- Calcium & bone metabolism
- Characteristics Associated with Bone Loss after Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Hip Region Vulnerability
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Sora Han, Sungjae Shin, Onyoo Kim, Namki Hong
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Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(5):578-587. Published online October 10, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1795
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- Background
In individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), bone loss progresses rapidly to the area below the level of injury, leading to an increased risk of fracture. However, there are limited data regarding SCI-relevant characteristics for bone loss and the degree of bone loss in individuals with SCI compared with that in non-SCI community-dwelling adults.
Methods Data from men with SCI who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the National Rehabilitation Center (2008 to 2020) between 12 and 36 months after injury were collected and analyzed. Community-dwelling men were matched 1:1 for age, height, and weight as the control group, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2008 to 2011).
Results A comparison of the SCI and the matched control group revealed significantly lower hip region T-scores in the SCI group, whereas the lumbar spine T-score did not differ between groups. Among the 113 men with SCI, the paraplegia group exhibited significantly higher Z-scores of the hip region than the tetraplegia group. Participants with motor-incomplete SCI showed relatively preserved Z-scores of the hip region compared to those of the lumbar region. Moreover, in participants with SCI, the percentage of skeletal muscle displayed a moderate positive correlation with femoral neck Z-scores.
Conclusion Men with SCI exhibited significantly lower bone mineral density of the hip region than community-dwelling men. Paraplegia rather than tetraplegia, and motor incompleteness rather than motor completeness were protective factors in the hip region. Caution for loss of skeletal muscle mass or increased adiposity is also required.
- Calcium & Bone Metabolism
- Update on Preoperative Parathyroid Localization in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
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Hye-Sun Park, Namki Hong, Jong Ju Jeong, Mijin Yun, Yumie Rhee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(5):744-755. Published online October 25, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1589
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2,706
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- Parathyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for primary hyperparathyroidism when the clinical criteria are met. Although bilateral neck exploration is traditionally the standard method for surgery, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), or focused parathyroidectomy, has been widely accepted with comparable curative outcomes. For successful MIP, accurate preoperative localization of parathyroid lesions is essential. However, no consensus exists on the optimal approach for localization. Currently, ultrasonography and technetium-99m-sestamibi–single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography are widely accepted in most cases. However, exact localization cannot always be achieved, especially in cases with multiglandular disease, ectopic glands, recurrent disease, and normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism. Therefore, new modalities for preoperative localization have been developed and evaluated. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography and parathyroid venous sampling have demonstrated improvements in sensitivity and accuracy. Both anatomical and functional information can be obtained by combining these methods. As each approach has its advantages and disadvantages, the localization study should be deliberately chosen based on each patient’s clinical profile, costs, radiation exposure, and the availability of experienced experts. In this review, we summarize various methods for the localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissues in primary hyperparathyroidism.
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- Expression of the Calcium-Sensing Receptor on Normal and Abnormal Parathyroid and Thyroid Tissue
Anne L. Worth, Mesrop Ayrapetyan, Susan J. Maygarden, Zibo Li, Zhanhong Wu, Chris B. Agala, Lawrence T. Kim Journal of Surgical Research.2024; 293: 618. CrossRef - A Rare Case of Hyperfunctioning Lipoadenoma Presenting as a Cystic Pararthyroid Lesion
Jinyoung Kim, Ohjoon Kwon, Tae-Jung Kim, So Lyung Jung, Eun Ji Han, Ki-Ho Song Journal of Bone Metabolism.2023; 30(2): 201. CrossRef - Role of 18F-Fluorocholine Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) in Diagnosis of Elusive Parathyroid Adenoma
Janan R Badier, Pokhraj P Suthar, Jagadeesh S Singh, Miral D Jhaveri Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Association of Shift Work with Normal-Weight Obesity in Community-Dwelling Adults
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Chul Woo Ahn, Sungjae Shin, Seunghyun Lee, Hye-Sun Park, Namki Hong, Yumie Rhee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(5):781-790. Published online October 25, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1532
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- Background
Shift work is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, this association in the normal-weight population remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether shift work is associated with normal-weight obesity (NWO).
Methods From the nationally representative Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) dataset (2008 to 2011), 3,800 full-time workers aged ≥19 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≤25 kg/m2 were analysed. We defined NWO as BMI ≤25 kg/m2 and body fat percentage ≥25% in men and ≥37% in women. Working patterns were classified into “daytime,” “other than daytime,” and “shift.” Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between shift work and NWO.
