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Volume 32(3); September 2017
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Review Articles
Metabolic Surgery in Korea: What to Consider before Surgery
Mi-Kyung Kim, Yoonseok Heo
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):307-315.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.307
  • 4,280 View
  • 48 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   

Obesity is increasing globally and represents a significant global health problem because it predisposes towards various diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, degenerative joint disease, and certain types of cancer. Numerous studies have shown that bariatric surgery reduces body mass and ameliorates obesity-related complications, such as hypertension and hyperglycemia, suggesting that surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for severely obese and obese diabetic patients. Recent international guidelines recommend surgical treatment for diabetic patients with class III obesity (body mass index [BMI] >40 kg/m2), regardless of their level of glycemic control or the complexity of their glucose-lowering regimens, and for patients with class II obesity (BMI 35.0 to 39.9 kg/m2) and hyperglycemia that is poorly controlled despite appropriate lifestyle and pharmacological therapy. The most popular procedures are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, but new procedures with better outcomes have been reported. For optimal surgical outcome, comprehensive management including assessments of a medical condition, nutrition, mental health, and social support is needed before and after surgery. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding metabolic surgery in Korea. Therefore, this article reviews indications for metabolic surgery in patients with a specific focus on the situation in Korea.

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  • Relationship between peak expiratory flow and impaired functional capacity in obese individuals
    Graziele Mayra Santos Moreira, Angela Maria Ribeiro, Patrícia Maria de Melo Carvalho, Pedro Augusto de Carvalho Mira, Isabelle Magalhães Guedes Freitas
    Fisioterapia em Movimento.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies on Diabetic Microvascular Complications
Yu Mi Kang, Chang Hee Jung
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):316-325.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.316
  • 4,556 View
  • 55 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   

The morbidity and mortality associated with diabetic complications impose a huge socioeconomic burden worldwide. Therefore, the ultimate goal of managing diabetes mellitus (DM) is to lower the risk of macrovascular complications and highly morbid microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Potential benefits of incretin-based therapies such as glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on the diabetic macrovascular complications have been recently suggested, owing to their pleiotropic effects on multiple organ systems. However, studies primarily investigating the role of these therapies in diabetic microvascular complications are rare. Nevertheless, preclinical and limited clinical data suggest the potential protective effect of incretin-based agents against DN and DR via their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiapoptotic properties. Evidence also suggests that these incretin-dependent and independent beneficial effects are not necessarily associated with the glucose-lowering properties of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors. Hence, in this review, we revisit the preclinical and clinical evidence of incretin-based therapy for DR and DN, the two most common, morbid complications in individuals with DM. In addition, the review discusses a few recent studies raising concerns of aggravating DR with the use of incretin-based therapies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Efficacy and Safety of the Utilization of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitors in Diabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
    Moeber Mahzari, Muhannad Alqirnas, Moustafa Alhamadh, Faisal Alrasheed, Abdulrahman Alhabeeb, Wedad Al Madani, Hussain Aldera
    Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2024; Volume 17: 1425.     CrossRef
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    Alessandra Puddu, Davide Maggi
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(20): 12428.     CrossRef
  • Diabetes and Its Complications: Therapies Available, Anticipated and Aspired
    Anu Grover, Komal Sharma, Suresh Gautam, Srishti Gautam, Monica Gulati, Sachin Kumar Singh
    Current Diabetes Reviews.2021; 17(4): 397.     CrossRef
  • SGLT2 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Agonists, and DPP-4 Inhibitors in Diabetes and Microvascular Complications: A Review
    Christopher El Mouhayyar, Ruba Riachy, Abir Bou Khalil, Asaad Eid, Sami Azar
    International Journal of Endocrinology.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
  • Novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease
    Rachel E. Hartman, P.S.S. Rao, Mariann D. Churchwell, Susan J. Lewis
    Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs.2020; 29(11): 1277.     CrossRef
  • Nationwide Trends in Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer Risk Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
    Minyoung Lee, Jiyu Sun, Minkyung Han, Yongin Cho, Ji-Yeon Lee, Chung Mo Nam, Eun Seok Kang
    Diabetes Care.2019; 42(11): 2057.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors on Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Jae Hyun Bae, Sunhee Kim, Eun-Gee Park, Sin Gon Kim, Seokyung Hahn, Nam Hoon Kim
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2019; 34(1): 80.     CrossRef
  • Serum adipocytokines are associated with microalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes and incipient chronic complications
    Tomislav Bulum, Marijana Vučić Lovrenčić, Martina Tomić, Sandra Vučković-Rebrina, Vinko Roso, Branko Kolarić, Vladimir Vuksan, Lea Duvnjak
    Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2019; 13(1): 496.     CrossRef
  • Protective Effects of Incretin Against Age-Related Diseases
    Di Zhang, Mingzhu Ma, Yueze Liu
    Current Drug Delivery.2019; 16(9): 793.     CrossRef
  • The role of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors in management of cardiovascular disease in diabetes; focus on linagliptin
    Annayya R. Aroor, Camila Manrique-Acevedo, Vincent G. DeMarco
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Epigenetic Modifications: Novel Therapeutic Approach for Thyroid Cancer
Xuguang Zhu, Sheue-yann Cheng
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):326-331.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.326
  • 3,850 View
  • 39 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   

