Endocrinology and Metabolism

Special Article

Miscellaneous
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Endocrine Disorders: A Position Statement from the Korean Endocrine Society: Hyemi Kwon, Eun Roh, Chang Ho Ahn, Hee Kyung Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku, Kyong Yeun Jung, Ju Hee Lee, Eun Heui Kim, Sunghwan Suh, Sangmo Hong, Jeonghoon Ha, Jun Sung Moon, Jin Hwa Kim, Mi-kyung Kim, The Committee of Clinical Practice Guideline of the Korean Endocrine Society; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(6):839-850. Published online December 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1627

4,592 View
341 Download
2 Web of Science
3 Crossref

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including an anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 inhibitor, anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, and anti-PD-ligand 1 inhibitors are representative therapeutics for various malignancies. In oncology, the application of ICIs is currently expanding to a wider range of malignancies due to their remarkable clinical outcomes. ICIs target immune checkpoints which suppress the activity of T-cells that are specific for tumor antigens, thereby allowing tumor cells to escape the immune response. However, immune checkpoints also play a crucial role in preventing autoimmune reactions. Therefore, ICIs targeting immune checkpoints can trigger various immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially in endocrine organs. Considering the endocrine organs that are frequently involved, irAEs associated endocrinopathies are frequently life-threatening and have unfavorable clinical implications for patients. However, there are very limited data from large clinical trials that would inform the development of clinical guidelines for patients with irAEs associated endocrinopathies. Considering the current clinical situation, in which the scope and scale of the application of ICIs are increasing, position statements from clinical specialists play an essential role in providing the appropriate recommendations based on both medical evidence and clinical experience. As endocrinologists, we would like to present precautions and recommendations for the management of immune-related endocrine disorders, especially those involving the adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary glands caused by ICIs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Patterns of hormonal changes in hypophysitis by immune checkpoint inhibitor
Hyunji Sang, Yun Kyung Cho, Sang-hyeok Go, Hwa Jung Kim, Eun Hee Koh
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 39(5): 801. CrossRef
Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for radically unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the Japanese population
Ryo Fujiwara, Takeshi yuasa, kenichi kobayashi, tetsuya yoshida, susumu kageyama
Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy.2023; 23(5): 461. CrossRef
Incidence of Endocrine-Related Dysfunction in Patients Treated with New Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Meta-Analysis and Comprehensive Review
Won Sang Yoo, Eu Jeong Ku, Eun Kyung Lee, Hwa Young Ahn
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 750. CrossRef

Review Articles

Adrenal Gland
Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation Guidelines for Adrenal Tumor Ablation: Byung Kwan Park, Masashi Fujimori, Shu-Huei Shen, Uei Pua; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):553-563. Published online June 1, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1008

4,291 View
160 Download
6 Web of Science
6 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Thermal ablation is a good alternative treatment in patients who are unable to undergo adrenalectomy. Even though the Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation (ACTA) has been held for many years, adrenal ablation guidelines have not been established. No guidelines for adrenal ablation are established in American and European countries, either. The aim of this review was to introduce the first version of ACTA guidelines for adrenal tumor ablation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Treatment of primary aldosteronism: Clinical practice guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Aldosteronism
Chi-Shin Tseng, Chieh-Kai Chan, Hsiang-Ying Lee, Chien-Ting Pan, Kang-Yung Peng, Shuo-Meng Wang, Kuo-How Huang, Yao-Chou Tsai, Vin-Cent Wu, Jeff S. Chueh
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2024; 123: S125. CrossRef
Development and preclinical evaluation of multifunctional hydrogel for precise thermal protection during thermal ablation
Bowen Zheng, Peng Zhang, Qijun Lv, Tao Wu, Yadong Liu, Junjie Tang, Yanping Ma, Lili Cheng, Langtao Xu, Yizhen Wang, Yifan Xue, Jie Liu, Jie Ren
Bioactive Materials.2024; 31: 119. CrossRef
In vitro heat insulation efficacy of 5% dextrose versus 0.9% saline during radiofrequency ablation
Yanping Ma, Jinfen Wang, Tao Wu, Bowen Zheng, Tinghui Yin, Yufan Lian, Jie Ren
Ultrasonography.2024; 43(5): 376. CrossRef
Cryoprobe Placement Using Electromagnetic Navigation System (IMACTIS® CT-Navigation™) for Cryoablation Treatment of Upper Kidney Pole Lesions and Adrenal Metastases: Experience from a Single-Center, 4-Year Study
A. Michailidis, P. Kosmoliaptsis, G. Dimou, G. Mingou, S. Zlika, C. Giankoulof, S. Galanis, E. Petsatodis
Diagnostics.2024; 14(17): 1963. CrossRef
Case report of trans-renal ablation procedures for a recurrent pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease
Byung Kwan Park
Precision and Future Medicine.2023; 7(2): 90. CrossRef
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 597. CrossRef

Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland
Best Achievements in Pituitary and Adrenal Diseases in 2020: Chang Ho Ahn, Jung Hee Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(1):51-56. Published online February 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.108