Results Shift work was associated with higher odds of NWO than daytime work (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 2.09) and night/evening work (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.11 to 3.14) after adjustment for type of work, working hours, age, sex, BMI, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and other sociodemographic factors. In subgroup analyses, the association between shift work and NWO was more robust in those aged ≥60 years and those working ≥56 hours/week.
Conclusion Shift work was associated with NWO in community-dwelling Korean adults, independent of age, sex, BMI, and other covariates.
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- Impaired Melatonin Secretion, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Night Shift Work
Sorina Hohor, Cristina Mandanach, Andreea Maftei, Corina Aurelia Zugravu, Marina Ruxandra Oțelea Antioxidants.2023; 12(4): 959. CrossRef - Normal-Weight Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Jeonghyeon Kim, Seamon Kang, Hyunsik Kang Healthcare.2023; 11(16): 2303. CrossRef - You Can’t Avoid Shift Work? Then Focus on Body Fat Rather than Weight
Eun Kyung Lee Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(5): 756. CrossRef
- Calcium & Bone Metabolism
- Computed Tomography-Derived Skeletal Muscle Radiodensity Is an Early, Sensitive Marker of Age-Related Musculoskeletal Changes in Healthy Adults
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Yeon Woo Jung, Namki Hong, Joon Chae Na, Woong Kyu Han, Yumie Rhee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(6):1201-1210. Published online December 13, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1206
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- Background
A decrease in computed tomography (CT)-derived skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) reflects age-related ectopic fat infiltration of muscle, compromising muscle function and metabolism. We investigated the age-related trajectory of SMD and its association with vertebral trabecular bone density in healthy adults.
Methods In a cohort of healthy adult kidney donors aged 19 to 69 years (n=583), skeletal muscle index (SMI, skeletal muscle area/height2), SMD, and visceral-to-subcutaneous fat (V/S) ratio were analyzed at the level of L3 from preoperative CT scans. Low bone mass was defined as an L1 trabecular Hounsfield unit (HU) <160 HU.
Results L3SMD showed constant decline from the second decade (annual change –0.38% and –0.43% in men and women), whereas the decline of L3SMI became evident only after the fourth decade of life (–0.37% and –0.18% in men and women). One HU decline in L3SMD was associated with elevated odds of low bone mass (adjusted odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.13; P=0.003), independent of L3SMI, age, sex, and V/S ratio, with better discriminatory ability compared to L3SMI (area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve 0.68 vs. 0.53, P<0.001). L3SMD improved the identification of low bone mass when added to age, sex, V/S ratio, and L3SMI (category-free net reclassification improvement 0.349, P<0.001; integrated discrimination improvement 0.015, P=0.0165).
Conclusion L3SMD can be an early marker for age-related musculoskeletal changes showing linear decline throughout life from the second decade in healthy adults, with potential diagnostic value for individuals with low bone mass.
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- A review of radiological definitions of sarcopenia in cancer
James W. Wang, Jiarong Chen, Alison H. McGregor, Matthew Williams JCSM Clinical Reports.2023; 8(2): 36. CrossRef - Weight‐adjusted waist as an integrated index for fat, muscle and bone health in adults
Kyoung Jin Kim, Serhim Son, Kyeong Jin Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2023; 14(5): 2196. CrossRef
- Adrenal gland
- Diagnosis for Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: A Joint Position Statement of the Korean Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Task Force
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Eu Jeong Ku, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Chang Ho Ahn, Kyung Ae Lee, Seung Hun Lee, You-Bin Lee, Kyeong Hye Park, Yun Mi Choi, Namki Hong, A Ram Hong, Sang-Wook Kang, Byung Kwan Park, Moon-Woo Seong, Myungshin Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Chan Kwon Jung, Young Seok Cho, Jin Chul Paeng, Jae Hyeon Kim, Ohk-Hyun Ryu, Yumie Rhee, Chong Hwa Kim, Eun Jig Lee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(2):322-338. Published online April 6, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.908
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6,468
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- Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGLs) are rare catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumors but can be life-threatening. Although most PPGLs are benign, approximately 10% have metastatic potential. Approximately 40% cases are reported as harboring germline mutations. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of PPGLs is crucial. For more than 130 years, clinical, molecular, biochemical, radiological, and pathological investigations have been rapidly advanced in the field of PPGLs. However, performing diagnostic studies to localize lesions and detect metastatic potential can be still challenging and complicated. Furthermore, great progress on genetics has shifted the paradigm of genetic testing of PPGLs. The Korean PPGL task force team consisting of the Korean Endocrine Society, the Korean Surgical Society, the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine, the Korean Society of Pathologists, and the Korean Society of Laboratory Medicine has developed this position statement focusing on the comprehensive and updated diagnosis for PPGLs.