The incidence of thyroid cancer is growing the fastest among all cancers in the United States, especially in women. The number of patients with thyroid neoplasm is part of an even larger number of patients who often need to undergo an operation to exclude a cancer diagnosis. While differentiated thyroid cancer (papillary thyroid cancer and follicular thyroid cancer) accounts for most cases of thyroid cancer and has a relatively good prognosis, effective treatments for patients with de-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancer are still gravely needed. Despite progress in the identification of genetic changes in thyroid cancer, the impact of aberrant epigenetic alterations on thyroid cancer remains to be fully elucidated. Understanding of the roles of epigenetic changes in thyroid cancer could open new opportunities for the identification of innovative molecular targets for novel treatment modalities, especially for anaplastic thyroid cancer for which treatment is very limited. This article briefly reviews the studies that exemplify the potential for and promise of using epigenetic regulators in the treatment of thyroid cancer.

Citations

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    Hatice Ozisik, Berrin Ozdil, Aslı Suner, Murat Sipahi, Mehmet Erdogan, Sevki Cetinkalp, Gokhan Ozgen, Fusun Saygili, Gulgun Oktay, Huseyin Aktug
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    Valerie Jacquemin, Mathieu Antoine, Geneviève Dom, Vincent Detours, Carine Maenhaut, Jacques E. Dumont
    Cancers.2022; 14(2): 280.     CrossRef
  • Thyroid Carcinoma: A Review for 25 Years of Environmental Risk Factors Studies
    Eva Kruger, Eman A. Toraih, Mohammad H. Hussein, Shaimaa A. Shehata, Amani Waheed, Manal S. Fawzy, Emad Kandil
    Cancers.2022; 14(24): 6172.     CrossRef
  • Study of Essential and Toxic Metal Imbalances in the Scalp Hair of Thyroid Cancer Patients in Comparison with Healthy Donors
    Kalsoom Bibi, Munir H. Shah
    Biological Trace Element Research.2021; 199(2): 500.     CrossRef
  • Modern concepts of the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer
    A. A. Mikhailova, A. V. Shestakov, K. A. Chubakova, E. V. Kolokolova, V. Yu. Eliseev, M. Ya. Kostyaeva, E. G. Akperov, V. E. Pilipenko, T. V. Saprina, M. R. Mukhamedov, E. L. Choinzonov
    Advances in Molecular Oncology.2021; 8(2): 8.     CrossRef
  • Effect of valproic acid on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase in a model of anaplastic thyroid cancer
    Nur Selvi Gunel, Nihal Birden, Cansu Caliskan Kurt, Bakiye Goker Bagca, Behrouz Shademan, Fatma Sogutlu, Neslihan Pinar Ozates, Cigir Biray Avci
    Molecular Biology Reports.2021; 48(8): 6085.     CrossRef
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Papillary Thyroid Cancer
    Eleftherios Spartalis, Konstantinos Kotrotsios, Dimosthenis Chrysikos, Michael Spartalis, Stavroula A. Paschou, Dimitrios Schizas, Konstantinos Tsamakis, Dimitrios Dimitroulis, Theodore Troupis, Nikolaos Nikiteas
    Current Pharmaceutical Design.2021; 27(18): 2199.     CrossRef
  • HDAC1 and HDAC2 Double Knockout Triggers Cell Apoptosis in Advanced Thyroid Cancer
    Ching-Ling Lin, Ming-Lin Tsai, Chun-Yu Lin, Kai-Wen Hsu, Wen-Shyang Hsieh, Wei-Ming Chi, Li-Chi Huang, Chia-Hwa Lee
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(2): 454.     CrossRef
  • Systems Biology Approaches to Investigate Genetic and Epigenetic Molecular Progression Mechanisms for Identifying Gene Expression Signatures in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
    Shan-Ju Yeh, Chien-Yu Lin, Cheng-Wei Li, Bor-Sen Chen
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2019; 20(10): 2536.     CrossRef
  • Human telomerase reverse transcriptase in papillary thyroid cancer: gene expression, effects of silencing and regulation by BET inhibitors in thyroid cancer cells
    Valentina Maggisano, Marilena Celano, Saverio Massimo Lepore, Marialuisa Sponziello, Francesca Rosignolo, Valeria Pecce, Antonella Verrienti, Federica Baldan, Catia Mio, Lorenzo Allegri, Marianna Maranghi, Rosa Falcone, Giuseppe Damante, Diego Russo, Stef
    Endocrine.2019; 63(3): 545.     CrossRef
  • Role of Emerging Environmental Risk Factors in Thyroid Cancer: A Brief Review
    Maria Fiore, Gea Oliveri Conti, Rosario Caltabiano, Antonino Buffone, Pietro Zuccarello, Livia Cormaci, Matteo Angelo Cannizzaro, Margherita Ferrante
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(7): 1185.     CrossRef
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CTNNB1 Mutation in Aldosterone Producing Adenoma
Jian-Jhong Wang, Kang-Yung Peng, Vin-Cent Wu, Fen-Yu Tseng, Kwan-Dun Wu
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):332-338.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.332
  • 4,744 View
  • 57 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   