5,165 View
171 Download
2 Web of Science
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Significant progress in pituitary and adrenal diseases was made in 2020. This review presents major translational and clinical advances in research on pituitary and adrenal diseases, encompassing their epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and clinical management. We address the controversy regarding the nomenclature of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, omics-based molecular classification of pituitary adenomas, and novel drugs for Cushing’s disease in the field of pituitary diseases. In the field of adrenal diseases, we cover big data-driven epidemiology of adrenal tumors, steroid profiling as a new diagnostic tool, and the utility of scoring systems in the decision-making process of managing primary aldosteronism. This brief article will broaden readers’ understanding of pituitary and adrenal diseases.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Surgical management and outcomes of spinal metastasis of malignant adrenal tumor: A retrospective study of six cases and literature review
Xiangzhi Ni, Jing Wang, Jiashi Cao, Kun Zhang, Shuming Hou, Xing Huang, Yuanjin Song, Xin Gao, Jianru Xiao, Tielong Liu
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 597. CrossRef

Adrenal gland
The Genotype-Based Morphology of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Disorders and Their Association with Aging: Xin Gao, Yuto Yamazaki, Yuta Tezuka, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Fumitoshi Satoh, Hironobu Sasano; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(1):12-21. Published online February 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.101

5,641 View
213 Download
8 Web of Science
7 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, and is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events. PA itself is clinically classified into the following two types: unilateral PA, mostly composed of aldosteroneproducing adenoma (APA); and bilateral hyperaldosteronism, consisting of multiple aldosterone-producing micronodules (APMs) and aldosterone-producing diffuse hyperplasia. Histopathologically, those disorders above are all composed of compact and clear cells. The cellular morphology in the above-mentioned aldosterone-producing disorders has been recently reported to be closely correlated with patterns of somatic mutations of ion channels including KCNJ5, CACNA1D, ATP1A1, ATP2B3, and others. In addition, in non-pathological adrenal glands, APMs are frequently detected regardless of the status of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Aldosterone-producing nodules have been also proposed as non-neoplastic nodules that can be identified by hematoxylin and eosin staining. These non-neoplastic CYP11B2-positive nodules could represent possible precursors of APAs possibly due to the presence of somatic mutations. On the other hand, aging itself also plays a pivotal role in the development of aldosterone-producing lesions. For instance, the number of APMs was also reported to increase with aging. Therefore, recent studies indicated the novel classification of PA into normotensive PA (RAAS-independent APM) and clinically overt PA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Subtype-specific Body Composition and Metabolic Risk in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism
Seung Shin Park, Chang Ho Ahn, Sang Wan Kim, Ji Won Yoon, Jung Hee Kim
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 109(2): e788. CrossRef
Correlation of Histopathologic Subtypes of Primary Aldosteronism with Clinical Phenotypes and Postsurgical Outcomes
Chang Ho Ahn, You-Bin Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Jung Hee Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 109(8): e1582. CrossRef
Temporal trends in clinical features of patients with primary aldosteronism over 20 years
Seung Shin Park, Chang Ho Ahn, Sang Wan Kim, Jung-Min Koh, Seung Hun Lee, Jung Hee Kim
Hypertension Research.2024; 47(8): 2019. CrossRef
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 597. CrossRef
Expression of CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 in adrenal adenoma correlates with clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism
Chang Ho Ahn, Hee Young Na, So Yeon Park, Hyeong Won Yu, Su‐Jin Kim, June Young Choi, Kyu Eun Lee, Sang Wan Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jung Hee Kim
Clinical Endocrinology.2022; 96(1): 30. CrossRef
Pathology of Aldosterone Biosynthesis and its Action
Xin Gao, Yuto Yamazaki, Yuta Tezuka, Kei Omata, Yoshikiyo Ono, Ryo Morimoto, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Takashi Suzuki, Fumitoshi Satoh, Hironobu Sasano
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine.2021; 254(1): 1. CrossRef
Cellular Senescence in Adrenocortical Biology and Its Disorders
Xin Gao, Faping Li, Bin Liu, Yuxiong Wang, Yishu Wang, Honglan Zhou
Cells.2021; 10(12): 3474. CrossRef

Adrenal gland
Minimally Invasive Adrenal Surgery: JungHak Kwak, Kyu Eun Lee; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):774-783. Published online December 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.404