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- Evaluation and Management of Bone Health in Patients with Thyroid Diseases: A Position Statement of the Korean Thyroid Association
A Ram Hong, Ho-Cheol Kang Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(2): 175. CrossRef - Lesion-based indicators predict long-term outcomes of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma– SIZEPASS
Helena Hanschell, Salvador Diaz-Cano, Alfredo Blanes, Nadia Talat, Gabriele Galatá, Simon Aylwin, Klaus Martin Schulte Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Interleukin-6-producing paraganglioma as a rare cause of systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a case report
Yin Young Lee, Seung Min Chung Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science.2023; 40(4): 435. CrossRef - (Extremely rare intrapericardial location of paraganglioma)
Jaroslav Zajíc, Aleš Mokráček, Ladislav Pešl, Jiří Haniš, Dita Schaffelhoferová Cor et Vasa.2023; 65(4): 692. CrossRef - KSNM60 in Nuclear Endocrinology: from the Beginning to the Future
Chae Moon Hong, Young Jin Jeong, Hae Won Kim, Byeong-Cheol Ahn Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2022; 56(1): 17. CrossRef - Change of Computed Tomography-Based Body Composition after Adrenalectomy in Patients with Pheochromocytoma
Yousun Ko, Heeryoel Jeong, Seungwoo Khang, Jeongjin Lee, Kyung Won Kim, Beom-Jun Kim Cancers.2022; 14(8): 1967. CrossRef - Evaluation and Management of Bone Health in Patients with Thyroid Diseases: a Position Statement from the Korean Thyroid Association
A Ram Hong, Hwa Young Ahn, Bu Kyung Kim, Seong Hee Ahn, So Young Park, Min-Hee Kim, Jeongmin Lee, Sun Wook Cho, Ho-Cheol Kang International Journal of Thyroidology.2022; 15(1): 1. CrossRef - Pheochromocytoma with Retroperitoneal Metastasis: A Case Report
建新 崔 Advances in Clinical Medicine.2021; 11(05): 2239. CrossRef
- Clinical Study
- Genetic Analysis and Clinical Characteristics of Hereditary Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Syndrome in Korean Population
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Heewon Choi, Kyoung Jin Kim, Namki Hong, Saeam Shin, Jong-Rak Choi, Sang Wook Kang, Seung Tae Lee, Yumie Rhee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(4):858-872. Published online December 23, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.683
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4,121
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- Background
Pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGL) are hereditary in approximately 30% to 40% cases. With the advancement of genetic analysis techniques, including next-generation sequencing (NGS), there were attempts to classify PPGL into molecular clusters. With NGS being applied to clinical settings recently, we aimed to review the results of genetic analysis, including NGS, and investigate the association with clinical characteristics in Korean PPGL patients.
Methods We reviewed the medical records of PPGL patients who visited Severance hospital from 2006 to 2019. We documented the clinical phenotype of those who underwent targeted NGS or had known germline mutations of related genes.
Results Among 57 PPGL patients, we found 28 pathogenic germline mutations of susceptibility genes. Before the targeted NGS was implemented, only obvious syndromic feature lead to the Sanger sequencing for the specific genes. Therefore, for the exact prevalence, only patients after the year 2017, when targeted NGS was added, were included (n=43). The positive germline mutations were found in 14 patients; thus, the incidence rate is 32.6%. Patients with germline mutations had a higher likelihood of family history. There were significant differences in the type of PPGLs, percentage of family history, metastasis rate, presence of other tumors, and biochemical profile among three molecular clusters: pseudohypoxic tricarboxylic acid cycle-related, pseudohypoxic von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)/endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1-related, and kinase-signaling group. Germline mutations were identified in seven PPGL-related genes (SDHB, RET, VHL, NF1, MAX, SDHA, and SDHD).
Conclusion We report the expected prevalence of germline mutations in Korean PPGL patients. NGS is a useful and accessible tool for genetic analysis in patients with PPGLs, and further research on molecular classification is needed for precise management.