Discoveries of somatic mutations permit the recognition of subtypes of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) with distinct clinical presentations and pathological features. Catenin β1 (CTNNB1) mutation in APAs has been recently described and discussed in the literature. However, significant knowledge gaps still remain regarding the prevalence, clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and outcomes in APA patients harboring CTNNB1 mutations. Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway will further modulate tumorigenesis. We also discuss the recent knowledge of CTNNB1 mutation in adrenal adenomas.

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    Nature Genetics.2021; 53(9): 1360.     CrossRef
  • Beta-Catenin Causes Adrenal Hyperplasia by Blocking Zonal Transdifferentiation
    Emanuele Pignatti, Sining Leng, Yixing Yuchi, Kleiton S. Borges, Nick A. Guagliardo, Manasvi S. Shah, Gerard Ruiz-Babot, Dulanjalee Kariyawasam, Makoto Mark Taketo, Ji Miao, Paula Q. Barrett, Diana L. Carlone, David T. Breault
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    A. L. Markel
    Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding.2019; 22(8): 1000.     CrossRef
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    Clinical Endocrinology.2018; 89(4): 385.     CrossRef
  • Genetic Characterization of GnRH/LH-Responsive Primary Aldosteronism
    Nadia Gagnon, Katia Y Cáceres-Gorriti, Gilles Corbeil, Nada El Ghoyareb, Natasha Ludwig, Mathieu Latour, André Lacroix, Isabelle Bourdeau
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2018; 103(8): 2926.     CrossRef
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Calcium and Cardiovascular Disease
Ian R. Reid, Sarah M. Birstow, Mark J. Bolland
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):339-349.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.339
  • 10,282 View
  • 128 Download
  • 70 Web of Science
  • 68 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   

Circulating calcium is a risk factor for vascular disease, a conclusion arising from prospective studies involving hundreds of thousands of participants and extending over periods of up to 30 years. These associations may be partially mediated by other cardiovascular risk factors such as circulating lipid levels, blood pressure, and body mass index, but there appears to be a residual independent effect of serum calcium. Polymorphisms of the calcium-sensing receptor associated with small elevations of serum calcium are also associated with cardiovascular disease, suggesting that calcium plays a causative role. Trials of calcium supplements in patients on dialysis and those with less severe renal failure demonstrate increased mortality and/or acceleration of vascular disease, and meta-analyses of trials in those without overt renal disease suggest a similar adverse effect. Interpretation of the latter trials is complicated by a significant interaction between baseline use of calcium supplements and the effect of randomisation to calcium in the largest trial. Restriction of analysis to those who are calcium-naive demonstrates a consistent adverse effect. Observational studies of dietary calcium do not demonstrate a consistent adverse effect on cardiovascular health, though very high or very low intakes may be deleterious. Thus, obtaining calcium from the diet rather than supplements is to be encouraged.

