- Miscellaneous
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Position Statement from Korean Endocrine Society and Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology
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Jung Hee Kim, Hyun Wook Chae, Sang Ouk Chin, Cheol Ryong Ku, Kyeong Hye Park, Dong Jun Lim, Kwang Joon Kim, Jung Soo Lim, Gyuri Kim, Yun Mi Choi, Seong Hee Ahn, Min Ji Jeon, Yul Hwangbo, Ju Hee Lee, Bu Kyung Kim, Yong Jun Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Seong-Su Moon, Hwa Young Ahn, Hoon Sung Choi, Sang Mo Hong, Dong Yeob Shin, Ji A Seo, Se Hwa Kim, Seungjoon Oh, Sung Hoon Yu, Byung Joon Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Sung-Woon Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, Eun Jig Lee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(2):272-287. Published online June 24, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.2.272
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- Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is caused by congenital or acquired causes and occurs in childhood or adulthood. GH replacement therapy brings benefits to body composition, exercise capacity, skeletal health, cardiovascular outcomes, and quality of life. Before initiating GH replacement, GH deficiency should be confirmed through proper stimulation tests, and in cases with proven genetic causes or structural lesions, repeated GH stimulation testing is not necessary. The dosing regimen of GH replacement therapy should be individualized, with the goal of minimizing side effects and maximizing clinical improvements. The Korean Endocrine Society and the Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology have developed a position statement on the diagnosis and treatment of GH deficiency. This position statement is based on a systematic review of evidence and expert opinions.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Once-Weekly Somapacitan as an Alternative Management of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Prepubertal Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial
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Obieda Altobaishat, Mohamed Abouzid, Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad, Abdulrahman Sharaf, Yazan Al-Ajlouni, Tungki Pratama Umar, Abdallah Bani-salameh, Mohammad Tanashat, Omar Abdullah Bataineh, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan Endocrine.2024; 85(2): 545. CrossRef - Growth Hormone Deficiency and Growth Hormone Stimulation Test
胜彬 孙 Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(06): 1587. CrossRef - Clinical Management of Postoperative Growth Hormone Deficiency in Hypothalamic-Pituitary Tumors
Pedro Iglesias Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(15): 4307. CrossRef - Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency
Anastasia Ibba, Chiara Guzzetti, Lavinia Sanfilippo, Sandro Loche Endocrines.2024; 5(3): 341. CrossRef - L‐DOPA Test in the Diagnosis of Childhood Short Stature: Evaluation of Growth Hormone Peaks Over Time
Barbara Castelli, Rita De Santis, Simona Carrera, Marco Andrea Malanima, Salvatore De Masi, Stefano Stagi Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Hsa_circ_0002473 inhibits GH3 cell proliferation and GH secretion as a competitive endogenous RNA for has-miR-4645-3p
Kaiyu Pan, Xiaoguang Jiang, Xiaohong Hu, Jianhua Zhan, Chengyue Zhang Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 37(12): 1054. CrossRef - Baseline Clinical Factors Associated with Cessation of Growth Hormone Therapy in Patients with Severe Growth Hormone Deficiency - Real World Evidence
Nageswary Nadarajah, Emmanuel Ssemmondo, Shani Brooks, Remi Akinyombo, Kazeem Adeleke, Harshal Deshmukh, Thozhukat Sathyapalan International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - GHRH in diabetes and metabolism
Charlotte Steenblock, Stefan R. Bornstein Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Cohort profile: Multicenter Networks for Ideal Outcomes of Rare Pediatric Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases in Korea (OUTSPREAD study)
Yun Jeong Lee, Chong Kun Cheon, Junghwan Suh, Jung-Eun Moon, Moon Bae Ahn, Seong Hwan Chang, Jieun Lee, Jin Ho Choi, Minsun Kim, Han Hyuk Lim, Jaehyun Kim, Shin-Hye Kim, Hae Sang Lee, Yena Lee, Eungu Kang, Se Young Kim, Yong Hee Hong, Seung Yang, Heon-Seo Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 29(6): 349. CrossRef - Pituitary abnormalities in patients with pediatric growth hormone deficiency in a single tertiary center