5,734 View
165 Download
9 Web of Science
9 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Since the introduction of minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the main treatment option for adrenal masses. Various studies have reported that laparoscopic adrenalectomy showed fewer postoperative complications and faster recovery than conventional open adrenalectomy. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy can be performed through either the transperitoneal approach or the retroperitoneoscopic approach, which are widely used in most adrenal surgical procedures. Furthermore, with the development of minimally invasive surgery, organ-sparing adrenalectomy has recently emerged as a way to conserve functional adrenal gland tissue. According to recent data, organ-sparing adrenalectomy shows promising surgical, functional, and oncological outcomes including less intraoperative blood loss, maintenance of adrenal function, and low recurrence. Partial adrenalectomy was initially proposed for bilateral adrenal tumors in patients with hereditary disease to avoid chronic adrenal insufficiency. However, it has also gained popularity for the treatment of unilateral adrenal disease involving a small adrenal tumor because even patients with a unilateral adrenal gland may develop adrenal insufficiency in stressful situations. Therefore, partial adrenalectomy has become increasingly common to avoid lifelong steroid replacement and recurrence in most cases, especially in bilateral adrenal disease. This review article evaluates the current evidence on minimally invasive adrenalectomy and organ-preserving partial adrenalectomy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Treating Primary Aldosteronism-Induced Hypertension: Novel Approaches and Future Outlooks
Nathan Mullen, James Curneen, Padraig T Donlon, Punit Prakash, Irina Bancos, Mark Gurnell, Michael C Dennedy
Endocrine Reviews.2024; 45(1): 125. CrossRef
Modified versus three-level technique of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for all patients with adrenal lesions ≤ 6cm: a retrospective, case-controlled study
Minxiong Hu, Yangbiao Wu, Xiao Xu, Wenchao Cai, Jiangui Lin, Wanghai Cai, Honghong Pan, Zesong Yang, Liefu Ye, Jinfeng Wu
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Case Report: Adrenal schwannoma associated with ganglioneuroma
Dong-Lin He, Run-lin Feng, Jia-gui Chai, Xin Guo, Chang-xing Ke
Frontiers in Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block is Effective as Laparoscopic Trocar site infiltration in Postoperative Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Adrenal Surgery
Giuseppe Cavallaro, Sergio Gazzanelli, Angelo Iossa, Francesco De Angelis, Alessia Fassari, Alessandra Micalizzi, Luigi Petramala, Daniele Crocetti, Francesco Circosta, Antonio Concistrè, Claudio Letizia, Giorgio De Toma, Andrea Polistena
The American Surgeon™.2023; 89(11): 4401. CrossRef
Outcome of Partial Adrenalectomy in MEN2 Syndrome: Personal Experience and Systematic Review of Literature
Priscilla Francesca Procopio, Francesco Pennestrì, Carmela De Crea, Nikolaos Voloudakis, Rocco Bellantone, Marco Raffaelli
Life.2023; 13(2): 425. CrossRef
Impact of Current Technology in Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: 20 Years of Experience in the Treatment of 254 Consecutive Clinical Cases
Giovanni Conzo, Renato Patrone, Luigi Flagiello, Antonio Catauro, Alessandra Conzo, Chiara Cacciatore, Federico Maria Mongardini, Giovanni Cozzolino, Rosetta Esposito, Daniela Pasquali, Giuseppe Bellastella, Katherine Esposito, Ludovico Docimo
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(13): 4384. CrossRef
Safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive adrenalectomy versus open adrenalectomy in patients with large adrenal tumors (≥5 cm): A meta-analysis and systematic review
Lijian Gan, Chunyang Meng, Kangsen Li, Lei peng, Jinze Li, Ji Wu, Yunxiang Li
International Journal of Surgery.2022; 104: 106779. CrossRef
Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy (RLPA) for 20-40 mm nonfunctional adrenal tumors in the day surgery mode
Xuwen Li, Haibo Xi, Yue Yu, Wei Liu, Xiaoping Zhu, Zhixian Gong, Bin Fu, Gongxian Wang, Xiaochen Zhou
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Cirugía laparoscópica en incidentaloma suprarrenal para el cirujano general: serie de casos
Martín Adrián Bolívar-Rodríguez, Marcel Antonio Cázarez-Aguilar, Pedro Alejandro Magaña-Zavala, Francisco Magaña-Olivas, José Martín Niebla-Moreno
Revista Mexicana de Cirugía Endoscópica.2021; 22(1): 8. CrossRef

Adrenal gland
Embryonic Development and Adult Regeneration of the Adrenal Gland: Ji-Hoon Kim, Man Ho Choi; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):765-773. Published online December 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.403