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- Novel and recurrent genetic variants of VHL, SDHB, and RET genes in Chinese pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma patients
Chong Li, Jingyi Li, Chao Han, Ting Wang, Lixia Zhang, Zhifang Wang, Tingting Wang, Lijun Xu, Guangzhao Qi, Guijun Qin, Xialian Li, Lili Zheng Frontiers in Genetics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Genetic Study in Pheochromocytoma: Is It Possible to Stratify the Risk of Hereditary Pheochromocytoma?
Marta Araujo-Castro, César Mínguez Ojeda, Iñigo García Sanz, Maria Calatayud, Felicia Hanzu, Mireia Mora, Almudena Vicente, Concepción Blanco Carrera, Paz de Miguel Novoa, María del Carmen López García, Cristina Lamas, Laura Manjón-Miguélez, María del Cas Neuroendocrinology.2023; 113(6): 657. CrossRef - The Role of VHL in the Development of von Hippel-Lindau Disease and Erythrocytosis
Petra Hudler, Mojca Urbancic Genes.2022; 13(2): 362. CrossRef - Bilateral Pheochromocytoma with Germline MAX Variant without Family History
Shinnosuke Hata, Mai Asano, Hiroyuki Tominaga, Masahide Hamaguchi, Fumiya Hongo, Takeshi Usui, Eiichi Konishi, Michiaki Fukui Clinics and Practice.2022; 12(3): 299. CrossRef - Diagnosis for Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: A Joint Position Statement of the Korean Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Task Force
Eu Jeong Ku, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Chang Ho Ahn, Kyung Ae Lee, Seung Hun Lee, You-Bin Lee, Kyeong Hye Park, Yun Mi Choi, Namki Hong, A Ram Hong, Sang-Wook Kang, Byung Kwan Park, Moon-Woo Seong, Myungshin Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Chan Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(2): 322. CrossRef - Prevalence of Germline Variants in a Large Cohort of Japanese Patients with Pheochromocytoma and/or Paraganglioma
Masato Yonamine, Koichiro Wasano, Yuichi Aita, Takehito Sugasawa, Katsutoshi Takahashi, Yasushi Kawakami, Hitoshi Shimano, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Hisato Hara, Mitsuhide Naruse, Takahiro Okamoto, Tadashi Matsuda, Shinji Kosugi, Kazuhiko Horiguchi, Akiyo Tanab Cancers.2021; 13(16): 4014. CrossRef - Recurrent Germline Mutations of CHEK2 as a New Susceptibility Gene in Patients with Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas
Yinjie Gao, Chao Ling, Xiaosen Ma, Huiping Wang, Yunying Cui, Min Nie, Anli Tong, Dario De Biase International Journal of Endocrinology.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
- Miscellaneous
- Machine Learning Applications in Endocrinology and Metabolism Research: An Overview
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Namki Hong, Heajeong Park, Yumie Rhee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(1):71-84. Published online March 19, 2020
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.1.71
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Machine learning (ML) applications have received extensive attention in endocrinology research during the last decade. This review summarizes the basic concepts of ML and certain research topics in endocrinology and metabolism where ML principles have been actively deployed. Relevant studies are discussed to provide an overview of the methodology, main findings, and limitations of ML, with the goal of stimulating insights into future research directions. Clear, testable study hypotheses stem from unmet clinical needs, and the management of data quality (beyond a focus on quantity alone), open collaboration between clinical experts and ML engineers, the development of interpretable high-performance ML models beyond the black-box nature of some algorithms, and a creative environment are the core prerequisites for the foreseeable changes expected to be brought about by ML and artificial intelligence in the field of endocrinology and metabolism, with actual improvements in clinical practice beyond hype. Of note, endocrinologists will continue to play a central role in these developments as domain experts who can properly generate, refine, analyze, and interpret data with a combination of clinical expertise and scientific rigor.