Hyeon Jun Jung, Jeong Rye Kim, Jeesuk Yu Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 29(6): 365. CrossRef - Evaluation of Adult Height in Patients with Non-Permanent Idiopathic GH Deficiency
Agnese Murianni, Anna Lussu, Chiara Guzzetti, Anastasia Ibba, Letizia Casula, Mariacarolina Salerno, Marco Cappa, Sandro Loche Endocrines.2023; 4(1): 169. CrossRef - The effect of hypothalamic involvement and growth hormone treatment on cardiovascular risk factors during the transition period in patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma
Sang Hee Park, Yun Jeong Lee, Jung-Eun Cheon, Choong Ho Shin, Hae Woon Jung, Young Ah Lee Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2023; 28(2): 107. CrossRef - Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Possible Aid for Detecting Hypoglycemic Events during Insulin Tolerance Tests
Soo Yeun Sim, Moon Bae Ahn Sensors.2023; 23(15): 6892. CrossRef - The risk patients with AGHD have of developing CVD
Eisha Javed, Maha Zehra, Naz Elahi International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention.2023; 19: 200221. CrossRef - Diagnosis of GH Deficiency Without GH Stimulation Tests
Anastasia Ibba, Sandro Loche Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Metabolic Impacts of Discontinuation and Resumption of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Treatment during the Transition Period in Patients with Childhood-Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency
Yun Jeong Lee, Yunha Choi, Han-Wook Yoo, Young Ah Lee, Choong Ho Shin, Han Saem Choi, Ho-Seong Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Jung Eun Moon, Cheol Woo Ko, Moon Bae Ahn, Byung-Kyu Suh, Jin-Ho Choi Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(2): 359. CrossRef - A Radiomics-Based Model with the Potential to Differentiate Growth Hormone Deficiency and Idiopathic Short Stature on Sella MRI
Taeyoun Lee, Kyungchul Song, Beomseok Sohn, Jihwan Eom, Sung Soo Ahn, Ho-Seong Kim, Seung-Koo Lee Yonsei Medical Journal.2022; 63(9): 856. CrossRef - Phenotypic spectrum of patients with mutations in CHD7: clinical implications of endocrinological findings
Ja Hye Kim, Yunha Choi, Soojin Hwang, Gu-Hwan Kim, Han-Wook Yoo, Jin-Ho Choi Endocrine Connections.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Endocrine Disorders: A Position Statement from the Korean Endocrine Society
Hyemi Kwon, Eun Roh, Chang Ho Ahn, Hee Kyung Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku, Kyong Yeun Jung, Ju Hee Lee, Eun Heui Kim, Sunghwan Suh, Sangmo Hong, Jeonghoon Ha, Jun Sung Moon, Jin Hwa Kim, Mi-kyung Kim Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(6): 839. CrossRef - Laron syndrome: clinic, diagnostics (а clinical case)
P.M. Lіashuk, R.P. Lіashuk, N.I. Stankova, M.B. Kudina INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine).2022; 18(3): 193. CrossRef - Diagnosis for Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: A Joint Position Statement of the Korean Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Task Force
Eu Jeong Ku, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Chang Ho Ahn, Kyung Ae Lee, Seung Hun Lee, You-Bin Lee, Kyeong Hye Park, Yun Mi Choi, Namki Hong, A Ram Hong, Sang-Wook Kang, Byung Kwan Park, Moon-Woo Seong, Myungshin Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Chan Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(2): 322. CrossRef - Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation Guidelines for Adrenal Tumor Ablation
Byung Kwan Park, Masashi Fujimori, Shu-Huei Shen, Uei Pua Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 553. CrossRef - Asian Conference on Tumor Ablation guidelines for renal cell carcinoma
Byung Kwan Park, Shu-Huei Shen, Masashi Fujimori, Yi Wang Investigative and Clinical Urology.2021; 62(4): 378. CrossRef - Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency
Jung Hee Kim The Korean Journal of Medicine.2021; 96(5): 400. CrossRef
- Diabetes
- Comparison of Serum PCSK9 Levels in Subjects with Normoglycemia, Impaired Fasting Glucose, and Impaired Glucose Tolerance
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Eugene Han, Nan Hee Cho, Seong-Su Moon, Hochan Cho
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Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(2):480-483. Published online June 24, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.2.480