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    Current Problems in Cardiology.2024; 49(1): 102119.     CrossRef
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    Nutrients.2024; 16(7): 1043.     CrossRef
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    Indian Journal of Surgery.2023; 85(S1): 106.     CrossRef
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    Ryan Duong, Xiaoyu Cai, Naveen Ambati, Yevgeniy Shildkrot, Rebecca Sieburth
    Eye.2023; 37(8): 1678.     CrossRef
  • L-shaped association of serum calcium with all-cause and CVD mortality in the US adults: A population-based prospective cohort study
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  • The Relationship between Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases and Total Drinking Water Hardness: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
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    Jae-Min Park, Bora Lee, Young-Sang Kim, Kyung-Won Hong, Yon Chul Park, Dong Hyeok Shin, Yonghwan Kim, Kunhee Han, Kwangyoon Kim, Junghwa Shin, Mina Kim, Bom-Taeck Kim
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    Wenjie Liang, Jian Fu, Xin Tian, Jiaxue Tian, Yu Yang, Wencui Fan, Zijuan Du, Zheyu Jin
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    Ian R Reid
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  • Phenotypic plasticity of vascular smooth muscle cells in vascular calcification: Role of mitochondria
    Yan Zhong Liu, Zong Xiang Li, Lin Lin Zhang, Dan Wang, Yi Ping Liu
    Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between serum calcium level and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study
    Dingfeng Fang, Haibo Chen
    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Calcium and vitamin D supplements for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Should it be widely used?
    Yuliya A. Kaminarskaya
    Clinical nutrition and metabolism.2022; 3(3): 167.     CrossRef
  • Calcium Signalling in Heart and Vessels: Role of Calmodulin and Downstream Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
    Sofia Beghi, Malgorzata Furmanik, Armand Jaminon, Rogier Veltrop, Nikolas Rapp, Kanin Wichapong, Elham Bidar, Annamaria Buschini, Leon J. Schurgers
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(24): 16139.     CrossRef
  • Childhood and long-term dietary calcium intake and adult cardiovascular risk in a population with high calcium intake
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  • Collagen networks within 3D PEG hydrogels support valvular interstitial cell matrix mineralization
    Megan E. Schroeder, Andrea Gonzalez Rodriguez, Kelly F. Speckl, Cierra J. Walker, Firaol S. Midekssa, Joseph C. Grim, Robert M. Weiss, Kristi S. Anseth
    Acta Biomaterialia.2021; 119: 197.     CrossRef
  • Effects of High-Impact Weight-Bearing Exercise on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Metabolism in Middle-Aged Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
    Sung-Woo Kim, Myong-Won Seo, Hyun-Chul Jung, Jong-Kook Song
    Applied Sciences.2021; 11(2): 846.     CrossRef
  • Higher Intakes of Potassium and Magnesium, but Not Lower Sodium, Reduce Cardiovascular Risk in the Framingham Offspring Study
    R. Taylor Pickering, M. Loring Bradlee, Martha R. Singer, Lynn L. Moore
    Nutrients.2021; 13(1): 269.     CrossRef
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Editorial
Endocrinology and Metabolism Is Indexed in the Emerging Sources Citation Index
Won-Young Lee
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):350-352.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.350
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Citations

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  • Triennial Report ofEndocrinology and Metabolism, 2015 to 2017
    Eun-Jung Rhee, Hey Yeon Jang, Won-Young Lee
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2018; 33(2): 195.     CrossRef
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Original Articles
Clinical Study
The Eosinophil Count Tends to Be Negatively Associated with Levels of Serum Glucose in Patients with Adrenal Cushing Syndrome
Younghak Lee, Hyon-Seung Yi, Hae Ri Kim, Kyong Hye Joung, Yea Eun Kang, Ju Hee Lee, Koon Soon Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku, Minho Shong
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):353-359.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.353
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  • 6 Web of Science
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Cushing syndrome is characterized by glucose intolerance, cardiovascular disease, and an enhanced systemic inflammatory response caused by chronic exposure to excess cortisol. Eosinopenia is frequently observed in patients with adrenal Cushing syndrome, but the relationship between the eosinophil count in peripheral blood and indicators of glucose level in patients with adrenal Cushing syndrome has not been determined.