10,226 View
441 Download
22 Web of Science
20 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The adrenal gland plays a pivotal role in an organism’s health span by controlling the endocrine system. Decades of research on the adrenal gland have provided multiscale insights into the development and maintenance of this essential organ. A particularly interesting finding is that founder stem/progenitor cells participate in adrenocortical development and enable the adult adrenal cortex to regenerate itself in response to hormonal stress and injury. Since major advances have been made in understanding the dynamics of the developmental process and the remarkable regenerative capacity of the adrenal gland, understanding the mechanisms underlying adrenal development, maintenance, and regeneration will be of interest to basic and clinical researchers. Here, we introduce the developmental processes of the adrenal gland and discuss current knowledge regarding stem/progenitor cells that regulate adrenal cortex remodeling and regeneration. This review will provide insights into the fascinating ongoing research on the development and regeneration of the adrenal cortex.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Update on Adrenarche—Still a Mystery
Philipp Augsburger, Jani Liimatta, Christa E Flück
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 109(6): 1403. CrossRef
Cellular landscape of adrenocortical carcinoma at single-nuclei resolution
David S. Tourigny, Barbara Altieri, Kerim A. Secener, Silviu Sbiera, Marc P. Schauer, Panagiota Arampatzi, Sabine Herterich, Sascha Sauer, Martin Fassnacht, Cristina L. Ronchi
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.2024; 590: 112272. CrossRef
Aging induces region-specific dysregulation of hormone synthesis in the primate adrenal gland
Qiaoran Wang, Xuebao Wang, Beibei Liu, Shuai Ma, Feng Zhang, Shuhui Sun, Yaobin Jing, Yanling Fan, Yingjie Ding, Muzhao Xiong, Jiaming Li, Qiaocheng Zhai, Yandong Zheng, Chengyu Liu, Gang Xu, Jiayin Yang, Si Wang, Jinlin Ye, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte,
Nature Aging.2024; 4(3): 396. CrossRef
Evaluating the role of aldosterone synthesis on adrenal cell fate
Amnani Aminuddin, Morris J. Brown, Elena Aisha Azizan
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Impact of Fetal Growth Restriction on Prenatal 2D Ultrasound and Doppler Study of the Fetal Adrenal Gland
Suphawan Pattamathamakul, Chatuporn Duangkum, Sukanya Chaiyarach, Kiattisak Kongwattanakul, Piyamas Saksiriwuttho, Ratana Komwilaisak, Sathida Chantanavilai, Manasicha Pongsamakthai, Prapassara Sirikarn, Wassan Nori
Journal of Pregnancy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Adrenal Dysfunction in Mitochondrial Diseases
Madeleine Corkery-Hayward, Louise A. Metherell
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(2): 1126. CrossRef
Effects of very low-calorie ketogenic diet on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system
L. Barrea, L. Verde, E. Camajani, A. S. Šojat, L. Marina, S. Savastano, A. Colao, M. Caprio, G. Muscogiuri
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2023; 46(8): 1509. CrossRef
Post‐hatching developmental changes in the adrenal gland of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica): Histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic studies
Fatma M. Abdel‐maksoud, Saher Fadl, Ahmed Abou‐Elmagd, Abdelmohaimen M.M. Saleh
Microscopy Research and Technique.2023; 86(11): 1461. CrossRef
Interactive metabolic signatures of testicular testosterone with bilateral adrenalectomy in mice
Hae Lim Cho, Ji-Hoon Kim, Seuk-Min Ryu, Jongsung Noh, Sang Won Lee, Man Ho Choi
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.2023; 231: 106333. CrossRef
Construction of a novel clinical nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival in patients with primary malignant adrenal tumors: a large population-based retrospective study
Mingzhen Li, Xiaoying Duan, Di You, Linlin Liu
Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The anti-platelet drug cilostazol enhances heart rate and interrenal steroidogenesis and exerts a scant effect on innate immune responses in zebrafish
Wei-Chun Chang, Mei-Jen Chen, Chung-Der Hsiao, Rong-Ze Hu, Yu-Shan Huang, Yu-Fu Chen, Tsai-Hua Yang, Guan-Yi Tsai, Chih-Wei Chou, Ren-Shiang Chen, Yung-Jen Chuang, Yi-Wen Liu, Mohammed Fouad El Basuini
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(10): e0292858. CrossRef
Regulation of Morphogenetic Processes during Postnatal Development and Physiological Regeneration of the Adrenal Medulla
S. S. Obernikhin, N. V. Yaglova, E. P. Timokhina, S. V. Nazimova, V. V. Yaglov
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine.2023; 175(4): 549. CrossRef
Distinct HAND2/HAND2-AS1 Expression Levels May Fine-Tune Mesenchymal and Epithelial Cell Plasticity of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Rachel Vazana-Netzarim, Yishay Elmalem, Shachar Sofer, Hod Bruck, Naama Danino, Udi Sarig
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(22): 16546. CrossRef
An Update on Genetics of Adrenal Gland and Associated Disorders
Chester Gauss, Dustin Rowland, Berrin Ergun-Longmire
Endocrines.2022; 3(2): 187. CrossRef
Immune dysfunction after spinal cord injury – A review of autonomic and neuroendocrine mechanisms
Kyleigh A. Rodgers, Kristina A. Kigerl, Jan M. Schwab, Phillip G. Popovich
Current Opinion in Pharmacology.2022; 64: 102230. CrossRef
Clinical and Technical Aspects in Free Cortisol Measurement
Man Ho Choi
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(4): 599. CrossRef
Surrénalectomies
Isabelle Valin, Dan Rosenberg
Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire canine & féline.2022; 19(82): 50. CrossRef
Adrenal medulla development and medullary-cortical interactions
Nicole Bechmann, Ilona Berger, Stefan R. Bornstein, Charlotte Steenblock
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.2021; 528: 111258. CrossRef
Theory: Treatments for Prolonged ICU Patients May Provide New Therapeutic Avenues for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
Dominic Stanculescu, Lars Larsson, Jonas Bergquist
Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Unravelling Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Comorbidities
Kyung-Wook Kim
Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2021; 30(3): 209. CrossRef

Miscellaneous
Coordination of Multiple Cellular Processes by NR5A1/Nr5a1: Ken-ichirou Morohashi, Miki Inoue, Takashi Baba; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):756-764. Published online December 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.402

5,893 View
167 Download
11 Web of Science
12 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

