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Review Article
- Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
- Brown Fat and Metabolic Health: The Diverse Functions of Dietary Components
- Zachary Brown, Takeshi Yoneshiro
- Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(6):839-846. Published online November 20, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.2121
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Abstract
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ePub - Brown and beige adipocytes utilize a variety of substrates for cold-induced thermogenesis, contributing to the clearance of metabolites in circulation and, consequently, metabolic health. Food-derived compounds that exhibit agonistic activity at temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels may serve as cold mimics to elicit thermogenesis and substrate utilization in brown adipose tissue (BAT). In addition to fatty acids and glucose, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which are essential amino acids obtained from foods, are actively catabolized in BAT through mitochondrial BCAA carrier (MBC). The relative contribution of BCAAs to fueling the tricarboxylic acid cycle as a substrate (i.e., anaplerosis) is estimated to be relatively small, yet BCAA catabolism in BAT exerts a critical role in systemic insulin sensitivity. The nature of this apparent tension remained unclear until the recent discovery that active BCAA catabolism in BAT through MBC is critical for the synthesis of metabolites such as glutathione, which is delivered to the liver to improve hepatic insulin sensitivity through redox homeostasis. Novel mechanistic insights into the control of BAT function and systemic metabolism reveal the therapeutic potential of food-derived compounds for improving metabolic flexibility and insulin sensitivity.
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Citations
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- Bioactive Phytoconstituents Targeting Energy Expenditure and Appetite to Combat Obesity: A Comprehensive Review
Gayatri Thapa, Pervej Alom Barbhuiya, Manash Pratim Pathak
Current Nutrition Reports.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - Beyond Calories: Redox Interactions in Adipose Tissue That Lead to Metabolic Pathologies
Alfredo Miranda-Martínez, Erika Rodríguez-Martínez, Pamela Barragán-Reséndiz, Selva Rivas-Arancibia
Physiologia.2025; 5(4): 50. CrossRef
- Bioactive Phytoconstituents Targeting Energy Expenditure and Appetite to Combat Obesity: A Comprehensive Review
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