Methods

A retrospective study was undertaken of the clinical and laboratory findings of 40 patients diagnosed with adrenal Cushing syndrome at Chungnam National University Hospital from January 2006 to December 2016. Clinical characteristics, complete blood cell counts with white blood cell differential, measures of their endocrine function, description of imaging studies, and pathologic findings were obtained from their medical records.

Results

Eosinophil composition and count were restored by surgical treatment of all of the patients with adrenal Cushing disease. The eosinophil count was inversely correlated with serum and urine cortisol, glycated hemoglobin, and inflammatory markers in the patients with adrenal Cushing syndrome.

Conclusion

Smaller eosinophil populations in patients with adrenal Cushing syndrome tend to be correlated with higher levels of blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin. This study suggests that peripheral blood eosinophil composition or count may be associated with serum glucose levels in patients with adrenal Cushing syndrome.

Citations

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  • Association between Eosinophil Count and Cortisol Concentrations in Equids Admitted in the Emergency Unit with Abdominal Pain
    María Villalba-Orero, María Dolores Contreras-Aguilar, Jose Joaquín Cerón, Beatriz Fuentes-Romero, Marta Valero-González, María Martín-Cuervo
    Animals.2024; 14(1): 164.     CrossRef
  • Inverse relationship between eosinophil profiles and serum glucose concentration in dogs with naturally occurring hypercortisolism
    Jimin Oh, Dohee Lee, Taesik Yun, Yoonhoi Koo, Yeon Chae, Mhan-Pyo Yang, Byeong-Teck Kang, Hakhyun Kim
    Domestic Animal Endocrinology.2022; 80: 106727.     CrossRef
  • Serum Cortisol and Its Correlation with Leucocyte Profile and Circulating Lipids in Donkeys (Equus asinus)
    Daniela Alberghina, Alessandra Statelli, Vincenzo Monteverde, Irene Vazzana, Giuseppe Cascone, Michele Panzera
    Animals.2022; 12(7): 841.     CrossRef
  • Changes in leukocytes and CRP in different stages of major depression
    Deepti Singh, Paul C. Guest, Henrik Dobrowolny, Veronika Vasilevska, Gabriela Meyer-Lotz, Hans-Gert Bernstein, Katrin Borucki, Alexandra Neyazi, Bernhard Bogerts, Roland Jacobs, Johann Steiner
    Journal of Neuroinflammation.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • HIF1α is a direct regulator of steroidogenesis in the adrenal gland
    Deepika Watts, Johanna Stein, Ana Meneses, Nicole Bechmann, Ales Neuwirth, Denise Kaden, Anja Krüger, Anupam Sinha, Vasileia Ismini Alexaki, Luis Gustavo Perez-Rivas, Stefan Kircher, Antoine Martinez, Marily Theodoropoulou, Graeme Eisenhofer, Mirko Peitz
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    Valeria Hasenmajer, Emilia Sbardella, Francesca Sciarra, Marianna Minnetti, Andrea M. Isidori, Mary Anna Venneri
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Clinical Study
Leu72Met and Other Intronic Polymorphisms in the GHRL and GHSR Genes Are Not Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Resistance, or Serum Ghrelin Levels in a Saudi Population
Faris Elbahi Joatar, Ali Ahmed Al Qarni, Muhalab E. Ali, Abdulaziz Al Masaud, Abdirashid M. Shire, Nagalla Das, Khalid Gumaa, Hayder A. Giha
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):360-369.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.360
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Ghrelin (GHRL), a gastric peptide encoded by the GHRL gene, is known to be involved in energy homeostasis via its G protein receptor, encoded by the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) gene. Some studies have shown associations between plasma GHRL levels and GHRL single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely the Leu72Met polymorphism (rs696217 TG), with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR), while others have not. The controversies in these associations raise the issue of ‘which SNPs in which populations.’ The aim of this study was to investigate whether SNPs in GHRL and/or GHSR genes were associated with T2DM, IR, or plasma GHRL levels among Arab Saudis.

Methods

Blood was collected from 208 Saudi subjects with (n=107) and without (n=101) T2DM. DNA samples from these subjects were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction to genotype five intronic SNPs in the GHRL (rs696217 TG, rs27647 CT, rs2075356 CT, and rs4684677 AT) and GHSR (rs509030 GC) genes. In addition, plasma GHRL levels were measured by a radioimmunoassay.

Results

None of the SNPs were associated with T2DM, IR, or plasma GHRL levels. The frequencies of the alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes of the five SNPs were comparable between the T2DM patients and the non-diabetic subjects. A large number of the GHRL haplotypes indicates the molecular heterogeneity of the preproghrelin gene in this region.