The agenesis of the gonads and adrenal gland in revealed by knockout mouse studies strongly suggested a crucial role for Nr5a1 (SF-1 or Ad4BP) in organ development. In relation to these striking phenotypes, NR5A1/Nr5a1 has the potential to reprogram cells to steroidogenic cells, endow pluripotency, and regulate cell proliferation. However, due to limited knowledge regarding NR5A1 target genes, the mechanism by which NR5A1/Nr5a1 regulates these fundamental processes has remained unknown. Recently, newlyestablished technologies have enabled the identification of NR5A1 target genes related to multiple metabolic processes, as well as the aforementioned biological processes. Considering that active cellular processes are expected to be accompanied by active metabolism, NR5A1 may act as a key factor for processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival by coordinating these processes with cellular metabolism. A complete and definite picture of the cellular processes coordinated by NR5A1/Nr5a1 could be depicted by accumulating evidence of the potential target genes through whole genome studies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development of sexual dimorphism of skeletal muscles through the adrenal cortex, caused by androgen-induced global gene suppression
Fumiya Takahashi, Takashi Baba, Antonius Christianto, Shogo Yanai, Hyeon-Cheol Lee-Okada, Keisuke Ishiwata, Kazuhiko Nakabayashi, Kenichiro Hata, Tomohiro Ishii, Tomonobu Hasegawa, Takehiko Yokomizo, Man Ho Choi, Ken-ichirou Morohashi
Cell Reports.2024; 43(2): 113715. CrossRef
A novel heterozygous SF1/NR5A1 gene variant causes 46,XY DSD-gonadal dysgenesis with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism without adrenal insufficiency
Luis Ramos
Genes & Diseases.2024; 11(4): 101160. CrossRef
A conserved NR5A1-responsive enhancer regulates SRY in testis-determination
Denis Houzelstein, Caroline Eozenou, Carlos F. Lagos, Maëva Elzaiat, Joelle Bignon-Topalovic, Inma Gonzalez, Vincent Laville, Laurène Schlick, Somboon Wankanit, Prochi Madon, Jyotsna Kirtane, Arundhati Athalye, Federica Buonocore, Stéphanie Bigou, Gerard
Nature Communications.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Testicular differentiation in 46,XX DSD: an overview of genetic causes
Maria Tereza Martins Ferrari, Elinaelma Suelane do Nascimento Silva, Mirian Yumie Nishi, Rafael Loch Batista, Berenice Bilharinho Mendonca, Sorahia Domenice
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Role of NR5A1 Gene Mutations in Disorders of Sex Development: Molecular and Clinical Features
Giovanni Luppino, Malgorzata Wasniewska, Roberto Coco, Giorgia Pepe, Letteria Anna Morabito, Alessandra Li Pomi, Domenico Corica, Tommaso Aversa
Current Issues in Molecular Biology.2024; 46(5): 4519. CrossRef
In silico structural features of the CgNR5A: CgDAX complex and its role in regulating gene expression of CYP target genes in Crassostrea gigas
Theo Cardozo Brascher, Leonardo de Bortoli, Guilherme Toledo-Silva, Flávia Lucena Zacchi, Guilherme Razzera
Chemosphere.2024; 361: 142443. CrossRef
Conditional disruption of Nr5a1 directed by Sox9-Cre impairs adrenal development
Ayako Tagami, Yayoi Ikeda, Kyoko Ishizuka, Mamiko Maekawa
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Worldwide cohort study of 46, XY differences/disorders of sex development genetic diagnoses: geographic and ethnic differences in variants
Chen Jiali, Peng Huifang, Jiang Yuqing, Zeng Xiantao, Jiang Hongwei
Frontiers in Genetics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Nuclear Receptor Gene Variants Underlying Disorders/Differences of Sex Development through Abnormal Testicular Development
Atsushi Hattori, Maki Fukami
Biomolecules.2023; 13(4): 691. CrossRef
Identification of a novel class of cortisol biosynthesis inhibitors and its implications in a therapeutic strategy for hypercortisolism
Soo Hyun Kim, Gi Hoon Son, Joo Young Seok, Sung Kook Chun, Hwayoung Yun, Jaebong Jang, Young-Ger Suh, Kyungjin Kim, Jong-Wha Jung, Sooyoung Chung
Life Sciences.2023; 325: 121744. CrossRef
Induced pluripotent stem cell line generated from a patient with differences in sex development (DSD) and multiple genetic variants including a large deletion in NR5A1
Aisha L. Siebert, Grace B. Schwartz, Hana Kubo, Monica M. Laronda
Stem Cell Research.2023; 71: 103154. CrossRef
Loss of NR5A1 in mouse Sertoli cells after sex determination changes cellular identity and induces cell death by anoikis
Sirine Souali-Crespo, Diana Condrea, Nadège Vernet, Betty Féret, Muriel Klopfenstein, Erwan Grandgirard, Violaine Alunni, Marie Cerciat, Matthieu Jung, Chloé Mayere, Serge Nef, Manuel Mark, Frédéric Chalmel, Norbert B. Ghyselinck
Development.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Thyroid
Percutaneous Adrenal Radiofrequency Ablation: A Short Review for Endocrinologists: Byung Kwan Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):750-755. Published online December 2, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.880