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- Artificial Intelligence for Predicting and Diagnosing Complications of Diabetes
Jingtong Huang, Andrea M. Yeung, David G. Armstrong, Ashley N. Battarbee, Jorge Cuadros, Juan C. Espinoza, Samantha Kleinberg, Nestoras Mathioudakis, Mark A. Swerdlow, David C. Klonoff Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology.2023; 17(1): 224. CrossRef - Expressions of Cushing’s syndrome in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
William F. Simonds Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and classification of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review
Francisco J. Barrera, Ethan D.L. Brown, Amanda Rojo, Javier Obeso, Hiram Plata, Eddy P. Lincango, Nancy Terry, René Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Janet E. Hall, Skand Shekhar Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Predictors of rituximab effect on modified Rodnan skin score in systemic sclerosis: a machine-learning analysis of the DesiReS trial
Satoshi Ebata, Koji Oba, Kosuke Kashiwabara, Keiko Ueda, Yukari Uemura, Takeyuki Watadani, Takemichi Fukasawa, Shunsuke Miura, Asako Yoshizaki-Ogawa, Asano Yoshihide, Ayumi Yoshizaki, Shinichi Sato Rheumatology.2022; 61(11): 4364. CrossRef - Automating and improving cardiovascular disease prediction using Machine learning and EMR data features from a regional healthcare system
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Rosy Oh, Hong Kyu Lee, Youngmi Kim Pak, Man-Suk Oh International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(10): 5800. CrossRef - Ensemble blood glucose prediction in diabetes mellitus: A review
M.Z. Wadghiri, A. Idri, Touria El Idrissi, Hajar Hakkoum Computers in Biology and Medicine.2022; 147: 105674. CrossRef - The maze runner: navigating through basic kinetics to AI models of human metabolism pathology
Arina V. Martyshina, Oksana M. Tilinova, Anastasia A. Simanova, Olga S. Knyazeva, Irina V. Dokukina Procedia Computer Science.2022; 213: 271. CrossRef - Applications of Machine Learning in Bone and Mineral Research
Sung Hye Kong, Chan Soo Shin Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 928. CrossRef - Facial Recognition Intensity in Disease Diagnosis Using Automatic Facial Recognition
Danning Wu, Shi Chen, Yuelun Zhang, Huabing Zhang, Qing Wang, Jianqiang Li, Yibo Fu, Shirui Wang, Hongbo Yang, Hanze Du, Huijuan Zhu, Hui Pan, Zhen Shen Journal of Personalized Medicine.2021; 11(11): 1172. CrossRef - The Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Pituitary Adenomas
Congxin Dai, Bowen Sun, Renzhi Wang, Jun Kang Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Real World Data and Artificial Intelligence in Diabetology
Kwang Joon Kim The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2020; 21(3): 140. CrossRef - A Novel Detection Framework for Detecting Abnormal Human Behavior
Chengfei Wu, Zixuan Cheng, Yi-Zhang Jiang Mathematical Problems in Engineering.2020; 2020: 1. CrossRef
- Adrenal gland
- Effects of Altered Calcium Metabolism on Cardiac Parameters in Primary Aldosteronism
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Jung Soo Lim, Namki Hong, Sungha Park, Sung Il Park, Young Taik Oh, Min Heui Yu, Pil Yong Lim, Yumie Rhee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(4):485-492. Published online November 30, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.4.485
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3,640
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- Background
Increasing evidence supports interplay between aldosterone and parathyroid hormone (PTH), which may aggravate cardiovascular complications in various heart diseases. Negative structural cardiovascular remodeling by primary aldosteronism (PA) is also suspected to be associated with changes in calcium levels. However, to date, few clinical studies have examined how changes in calcium and PTH levels influence cardiovascular outcomes in PA patients. Therefore, we investigated the impact of altered calcium homeostasis caused by excessive aldosterone on cardiovascular parameters in patients with PA. MethodsForty-two patients (mean age 48.8±10.9 years; 1:1, male:female) whose plasma aldosterone concentration/plasma renin activity ratio was more than 30 were selected among those who had visited Severance Hospital from 2010 to 2014. All patients underwent adrenal venous sampling with complete access to both adrenal veins. ResultsThe prevalence of unilateral adrenal adenoma (54.8%) was similar to that of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Mean serum corrected calcium level was 8.9±0.3 mg/dL (range, 8.3 to 9.9). The corrected calcium level had a negative linear correlation with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD, ρ=−0.424, P=0.031). Moreover, multivariable regression analysis showed that the corrected calcium level was marginally associated with the LVEDD and corrected QT (QTc) interval (β=−0.366, P=0.068 and β=−0.252, P=0.070, respectively). ConclusionAldosterone-mediated hypercalciuria and subsequent hypocalcemia may be partly involved in the development of cardiac remodeling as well as a prolonged QTc interval, in subjects with PA, thereby triggering deleterious effects on target organs additively.