Conclusion

Neither the Leu72Met polymorphism nor the other intronic GHRL and GHSR SNPs were associated with T2DM, IR, or GHRL levels. Further investigations should be carried out to explain the molecular basis of the association of the GHRL peptide with T2DM and IR.

Citations

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  • Relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism studies in ghrelin gene with obesity subjects
    May Salem Al-Nbaheen
    Journal of King Saud University - Science.2023; 35(1): 102393.     CrossRef
  • Leu72Met Polymorphism in Ghrelin Gene: A Potential Risk Factor for Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
    Monika Buraczynska, Jakub Golacki, Wojciech Zaluska
    Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2023; Volume 16: 557.     CrossRef
  • Асоціації варіантів гена GHRL із розвитком ожиріння та метаболічних порушень у дітей
    A. Abaturov, A. Nikulina
    CHILD`S HEALTH.2023; 18(4): 255.     CrossRef
  • Effect of the GHRL gene (rs696217) polymorphism on the metabolic disorders in patients with obesity in the Ukrainian population
    Andrii Prodan, Ihor Dzubanovsky, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi, Natalia Melnyk, Stepan Grytsenko, Stanislava Voloshyn
    Endocrine Regulations.2023; 57(1): 173.     CrossRef
  • Impact of gene polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase and ghrelin as a risk factor in Egyptian women with gestational diabetes mellitus
    Mai M. Madkour, Afaf M. El-Said, Abd El-Aziz A. El-Refaey, Abd El-Aziz F. Abd El-Aziz, Fardous F. El-Senduny
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hayder A. Giha, Faris E. Joatar, Dhuha M. B. AlDehaini, Zainab H. A. Malalla, Muhalab E. Ali, Ali A. Al Qarni
    Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation.2022; 43(3): 297.     CrossRef
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    Osman Oğuz, Arezoo Gheybi, Zeliha Doğan, Feray Akbaş, Ümit Zeybek, Arzu Ergen
    Turkish Journal of Biochemistry.2022; 47(5): 564.     CrossRef
  • Grelin ve Grelin Reseptörü Polimorfizmlerinin Tip 2 Diyabetle İlişkisi
    Esma SELÇUK, Uğur ŞAHİN, Didem ÖZKAHRAMAN, Mustafa CALAPOĞLU, Nilüfer ŞAHİN CALAPOĞLU
    Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2022; 13(2): 218.     CrossRef
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    Xiaomeng Wang, Fengxiang Qu, Chunlian Wang, Yan Wang, Dan Wang, Min Zhao, Xiangbing Yun, Qingmei Zheng, Lin Xu
    Gynecological Endocrinology.2020; 36(7): 594.     CrossRef
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    Shengnan Yang, Yuan Zhang, Fukui Shen, Xiaoyao Ma, Man Zhang, Yuanyuan Hou, Gang Bai
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  • Ethnicity-Specific Association Between Ghrelin Leu72Met Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility: An Updated Meta-Analysis
    Rong Huang, Sai Tian, Rongrong Cai, Jie Sun, Yanjue Shen, Shaohua Wang
    Frontiers in Genetics.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
Close layer
Clinical Study
Excessive Iodine Status among School-Age Children in Korea: A First Report
Young Sik Choi, Soyoung Ock, Sukyoung Kwon, Sang Bong Jung, Kwang-Hyuk Seok, Young Jin Kim, Bu Kyung Kim, Jee-Yeong Jeong
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):370-374.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.370
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Korea is considered an iodine sufficient country, and several studies have been conducted regarding iodine status in healthy Korean adults, pregnant women, and preschool children. However, data on iodine status in Korean school-age children are lacking. Therefore, the iodine nutrition status of Korean school-age children was investigated by measuring urine iodine concentration (UIC).

Methods

This cross-sectional study conducted between April and September 2016 comprised 373 school-age children. UIC was determined using a modified microplate method employing ammonium persulfate digestion followed by Sandell-Kolthoff reaction.

Results

The median UIC was 458.2 µg/L. Excessive iodine intake (>300 µg/L) was found in 286 children (76.7%), with extremely high values exceeding 1,000 µg/L in 19.6% of subjects. Insufficient iodine intake (<100 µg/L) was observed in eight children (2.1%). UIC values were not significantly different between sexes.