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- We investigated proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) concentrations in individuals with normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). This was a pilot, cross-sectional study including 92 individuals who had not been diagnosed with or treated for diabetes. We measured PCSK9 levels in three groups of subjects; namely, normoglycemia (n=57), IFG (n=21), and IGT (n=14). Individuals with IFG and IGT showed higher PCSK9 concentrations than those in the normoglycemic group, with the highest serum PCSK9 concentrations found in individuals with IGT (55.25±15.29 ng/mL for normoglycemia, 63.47±17.78 ng/mL for IFG, 72.22±15.46 ng/mL for IGT, analysis of variance P=0.001). There were no significant differences in high- or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among groups. Serum PCSK9 levels are increased in patients with prediabetes compared to subjects with normoglycemia.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Mediation effect of metabolic factors and inflammation on the association of serum uric acid with serum proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 levels
Wen Guo, Qin Cui, Zhenzhen Fu, Qun Zhang, Jue Jia Journal of Clinical Lipidology.2024; 18(6): e995. CrossRef - PCSK9 inhibitor effectively alleviated cognitive dysfunction in a type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model
Yang Yang, Yeying Wang, Yuwen Wang, Tingyu Ke, Ling Zhao PeerJ.2024; 12: e17676. CrossRef - Emerging Insights on the Diverse Roles of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) in Chronic Liver Diseases: Cholesterol Metabolism and Beyond
Thomas Grewal, Christa Buechler International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(3): 1070. CrossRef - Insight into the Evolving Role of PCSK9
Mateusz Maligłówka, Michał Kosowski, Marcin Hachuła, Marcin Cyrnek, Łukasz Bułdak, Marcin Basiak, Aleksandra Bołdys, Grzegorz Machnik, Rafał Jakub Bułdak, Bogusław Okopień Metabolites.2022; 12(3): 256. CrossRef - Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels are not associated with severity of liver disease and are inversely related to cholesterol in a cohort of thirty eight patients with liver cirrhosis
Susanne Feder, Reiner Wiest, Thomas S. Weiss, Charalampos Aslanidis, Doris Schacherer, Sabrina Krautbauer, Gerhard Liebisch, Christa Buechler Lipids in Health and Disease.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
- Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland
- Medical Treatment with Somatostatin Analogues in Acromegaly: Position Statement
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Sang Ouk Chin, Cheol Ryong Ku, Byung Joon Kim, Sung-Woon Kim, Kyeong Hye Park, Kee Ho Song, Seungjoon Oh, Hyun Koo Yoon, Eun Jig Lee, Jung Min Lee, Jung Soo Lim, Jung Hee Kim, Kwang Joon Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Dae Jung Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Seong-Su Moon, Dong Jun Lim, Dong Yeob Shin, Se Hwa Kim, Min Jeong Kwon, Ha Young Kim, Jin Hwa Kim, Dong Sun Kim, Chong Hwa Kim
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Endocrinol Metab. 2019;34(1):53-62. Published online March 21, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2019.34.1.53
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9,652
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Abstract
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The Korean Endocrine Society (KES) published clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acromegaly in 2011. Since then, the number of acromegaly cases, publications on studies addressing medical treatment of acromegaly, and demands for improvements in insurance coverage have been dramatically increasing. In 2017, the KES Committee of Health Insurance decided to publish a position statement regarding the use of somatostatin analogues in acromegaly. Accordingly, consensus opinions for the position statement were collected after intensive review of the relevant literature and discussions among experts affiliated with the KES, and the Korean Neuroendocrine Study Group. This position statement includes the characteristics, indications, dose, interval (including extended dose interval in case of lanreotide autogel), switching and preoperative use of somatostatin analogues in medical treatment of acromegaly. The recommended approach is based on the expert opinions in case of insufficient clinical evidence, and where discrepancies among the expert opinions were found, the experts voted to determine the recommended approach.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Hydrogel-fiber-mesh-based 3D cell cultures: A new method for studying pituitary tumors