5,195 View
143 Download
9 Web of Science
8 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Image-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been accepted as a minimally invasive treatment for adrenal tumors in patients who are unable to undergo adrenalectomy. Accordingly, this treatment has become more readily available for treating functioning or non-functioning adrenal masses. Thus, endocrinologists need a better understanding of percutaneous RFA of adrenal tumors. The purpose of this review is to briefly describe the basic mechanism of RFA, indications and contraindications, patient preparation prior to RFA, type of complications, how to avoid complications, RFA procedures, and treatment outcomes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clinical Features and Etiology of Recurrent Hypertension after Adrenalectomy
Xilan Dong, Qianhui Ling, Jin Bian, Yuehua Li, Mengjia Chen, Sufang Hao, Wenjun Ma, Huimin Zhang, Jun Cai, Ying Lou
Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Short-term outcome of adrenal radiofrequency ablation of adrenal cysts: a single-center experience
Shin Jeong Pak, Yu-mi Lee, Pyo Nyun Kim, Byung-Chang Kim, Jae Won Cho, Won Woong Kim, Tae-Yon Sung, Ki-wook Chung, Suck Joon Hong
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Case report of trans-renal ablation procedures for a recurrent pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease
Byung Kwan Park
Precision and Future Medicine.2023; 7(2): 90. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of inoperable patients with pulmonary malignant nodules
Peng Qie, Xuejiao Xun, Xiaodong Nie, Qifan Yin, Hongshang Cui, Lijun Liu, Huien Wang
ANZ Journal of Surgery.2023; 93(12): 2969. CrossRef
2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 597. CrossRef
Minimally invasive techniques in benign and malignant adrenal tumors
Ahmet Bulent Dogrul, Omer Cennet, Anıl Hilmi Dincer
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2022; 10(35): 12812. CrossRef
Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation Guidelines for Adrenal Tumor Ablation
Byung Kwan Park, Masashi Fujimori, Shu-Huei Shen, Uei Pua
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 553. CrossRef
The role and place of mini-invasive methods of local tumor destruction in adrenal gland surgery
I.A. Kurganov, D.Yu. Bogdanov, S.I. Emelyanov, M.Sh. Mamistvalov
Endoskopicheskaya khirurgiya.2021; 27(6): 43. CrossRef

Adrenal gland
Is Follow-up of Adrenal Incidentalomas Always Mandatory?: Giuseppe Reimondo, Alessandra Muller, Elisa Ingargiola, Soraya Puglisi, Massimo Terzolo; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(1):26-35. Published online March 19, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.1.26

7,295 View
266 Download
7 Web of Science
7 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Adrenal masses are mainly detected unexpectedly by an imaging study performed for reasons unrelated to any suspect of adrenal diseases. Such masses are commonly defined as “adrenal incidentalomas” and represent a public health challenge because they are increasingly recognized in current medical practice. Management of adrenal incidentalomas is currently matter of debate. Although there is consensus on the need of a multidisciplinary expert team evaluation and surgical approach in patients with significant hormonal excess and/or radiological findings suspicious of malignancy demonstrated at the diagnosis or during follow-up, the inconsistency between official guidelines and the consequent diffuse uncertainty on management of small adrenal incidentalomas still represents a considerable problem in terms of clinical choices in real practice. The aim of the present work is to review the proposed strategies on how to manage patients with adrenal incidentalomas that are not candidates to immediate surgery. The recent European Society of Endocrinology/European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors guidelines have supported the view to avoid surveillance in patients with clear benign adrenal lesions <4 cm and/or without any hormonal secretion; however, newer prospective studies are needed to confirm safety of this strategy, in particular in younger patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Adrenal Incidentaloma—Innocent Bystander or Intruder?
Laurence Amar, Inga Harbuz-Miller, Adina F Turcu
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 109(3): e1303. CrossRef
Mineral metabolism assays and osteoporotic fracture risk evaluation in menopausal population diagnosed with adrenal incidentalomas: a sub-analysis of PRECES study
Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir, Mihaela Stanciu, Ana Valea, Oana-Claudia Sima, Claudiu Nistor, Mădălina Gabriela Iliescu, Ileana Ciobanu, Florina Ligia Popa, Mara Carsote
Balneo and PRM Research Journal.2024; 15(Vol.15, no): 692. CrossRef
Diagnosing and managing adrenal incidentalomas
Justine Herndon, Irina Bancos
JAAPA.2023; 36(5): 12. CrossRef
Tumor enlargement in adrenal incidentaloma is related to glaucoma: a new prognostic feature?
M. Caputo, T. Daffara, A. Ferrero, M. Romanisio, E. Monti, C. Mele, M. Zavattaro, S. Tricca, A. Siani, A. Clemente, C. Palumbo, S. De Cillà, A. Carriero, A. Volpe, P. Marzullo, G. Aimaretti, F. Prodam
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Biomarkers in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Perspectives
Maja Mizdrak, Tina Tičinović Kurir, Joško Božić
Biomedicines.2021; 9(2): 174. CrossRef
An Adrenocortical Carcinoma Evolving After Nine Years of Latency From a Small Adrenal Incidentaloma
Harpreet S Kohli, Sukesh Manthri, Shikha Jain, Rahul Kashyap, Sheng Chen, Thoyaja Koritala, Aysun Tekin, Ramesh Adhikari, Raghavendra Tirupathi, Aram Barbaryan, Simon Zec, Hanyin Wang, Stephanie Welle, Pavan Devulapally, Mack Sheraton, Manpreet Kaur, Vish
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnostic algorithm of the subclinical forms of adrenal neoplasms
Sofya G. Blyumina, Pavel N. Romashchenko, Igor S. Zheleznyak
Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy.2021; 23(3): 67. CrossRef

Case Reports

Adrenal gland
Untreated Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia with 17-α Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency Presenting as Massive Adrenocortical Tumor: Su Jin Lee, Je Eun Song, Sena Hwang, Ji-Yeon Lee, Hye-Sun Park, Seunghee Han, Yumie Rhee; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(3):408-413. Published online August 4, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.3.408