Conclusion

Korean school-age children showed excessive iodine intake. Therefore, education regarding adequate iodine intake in school-age children is needed.

Citations

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  • Relationship of iodine excess with thyroid function in 6-year-old children living in an iodine-replete area
    Yun Jeong Lee, Sun Wook Cho, Youn-Hee Lim, Bung-Nyun Kim, Johanna Inhyang Kim, Yun-Chul Hong, Young Joo Park, Choong Ho Shin, Young Ah Lee
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Mohamed Hamad J. T. Al‐Thani, Salah Abdulla Sh. A. Alyafei, Kholoud Ateeq K. M. Al‐Motawaa, Shamseldin Ali Khalifa, Syed Hassan Bin Usman Shah, Benjamin Vinodson, Sureshbabu Kokku, Amit Mishra
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    Zhongyan Shan, Yushu Li, Yongze Li, Haoyu Wang, Di Teng, Xiaochun Teng, Wei Chong, Xiaoguang Shi, Jing Li, Jiahui Guo, Zhe Lou, Chenling Fan, Shuangning Ding, Li He, Hua Liu, Elizabeth N. Pearce, Weiping Teng
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    Jonghwa Ahn, Jang Ho Lee, Jiwoo Lee, Ji Yeon Baek, Eyun Song, Hye-Seon Oh, Mijin Kim, Suyeon Park, Min Ji Jeon, Tae Yong Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Gu Kim
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    Young Ah Lee, Sun Wook Cho, Ho Kyung Sung, Kyungsik Kim, Young Shin Song, Sin Je Moon, Jung Won Oh, Dal Lae Ju, Sooyeon Choi, Sang Hoon Song, Gi Jeong Cheon, Young Joo Park, Choong Ho Shin, Sue K. Park, Jong Kwan Jun, June-Key Chung
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2018; 33(3): 395.     CrossRef
Close layer
Clinical Study
A Novel Index Using Soluble CD36 Is Associated with the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Comparison Study with Triglyceride-Glucose Index
Ho Jin Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Il Rae Park, Joong Hee Kim, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):375-382.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.375
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Plasma soluble cluster determinant 36 (sCD36) level is closely related with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis, but little is known whether it could be a surrogate for estimating risk of developing diabetes or not. To address this, we evaluated association between sCD36 index, the product of sCD36 and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and then compared with triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index which has been suggested simple index for insulin resistance.

Methods

This was cross-sectional study, and participants were classified as normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes, and T2DM according to glucose tolerance. The formula of TyG index was ‘ln [FPG (mg/dL)×triglyceride (mg/dL)/2],’ and the sCD36 index was ‘ln [sCD36 (pg/mL)×FPG (mg/dL)/2].’

Results

One hundred and fifty-five subjects (mean age, 55.2 years) were enrolled, and patients with T2DM were 75. Both indexes were significantly increased in prediabetes and T2DM rather than NGT, and sCD36 index was positively correlated with both glycosylated hemoglobin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (r=0.767 and r=0.453, respectively; P<0.05) and negatively with homeostasis model assessment estimate of β-cell function (r=−0.317). The odds ratio (OR) of sCD36 index for T2DM was 4.39 (95% confidential interval, 1.51 to 12.77) after adjusting age, gender, blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. However, OR of TyG index did not remained significance after adjustment.

Conclusion

sCD36 index has an independent association with the risk of T2DM, and showed better correlation than TyG index. These results suggest sCD36 index might be useful surrogate marker for the risk of diabetes.

Citations

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    Miriam Beatrís Reckziegel, Patrik Nepomuceno, Tania Machado, Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner, Hildegard Hedwig Pohl, Carlos Alberto Nogueira-de-Almeida, Elza Daniel de Mello
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    Alla Mitrofanova, George Burke, Sandra Merscher, Alessia Fornoni
    World Journal of Diabetes.2021; 12(5): 524.     CrossRef
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    Jun Sung Moon, Udayakumar Karunakaran, Elumalai Suma, Seung Min Chung, Kyu Chang Won
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2020; 44(2): 222.     CrossRef
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    Kamila Puchałowicz, Monika Ewa Rać
    Cells.2020; 9(8): 1877.     CrossRef
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Clinical Study
The Role of Circulating Slit2, the One of the Newly Batokines, in Human Diabetes Mellitus
Yea Eun Kang, Sorim Choung, Ju Hee Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):383-388.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.383
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  • 52 Download
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Slit2 is a new secreted protein from adipose tissue that improves glucose hemostasis in mice; however, there is no study about the serum levels and precise role of Slit2 in human. The aim of this study is to explore the serum level of Slit2 in human, and to identify the role of Slit2 in diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods

The participants of this study consist of 38 subjects with newly diagnosed DM, and 75 healthy subjects as a control group. Serum Slit2 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Relationship between circulating Slit2 and diabetic related factors was investigated in diabetic group compared with non-diabetic group. Additionally, the correlations between the serum level of Slit2 and diverse metabolic parameters were analyzed.