Wooju Jeong, Sungrok Wang, Yumin Kim, Soohyun Lee, Minhu Huang, Jaeil Park, Myung-Han Yoon, Chang-Myung Oh, Cheol Ryong Ku Smart Materials in Medicine.2024; 5(2): 281. CrossRef - Differential gene expression and pathway analysis in growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumors according to granulation pattern
Kyungwon Kim, Yeongmin Kim, Se Hoon Kim, Ju Hyung Moon, Eui Hyun Kim, Eun Jig Lee, Chang-Myung Oh, Cheol Ryong Ku Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Agonists, Antagonists and Receptors of Somatostatin: Pathophysiological and Therapeutical Implications in Neoplasias
Argyrios Periferakis, Georgios Tsigas, Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis, Carla Mihaela Tone, Daria Alexandra Hemes, Konstantinos Periferakis, Lamprini Troumpata, Ioana Anca Badarau, Cristian Scheau, Ana Caruntu, Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler, Constantin Carun Current Issues in Molecular Biology.2024; 46(9): 9721. CrossRef - Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 as a Pillar in Acromegaly: From Diagnosis to Long-Term Management
Mi Kyung Kim Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(5): 693. CrossRef - Diagnosis and Management of Acromegaly: A Consensus Statement of the Pituitary Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Luís Miguel Cardoso, Pedro Marques, Maria Teresa Pereira, Ana Agapito, Rui Almeida, Sara Amaral, Maria João Bugalho, Maria Begoña Cattoni, Luísa Cortez, Diana Borges Duarte, João Sequeira Duarte, Fernando Fonseca, Leonor Gomes, Inês Manique, Olinda Endocrinology Insights.2024; : 1. CrossRef - Acromegaly: Pitfalls in diagnosis and treatment
Mirjana Doknić Galenika Medical Journal.2024; 3(12): 28. CrossRef - Evaluation and Management of Bone Health in Patients with Thyroid Diseases: A Position Statement of the Korean Thyroid Association
A Ram Hong, Ho-Cheol Kang Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(2): 175. CrossRef - Growth Hormone Excess: Implications and Management
Suneela Dhaneshwar, Shrishti Shandily, Vatsalya Tiwari Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets.2023; 23(6): 748. CrossRef - Revisiting the usefulness of the short acute octreotide test to predict treatment outcomes in acromegaly
Montserrat Marques-Pamies, Joan Gil, Elena Valassi, Marta Hernández, Betina Biagetti, Olga Giménez-Palop, Silvia Martínez, Cristina Carrato, Laura Pons, Rocío Villar-Taibo, Marta Araujo-Castro, Concepción Blanco, Inmaculada Simón, Andreu Simó-Servat, Gemm Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Evaluation and Management of Bone Health in Patients with Thyroid Diseases: a Position Statement from the Korean Thyroid Association
A Ram Hong, Hwa Young Ahn, Bu Kyung Kim, Seong Hee Ahn, So Young Park, Min-Hee Kim, Jeongmin Lee, Sun Wook Cho, Ho-Cheol Kang International Journal of Thyroidology.2022; 15(1): 1. CrossRef - Octreotide in the treatment of acromegaly – the possibilities of high-dose therapy
I. A. Ilovayskaya Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council.2022; (10): 148. CrossRef - Approach of Acromegaly during Pregnancy
Alexandru Dan Popescu, Mara Carsote, Ana Valea, Andreea Gabriela Nicola, Ionela Teodora Dascălu, Tiberiu Tircă, Jaqueline Abdul-Razzak, Mihaela Jana Țuculină Diagnostics.2022; 12(11): 2669. CrossRef - Left to themselves: Time to target chronic pain in childhood rare diseases
Christine B. Sieberg, Alyssa Lebel, Erin Silliman, Scott Holmes, David Borsook, Igor Elman Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.2021; 126: 276. CrossRef - Severe respiratory failure in a patient with COVID-19 and acromegaly: rapid improvement after adding octreotide
Jacob Luty, LesleAnn Hayward, Melanie Jackson, P Barton Duell BMJ Case Reports.2021; 14(8): e243900. CrossRef - Precision Therapy in Acromegaly Caused by Pituitary Tumors: How Close Is It to Reality?
Cheol Ryong Ku, Vladimir Melnikov, Zhaoyun Zhang, Eun Jig Lee Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(2): 206. CrossRef - Medical Treatment with Somatostatin Analogues in Acromegaly: Position Statement
Sang Ouk Chin, Cheol Ryong Ku, Byung Joon Kim, Sung-Woon Kim, Kyeong Hye Park, Kee Ho Song, Seungjoon Oh, Hyun Koo Yoon, Eun Jig Lee, Jung Min Lee, Jung Soo Lim, Jung Hee Kim, Kwang Joon Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Dae Jung Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Seong-Su Moon, Dong The Korean Journal of Medicine.2019; 94(6): 485. CrossRef
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