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- Bone and mineral metabolism in patients with primary aldosteronism: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Anning Wang, Yuhan Wang, Hongzhou Liu, Xiaodong Hu, Jiefei Li, Huaijin Xu, Zhimei Nie, Lingjing Zhang, Zhaohui Lyu Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
- Obesity and Metabolism
- Comparison of the Effects of Ezetimibe-Statin Combination Therapy on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with and without Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis
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Namki Hong, Yong-ho Lee, Kenichi Tsujita, Jorge A. Gonzalez, Christopher M. Kramer, Tomas Kovarnik, George N. Kouvelos, Hiromichi Suzuki, Kyungdo Han, Chan Joo Lee, Sung Ha Park, Byung-Wan Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, Eun Seok Kang
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Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(2):219-227. Published online May 4, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.219
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- Background
Ezetimibe-statin combination therapy has been found to reduce low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in large trials. We sought to examine the differential effect of ezetimibe on MACEs when added to statins according to the presence of diabetes. MethodsRandomized clinical trials with a sample size of at least 50 participants and at least 24 weeks of follow-up that compared ezetimibe-statin combination therapy with a statin- or placebo-controlled arm and reported at least one MACE, stratified by diabetes status, were included in the meta-analysis and meta-regression. ResultsA total of seven trials with 28,191 enrolled patients (mean age, 63.6 years; 75.1% men; 7,298 with diabetes [25.9%]; mean follow-up, 5 years) were analysed. MACEs stratified by diabetes were obtained from the published data (two trials) or through direct contact (five trials). No significant heterogeneity was observed among studies (I2=14.7%, P=0.293). Ezetimibe was associated with a greater reduction of MACE risk in subjects with diabetes than in those without diabetes (pooled relative risk, 0.84 vs. 0.93; Pheterogeneity=0.012). In the meta-regression analysis, the presence of diabetes was associated with a greater reduction of MACE risk when ezetimibe was added to statins (β=0.87, P=0.038). ConclusionEzetimibe-statin combination therapy was associated with greater cardiovascular benefits in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes. Our findings suggest that ezetimibe-statin combination therapy might be a useful strategy in patients with diabetes at a residual risk of MACEs.
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Kenichi Tsujita, Koutaro Yokote, Junya Ako, Ryohei Tanigawa, Sachiko Tajima, Hideki Suganami Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis.2023; 30(11): 1580. CrossRef - 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, YoonJu Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang Youl Rhee, Hae J Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 575. CrossRef - Ezetimibe combination therapy with statin for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an open-label randomized controlled trial (ESSENTIAL study)
Yongin Cho, Hyungjin Rhee, Young-eun Kim, Minyoung Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Jin-Young Choi, Yong-ho Lee BMC Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - RSSDI consensus recommendations for dyslipidemia management in diabetes mellitus
Banshi Saboo, Sanjay Agarwal, Brij Mohan Makkar, Rajeev Chawla, Sujoy Ghosh, Vijay Viswanathan, Sunil Gupta, Ch. Vasanth Kumar, Anuj Maheshwari, L. Sreenivasamurthy, Rakesh Kumar Sahay, Sanjay Reddy, Shalini Jaggi, Jugal Kishor Sharma, Vijay Panikar, Anan International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.2022; 42(1): 3. CrossRef - Ezetimibe and diabetes mellitus:a new strategy for lowering cholesterol
V.A. Serhiyenko, A.A. Serhiyenko INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine).2022; 18(5): 302. CrossRef - 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
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- Adrenal gland
- C-Arm Computed Tomography-Assisted Adrenal Venous Sampling Improved Right Adrenal Vein Cannulation and Sampling Quality in Primary Aldosteronism
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Chung Hyun Park, Namki Hong, Kichang Han, Sang-Wook Kang, Cho Rok Lee, Sungha Park, Yumie Rhee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(2):236-244. Published online May 4, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.236
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3,749
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Abstract
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- Background
Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is a gold standard for subtype classification of primary aldosteronism (PA). However, this procedure has a high failure rate because of the anatomical difficulties in accessing the right adrenal vein. We investigated whether C-arm computed tomography-assisted AVS (C-AVS) could improve the success rate of adrenal sampling. MethodsA total of 156 patients, diagnosed with PA who underwent AVS from May 2004 through April 2017, were included. Based on the medical records, we retrospectively compared the overall, left, and right catheterization success rates of adrenal veins during the periods without C-AVS (2004 to 2010, n=32) and with C-AVS (2011 to 2016, n=124). The primary outcome was adequate bilateral sampling defined as a selectivity index (SI) >5. ResultsWith C-AVS, the rates of adequate bilateral AVS increased from 40.6% to 88.7% (P<0.001), with substantial decreases in failure rates (43.7% to 0.8%, P<0.001). There were significant increases in adequate sampling rates from right (43.7% to 91.9%, P<0.001) and left adrenal veins (53.1% to 95.9%, P<0.001) as well as decreases in catheterization failure from right adrenal vein (9.3% to 0.0%, P<0.001). Net improvement of SI on right side remained significant after adjustment for left side (adjusted SI, 1.1 to 9.0; P=0.038). C-AVS was an independent predictor of adequate bilateral sampling in the multivariate model (odds ratio, 9.01; P<0.001). ConclusionC-AVS improved the overall success rate of AVS, possibly as a result of better catheterization of right adrenal vein.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Utility of right adrenal signature veins in venous sampling for primary aldosteronism
Zhenglin Shen, Shaoyong Xu, Siyu Guan, Bo Chen, Qingan Li, Ming Yu, Zhao Gao Annals of Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Key to the Treatment of Primary Aldosteronism in Secondary Hypertension: Subtype Diagnosis
Rui Zuo, Shuang Liu, Lu Xu, Hua Pang Current Hypertension Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Does Intraprocedural CT Improve the Success Rate of Adrenal Venous Sampling? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data from 809 Patients
Nima Hafezi-Nejad, David M. Gullotti, Christopher R. Bailey, Mark L. Lessne, Brian P. Holly CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology.2022; 45(1): 29. CrossRef - Prevalence and clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism in a tertiary-care center in Korea
Minjae Yoon, Namki Hong, Jaehyung Ha, Chan Joo Lee, Cheol Ryong Ku, Yumie Rhee, Sungha Park Hypertension Research.2022; 45(9): 1418. CrossRef - Cone-beam computed tomography is not a mandatory procedure in adrenal venous sampling for primary hyperaldosteronism
Ran Cai, Chao Hu, Hai-Yang Li BMC Medical Imaging.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Adrenal Venous Sampling for Subtype Diagnosis of Primary Hyperaldosteronism
Mitsuhide Naruse, Akiyo Tanabe, Koichi Yamamoto, Hiromi Rakugi, Mitsuhiro Kometani, Takashi Yoneda, Hiroki Kobayashi, Masanori Abe, Youichi Ohno, Nobuya Inagaki, Shoichiro Izawa, Masakatsu Sone Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 965. CrossRef - Controversies and advances in adrenal venous sampling in the diagnostic workup of primary aldosteronism
Martin Wolley, Moe Thuzar, Michael Stowasser Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2020; 34(3): 101400. CrossRef - Update on the Aldosterone Resolution Score and Lateralization in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism
Eun-Hee Cho Endocrinology and Metabolism.2018; 33(3): 352. CrossRef
- Miscellaneous
- Effects of Serum Albumin, Calcium Levels, Cancer Stage and Performance Status on Weight Loss in Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide Positive or Negative Patients with Cancer
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Ji-Yeon Lee, Namki Hong, Hye Ryun Kim, Byung Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Yong-ho Lee
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Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(1):97-104. Published online March 21, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.1.97
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3,952
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Abstract
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- Background
A recent animal study showed that parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is associated with cancer cachexia by promoting adipose tissue browning, and we previously demonstrated that PTHrP predicts weight loss (WL) in patients with cancer. In this study, we investigated whether prediction of WL by PTHrP is influenced by clinical factors such as serum albumin, corrected calcium levels, cancer stage, and performance status (PS). MethodsA cohort of 219 patients with cancer whose PTHrP level was measured was enrolled and followed for body weight (BW) changes. Subjects were divided into two groups by serum albumin (cutoff value, 3.7 g/dL), corrected calcium (cutoff value, 10.5 mg/dL), cancer stage (stage 1 to 3 or 4), or PS (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0 to 1 or 2 to 4), respectively. Clinically significant WL was defined as either percent of BW change (% BW) <−5% or % BW <−2% plus body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m2. ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 327 days, 74 patients (33.8%) experienced clinically significant WL. A positive PTHrP level was associated with a 2-fold increased risk of WL after adjusting for age, baseline BMI, serum albumin, corrected calcium level, cancer stage, and PS. The effect of PTHrP on WL remained significant in patients with low serum albumin, stage 4 cancer, and good PS. Regardless of calcium level, the effect of PTHrP on WL was maintained, although there was an additive effect of higher calcium and PTHrP levels. ConclusionEarly recognition of patients with advanced cancer who are PTHrP positive with hypercalcemia or hypoalbuminemia is needed for their clinical management.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) in patients with pancreatic carcinoma and overt signs of disease progression and host tissue wasting