Results

Circulating Slit2 level was more decreased in diabetic group than in control group, but there was no significant difference statistically. Interestingly, serum levels of Slit2 were significantly negatively correlated to the serum concentrations of fasting glucose (coefficient r=–0.246, P=0.008), the serum concentrations of postprandial glucose (coefficient r=–0.233, P=0.017), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c; coefficient r=–0.357, P<0.001).

Conclusion

From our study, the first report of circulating Slit2 levels in human, circulating Slit2 level significantly negatively correlated with serum glucose and HbA1c. Our results suggest that the circulating Slit2 may play a role in maintainence of glucose homeostasis in human, even though exact contribution and mechanism are not yet known.

Citations

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  • Brown adipose tissue-derived metabolites and their role in regulating metabolism
    Khanyisani Ziqubu, Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla, Sihle E. Mabhida, Babalwa U. Jack, Susanne Keipert, Martin Jastroch, Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje
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Endocrine Research
Effects of Lobeglitazone, a New Thiazolidinedione, on Osteoblastogenesis and Bone Mineral Density in Mice
Kyoung Min Kim, Hyun-Jin Jin, Seo Yeon Lee, Hyo Jin Maeng, Gha Young Lee, Tae Jung Oh, Sung Hee Choi, Hak Chul Jang, Soo Lim
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):389-395.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.389
  • 4,755 View
  • 50 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • 10 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Bone strength is impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus despite an increase in bone mineral density (BMD). Thiazolidinedione (TZD), a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ agonist, promotes adipogenesis, and suppresses osteoblastogenesis. Therefore, its use is associated with an increased risk of fracture. The aim of this study was to examine the in vitro and in vivo effects of lobeglitazone, a new TZD, on bone.

Methods

MC3T3E1 and C3H10T1/2 cells were cultured in osteogenic medium and exposed to lobeglitazone (0.1 or 1 µM), rosiglitazone (0.4 µM), or pioglitazone (1 µM) for 10 to 14 days. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin red staining, and osteoblast marker gene expression were analyzed. For in vivo experiments, 6-month-old C57BL/6 mice were treated with vehicle, one of two doses of lobeglitazone, rosiglitazone, or pioglitazone. BMD was assessed using a PIXImus2 instrument at the baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment.

Results

As expected, in vitro experiments showed that ALP activity was suppressed and the mRNA expression of osteoblast marker genes RUNX2 (runt-related transcription factor 2) and osteocalcin was significantly attenuated after rosiglitazone treatment. By contrast, lobeglitazone at either dose did not inhibit these variables. Rosiglitazone-treated mice showed significantly accelerated bone loss for the whole bone and femur, but BMD did not differ significantly between the lobeglitazone-treated and vehicle-treated mice.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that lobeglitazone has no detrimental effects on osteoblast biology and might not induce side effects in the skeletal system.

Citations

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Letter
Letter: Utility of the Visceral Adiposity Index and Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype for Predicting Incident Hypertension (Endocrinol Metab 2017;32:221-9, Mohsen Janghorbani et al.)
Eun-Jung Rhee
Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(3):396-397.   Published online September 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.3.396
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  • 25 Download
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PDFPubReader   

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Relationship between fatty pancreas and hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype: a cross-sectional study
    Xiaoping Yu, Dan Wang, Weiming Xiao, Xinlin Shi, Qiang She, Hongguang Sun, Tingyue Qi, Renyan Xu, Guiqing Li, Xinnong Liu, Weijuan Gong, Zhigang Yan, Yanbing Ding, Guotao Lu
    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Response: Utility of the Visceral Adiposity Index and Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype for Predicting Incident Hypertension (Endocrinol Metab 2017;32:221-9, Mohsen Janghorbani et al.)
    Mohsen Janghorbani
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 32(4): 485.     CrossRef
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Endocrinol Metab : Endocrinology and Metabolism