand challenge in adrenal endocrinology
    Henrik Falhammar
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Contexts of care for people with differences of sex development
    Alexandra E. Kulle, Martina Jürgensen, Ulla Döhnert, Lisa Malich, Louise Marshall, Olaf Hiort
    Medizinische Genetik.2023; 35(3): 181.     CrossRef
  • Cardiovascular risk in Cuban adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    Tania M. Espinosa Reyes, Alba Katherine Pesántez Velepucha, Julio Oscar Cabrera Rego, Wendy Valdés Gómez, Emma Domínguez Alonso, Henrik Falhammar
    BMC Endocrine Disorders.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Landscape of Adrenal Tumours in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
    Mara Carsote, Ana-Maria Gheorghe, Claudiu Nistor, Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir, Oana-Claudia Sima, Anca-Pati Cucu, Adrian Ciuche, Eugenia Petrova, Adina Ghemigian
    Biomedicines.2023; 11(11): 3081.     CrossRef
  • Editorial: Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
    Semra Çaglar Çetinkaya
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Approach of Heterogeneous Spectrum Involving 3beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 Deficiency
    Andreea Gabriela Nicola, Mara Carsote, Ana-Maria Gheorghe, Eugenia Petrova, Alexandru Dan Popescu, Adela Nicoleta Staicu, Mihaela Jana Țuculină, Cristian Petcu, Ionela Teodora Dascălu, Tiberiu Tircă
    Diagnostics.2022; 12(9): 2168.     CrossRef
  • Effetti di Crinecerfont sulla secrezione di ACTH nell’iperplasia surrenalica congenita: uno studio di fase 2
    Marianna Rita Stancampiano, Silvia Laura Carla Meroni, Giovanna Weber, Gianni Russo
    L'Endocrinologo.2022; 23(6): 662.     CrossRef
Close layer
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Extra-Glycemic Effects of Anti-Diabetic Medications: Two Birds with One Stone?
Eun-Jung Rhee
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(3):415-429.   Published online June 29, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.304
  • 6,200 View
  • 306 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
The world is suffering from a rapid increase in the number of people with diabetes due to the increased prevalence of obesity and lengthened life span. Since the development of insulin thanks to the efforts of Prof. Banting and Dr. Best in 1922, for which they won the Nobel Prize, remarkable developments in anti-diabetic medications have dramatically lengthened the lifespan of patients with diabetes. However, the control rate of hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes remains unsatisfactory, since glycemic control requires both medication and lifestyle modifications to slow the deterioration of pancreatic beta-cell function and prevent diabetic complications. From the initial “triumvirate” to the “ominous octet,” and now the “egregious eleven,” the number of organs recognized as being involved in hyperglycemia and diabetes has increased with the development of anti-diabetic medications. Recent unexpected results from outcome trials of anti-diabetic medications have enabled anti-diabetic medications to be indicated for the prevention of chronic kidney disease and heart failure, even in patients without diabetes. In this review, I would like to summarize the extra-glycemic effects of anti-diabetic medications.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Association between underweight and risk of heart failure in diabetes patients
    Tae Kyung Yoo, Kyung‐Do Han, Eun‐Jung Rhee, Won‐Young Lee
    Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2024; 15(2): 671.     CrossRef
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonist Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Proliferation and Migration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Ameliorates Phosphate-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Calcification
    Jinmi Lee, Seok-Woo Hong, Min-Jeong Kim, Sun Joon Moon, Hyemi Kwon, Se Eun Park, Eun-Jung Rhee, Won-Young Lee
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(1): 83.     CrossRef
  • To do one and to get more: Part I. Diabetes and bone
    Wen-Ling Lee, Peng-Hui Wang, Szu-Ting Yang, Chia-Hao Liu, Wen-Hsun Chang, Fa-Kung Lee
    Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.2022; 85(10): 965.     CrossRef
Close layer
Original Articles
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Big Data Articles (National Health Insurance Service Database)
Improvement in Age at Mortality and Changes in Causes of Death in the Population with Diabetes: An Analysis of Data from the Korean National Health Insurance and Statistical Information Service, 2006 to 2018
Eugene Han, Sun Ok Song, Hye Soon Kim, Kang Ju Son, Sun Ha Jee, Bong-Soo Cha, Byung-Wan Lee
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(3):466-474.   Published online June 29, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1440
  • 5,516 View
  • 158 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 7 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
Diabetes is a leading cause of death that is responsible for 1.6 million annual deaths worldwide. However, the life expectancy and age at death of people with diabetes have been a matter of debate.
Methods
The National Health Insurance Service claims database, merged with death records from the National Statistical Information Service in Korea from 2006 to 2018, was analyzed.