4,826 View
51 Download
4 Web of Science
5 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency is usually characterized by hypertension and primary amenorrhea, sexual infantilism in women, and pseudohermaphroditism in men. hypertension, and sexual infantilism in women and pseudohermaphroditism in men. In rare cases, a huge adrenal gland tumor can present as a clinical manifestation in untreated CAH. Adrenal cortical adenoma is an even more rare phenotype in CAH with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. A 36-year-old female presented with hypertension and abdominal pain caused by a huge adrenal mass. Due to mass size and symptoms, left adrenalectomy was performed. After adrenalectomy, blood pressure remained high. Based on hormonal and genetic evaluation, the patient was diagnosed as CAH with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. The possibility of a tumorous change in the adrenal gland due to untreated CAH should be considered. It is important that untreated CAH not be misdiagnosed as primary adrenal tumor as these conditions require different treatments. Adequate suppression of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in CAH is also important to treat and to prevent the tumorous changes in the adrenal gland. Herein, we report a case of untreated CAH with 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency presenting with large adrenal cortical adenoma and discuss the progression of adrenal gland hyperplasia due to inappropriate suppression of ACTH secretion.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Uncommon adrenal rest tumors and massive adrenal enlargement in adult with congenital adrenal hyperplasia mimicking metastasis from pleomorphic sarcoma
Pierluigi Mazzeo, Irene Tizianel, Francesca Galuppini, Marta Sbaraglia, Mattia Barbot
BMC Endocrine Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia disorder due to 17 α-hydroxylase deficiency: a case report
Yunling Tian, Lijie Hou, Shulan Xiang, Xuguang Tian, Jinhui Xu
Gynecological Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Landscape of Adrenal Tumours in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Mara Carsote, Ana-Maria Gheorghe, Claudiu Nistor, Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir, Oana-Claudia Sima, Anca-Pati Cucu, Adrian Ciuche, Eugenia Petrova, Adina Ghemigian
Biomedicines.2023; 11(11): 3081. CrossRef
17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency in 46,XY: Our Experience and Review of Literature
Madhur Maheshwari, Sneha Arya, Anurag Ranjan Lila, Vijaya Sarathi, Rohit Barnabas, Khushnandan Rai, Vishwambhar Vishnu Bhandare, Saba Samad Memon, Manjiri Pramod Karlekar, Virendra Patil, Nalini S Shah, Ambarish Kunwar, Tushar Bandgar
Journal of the Endocrine Society.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
17α-hydroxylase Deficiency Mimicking Hyperaldosteronism by Aldosterone-producing Adrenal Adenoma
Yun Kyung Cho, Hyeseon Oh, Sun-myoung Kang, Sujong An, Jin-Young Huh, Ji-Hyang Lee, Woo Je Lee
The Korean Journal of Medicine.2016; 91(2): 191. CrossRef

Laparoscopically Resected Composite Pheochromocytoma-Ganglioneuroma.: Na Rae Kim, Taeeun Kim, Jeong Nam Lee, Young Sil Eom, Dong Hae Chung, Sanghui Park, Hyun Yee Cho; Endocrinol Metab. 2011;26(4):340-344. Published online December 1, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.4.340

2,142 View
24 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma is one of the mixed neuroendocrine-neural tumors composed of pheochromocytoma and other neural crest derivatives. To date, less than 50 cases of composite pheochromocytoma have been reported, and about 70% of the accompanying tumors were ganglioneuromas. Here, we describe six cases of composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuromas in five men and one woman, aged 33 to 64. The size of the tumors ranged from 3.0 to 11.0 cm, and four out of the six presented with intermittent onset of hypertension, palpitation, or dizziness. Microscopically, each tumor was composed of large pleomorphic shaped chromaffin cells arranged in the Zellballen patterns characteristic of pheochromocytoma, and they were mixed with clusters of mature ganglion cells and bundles of spindle-shaped Schwann cells characteristic of ganglioneuroma of variable proportions. All were successfully treated laparoscopically, and none were associated with multiple endocrine neoplasm syndrome or neurofibromatosis. Preoperative diagnosis of a composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma is impossible because of the low incidence rate, and the radiological findings and symptoms are similar to those of typical pheochromocytomas. Although the significance of microscopic detection of the nonpheochromocytoma component from pheochromocytoma has not yet been clarified, microscopic identification of the composite pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma is important because cumulative cases are used in an effort to predict the behavior of this composite tumor.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Imaging of rare medullary adrenal tumours in adults
C.A. Maciel, Y.Z. Tang, G. Coniglio, A. Sahdev
Clinical Radiology.2016; 71(5): 484. CrossRef

A Case of Adrenal Teratoma.: Ji young Kim, Youn zoo Cho, Kang Woo Lee, Dong Mee Lim, Keun Young Park, Byung Joon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2011;26(3):272-275. Published online September 1, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.3.272