Results
In total, 1,432,567 deaths were collected. The overall age at death increased by 0.44 and 0.26 year/year in the diabetes and control populations, respectively. The disparity in the mean age at death between the diabetes and control populations narrowed from 5.2 years in 2006 to 3.0 years in 2018 (p<0.001). In a subgroup analysis according to the presence of comorbid diseases, the number and proportion of deaths remained steady in the group with diabetes only, but steadily increased in the groups with diabetes combined with dyslipidemia and/or hypertension. Compared to the control population, the increase in the mean death age was higher in the population with diabetes. This trend was more prominent in the groups with dyslipidemia and/or hypertension than in the diabetes only group. Deaths from vascular disease and diabetes decreased, whereas deaths from cancer and pneumonia increased. The decline in the proportion of deaths from vascular disease was greater in the diabetes groups with hypertension and/or dyslipidemia than in the control population.
Conclusion
The age at death in the population with diabetes increased more steeply and reached a comparable level to those without diabetes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Islet transplantation in Korea
    Joonyub Lee, Kun‐Ho Yoon
    Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2024; 15(9): 1165.     CrossRef
  • A Retrospective Herb-Drug Interaction Study of Oryeong-san (Wuling-san) Co-administration in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Receiving Hypoglycemic Treatment
    Mee-ryoung Song, Woo-nyoung Jung, Yeon-joo Yoo, Min-seong Lee, Young-min Ahn, Se-young Ahn, Byung-cheol Lee
    The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2024; 45(4): 602.     CrossRef
  • Association between the number of glucose-lowering drugs in use, diet quality, and nutrient intake among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Renata Maksoud Bussuan, Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Aline Marcadenti
    Nutrition and Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Cause-of-Death Mortality in Children and Young Adults with Diabetes: A Nationwide 10-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study
    Iee-Ho Choi, Sang-Woo Yeom, Sun-Young Kim, Jihye You, Jong-Seung Kim, Minsun Kim
    Children.2023; 10(2): 358.     CrossRef
  • Age at Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Who Underwent Kidney Transplantation: An Analysis of Data from the Korean National Health Insurance and Statistical Information Service, 2006 to 2018
    Sun Ok Song, Eugene Han, Kang Ju Son, Bong-Soo Cha, Byung-Wan Lee
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(9): 3160.     CrossRef
  • Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality across Glucose Spectrum in Elderly People: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
    Joonyub Lee, Hun-Sung Kim, Kee-Ho Song, Soon Jib Yoo, Kyungdo Han, Seung-Hwan Lee
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(5): 525.     CrossRef
  • Long-Term Cumulative Exposure to High γ-Glutamyl Transferase Levels and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
    Han-Sang Baek, Bongseong Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee, Dong-Jun Lim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Sang-Ah Chang, Kyungdo Han, Jae-Seung Yun
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 770.     CrossRef
Close layer
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Comparative Study of Ex Vivo Antiplatelet Activity of Aspirin and Cilostazol in Patients with Diabetes and High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Sangmo Hong, Woo Je Lee, Cheol-Young Park
Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(2):233-242.   Published online April 6, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1353
  • 8,060 View
  • 179 Download
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
The role of aspirin in primary cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with diabetes remains controversial. However, some studies have suggested beneficial effects of cilostazol on cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. We prospectively investigated the antiplatelet effects of cilostazol compared with aspirin in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors.
Methods
We randomly assigned 116 patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors but no evident cardiovascular disease to receive aspirin at a dose of 100 mg or cilostazol at a dose of 200 mg daily for 14 days. The primary efficacy outcome was antiplatelet effects of aspirin and cilostazol assessed with the VerifyNow system (aspirin response units [ARU]) and PFA-100 (closure time [CT]). Secondary outcomes were changes of clinical laboratory data (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02933788).
Results
After 14 days, there was greater decrease in ARU in aspirin (–28.9%±9.9%) compared cilostazol (–0.4%±7.1%, P<0.001) and was greater increase in CT in aspirin (99.6%±63.5%) compared cilostazol (25.7%±54.1%, P<0.001). The prevalence of aspirin resistance was 7.5% according to VerifyNow (defined by ARU ≥550) and 18.9% according to PFA-100 (CT <192 seconds). Compared with aspirin, cilostazol treatment was associated with increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (7.1%±12.7% vs. 4.2%±18.0%, P=0.006) and decreased triglycerides (–9.4%±33.7% vs. 4.4%±17.57%, P=0.016). However, there were no significant changes in total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein level, and cluster of differentiation 40 ligand between cilostazol and aspirin groups.
Conclusion
Aspirin showed better antiplatelet effects assessed with VerifyNow and PFA-100 compared with cilostazol. However, there were favorable changes in atherogenic dyslipidemia only in the cilostazol.
Close layer

Endocrinol Metab : Endocrinology and Metabolism
TOP