66,150 View
21 Download
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Teratoma is a congenital tumor containing tissues derived from all germ layers. Teratoma in the region of the adrenal gland is a very uncommon retroperitoneal tumor. Only 7 cases of adrenal teratoma have been reported worldwide, but in Korea, no similar cases have been reported until now. This case report describes an adrenal teratoma in a 38-year-old healthy woman who was incidentally diagnosed with a left adrenal mass on abdominal ultrasonography during a medical inspection. Computed tomographic scans revealed a 9-cm heterogeneous circumscribed round mass, containing primarily fat tissue, and a solid calcification component in the left adrenal gland. Adrenal hormonal assessment results and biochemical markers for gonadal neoplasia were negative. Result of serum laboratory tests were normal. The patient underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Histologic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a mature teratoma; the obtained specimen measured 5 x 7 x 7.5 cm and weighed 267 g. The surface of the mass was smooth, and sebaceous tissue and hair with hard material were observed on the incisional surface. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 4, without complications. In this case report, we describe the incidental finding of a teratoma occurring in the adrenal gland region in a healthy woman; the teratoma was laparoscopically excised.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Lipomatous tumours in adrenal gland: WHO updates and clinical implications
Alfred King-yin Lam
Endocrine-Related Cancer.2017; 24(3): R65. CrossRef
A Case of Teratoma of Thyroid Gland in Adolescence
Yu-Chang Lee, Su-Jin Jeong, Sol-Jae Lee, Chong-Hwa Kim, Yong-Hoon Lee, Jung-Eun Lee, Hye-Ji Seo
International Journal of Thyroidology.2017; 10(1): 61. CrossRef

A Case of Adrenal Actinomycosis that Mimicked a Huge Adrenal Tumor.: Eui Joo Kim, Hyon Seung Yi, Inku Yo, Sanghui Park, Kyoung Min Kim, Yoon Soo Park, Sihoon Lee, Yeun Sun Kim, Ie Byung Park; Endocrinol Metab. 2010;25(2):147-151. Published online June 1, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2010.25.2.147

2,095 View
23 Download
1 Crossref

Abstract PDF

The incidence of adrenal incidentalomas has increased because imaging studies are now being more frequently performed, including abdominal sonography, CT and MRI. Although there is only a consensus on the treatment of adrenal incidentalomas from the National Institute of Health (NIH) conference 2003, it is generally accepted that surgical resection is required if there's any possibility of malignancy or functionality of the adrenal tumor. Abdominopelvic actinomycosis is a rare chronic progressive suppurative disease that is caused by gram-positive bacteria of the genus actinomyces, which is part of the normal flora of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, with low virulence. Herein, we report on a case of adrenal actinomycosis that imitated a huge adrenal tumor in a 39-year-old women, and the adrenal actinomycosis was confirmed histologically only after adrenalectomy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Korean case report on actinomycosis that occurred in the adrenal gland.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Masking and misleading: concomitant actinomycosis and B-cell lymphoma – a case report and review of literature
Jo Anne Lim, Peng Shyan Wong, Kar Nim Leong, Kar Loon Wong, Ting Soo Chow
Scottish Medical Journal.2018; 63(4): 125. CrossRef

A Case of an Adrenal Hemangioma Mimicking a Pancreatic Tail Tumor.: Yun kyong Jeon, Ji Ryang Kim, Yong Seong An, Ji Hae Kwon, Yang Ho Kang, Seok Man Son, In Ju Kim, Yong Ki Kim; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2008;23(1):62-65. Published online February 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2008.23.1.62

1,794 View
21 Download

Abstract PDF: Adrenal hemangiomas are rare non-functioning tumors that originate from the retroperitoneal organs. They are generally asymptomatic, and are usually discovered at autopsy. In 1955, Johnson and Jeppensen reported the first case of a surgically removed adrenal hemangioma. We report a case of adrenal hemangioma that mimicked a pancreatic tail tumor, as detected by computed tomography. We made a diagnosis of an adrenal hemangioma from endoscopic ultrasonography and confirmed the diagnosis following a laparascopic adrenalectomy. If one is suspicious of an adrenal hemangioma, one needs to assess the lesion from every aspect. With the advancement of diagnostic techniques in arteriography, ultrasound, and computed tomography, the frequency of preoperative recognition and diagnosis is on the increase. Still, it is difficult to diagnose an adrenal hemangioma just from an imaging study. One should consider performing surgery for removal of the tumor to rule out a malignancy, and to prevent traumatic rupture. With the case presentation, we review the clinical, radiographic, and pathological features of adrenal hemangiomas.

A Case of Adrenal Angiomyolipoma.: Sung Kyun Kim, Woo Seok Lee, Gwi Hong Jeong, Hee Kyung Kim, Dae Sung Myung, Jin Ook Chung, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung, Ho Cheol Kang; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(5):371-375. Published online October 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.5.371

2,090 View
20 Download

Abstract PDF: An angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm that typically occurs in the kidney of patients with tuberous sclerosis. Extrarenal angiomyolipomas are uncommon, and the adrenal gland is an extremely rare site for the tumor. An incidental adrenal mass is the usual presentation of an adrenal angiomyolipoma, as most of the tumors are hormonally inactive. Recently we experienced one case of a right adrenal angiomyolipoma that presented with an adrenal incidentaloma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an adrenal angiomyolipoma described in the Korean medical literature. We report the case with a special emphasis on the differential imaging findings of fat-containing adrenal tumors.

First
Prev
Page of 2
Next
Last

Search