Britt-Marie Iresjö, Serkan Kir, Kent Lundholm Translational Oncology.2023; 36: 101752. CrossRef - Development and Characterization of a Cancer Cachexia Rat Model Transplanted with Cells of the Rat Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line Sato Lung Cancer (SLC)
Eiji Kasumi, Miku Chiba, Yoshie Kuzumaki, Hiroyuki Kuzuoka, Norifumi Sato, Banyu Takahashi Biomedicines.2023; 11(10): 2824. CrossRef - Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor suppresses parathyroid hormone‐related protein expression in tumours and ameliorates cancer‐associated cachexia
Bahar Zehra Camurdanoglu Weber, Samet Agca, Aylin Domaniku, Sevval Nur Bilgic, Dilsad H. Arabaci, Serkan Kir Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2022; 13(3): 1582. CrossRef - Metabolic Reprogramming in Adipose Tissue During Cancer Cachexia
Bahar Zehra Camurdanoglu Weber, Dilsad H. Arabaci, Serkan Kir Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
- Age-Dependent Association of Height Loss with Incident Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Korean Women
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Chaewon Lee, Hye-Sun Park, Yumie Rhee, Namki Hong
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Received May 9, 2023 Accepted July 20, 2023 Published online September 1, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1734
[Epub ahead of print]
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Abstract
PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub
- Background
Height loss is a simple clinical measure associated with increased fracture risk. However, limited data exists on the association between height loss and fracture risk in postmenopausal Korean women. It is unknown whether this association varies with age.
Methods Data on height loss over a 6-year period were collected from a community-based longitudinal follow-up cohort (Ansung cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study). Incident fractures were defined based on self-reported fractures after excluding those due to severe trauma or toes/fingers. The association between incident fractures and height loss was investigated using a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results During a median follow-up of 10 years after the second visit, 259/1,806 participants (median age, 64 years) experienced incident fractures. Overall, a 1 standard deviation (SD) decrease in height (1.6 cm/median 5.8 years) was associated with 9% increased risk of fracture (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09; P=0.037), which lost statistical significance after adjustment for covariates. When stratified into age groups (50–59, 60–69, 70 years or older), a 1 SD decrease in height remained a robust predictor of fracture in the 50 to 59 years age group after adjusting for covariates (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.52; P=0.003), whereas height loss was not an independent predictor of fracture in the 60 to 69 (aHR, 1.06; P=0.333) or the 70 years or older age groups (aHR, 1.05; P=0.700; P for interaction <0.05, for all).
Conclusion Height loss during the previous 6 years was associated with an increased 10-year fracture risk in postmenopausal women in their 50s.
- 2023 Korean Endocrine Society Consensus Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism
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Jeonghoon Ha, Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Kyong Yeun Jung, Jeongmin Lee, Jong Han Choi, Seung Hun Lee, Namki Hong, Jung Soo Lim, Byung Kwan Park, Jung-Han Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jooyoung Cho, Mi-kyung Kim, Choon Hee Chung, The Committee of Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Endocrine Society, The Korean Adrenal Study Group of Korean Endocrine Society
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Received July 25, 2023 Accepted September 6, 2023 Published online October 13, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1789
[Epub ahead of print]
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Abstract
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- Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common, yet underdiagnosed cause of secondary hypertension. It is characterized by an overproduction of aldosterone, leading to hypertension and/or hypokalemia. Despite affecting between 5.9% and 34% of patients with hypertension, PA is frequently missed due to a lack of clinical awareness and systematic screening, which can result in significant cardiovascular complications. To address this, medical societies have developed clinical practice guidelines to improve the management of hypertension and PA. The Korean Endocrine Society, drawing on a wealth of research, has formulated new guidelines for PA. A task force has been established to prepare PA guidelines, which encompass epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care. The Korean clinical guidelines for PA aim to deliver an evidence-based protocol for PA diagnosis, treatment, and patient monitoring. These guidelines are anticipated to ease the burden of this potentially curable condition.
- Increased Risk of Hip Fracture in Patients with Acromegaly: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
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Jiwon Kim, Namki Hong, Jimi Choi, Ju Hyung Moon, Eui Hyun Kim, Eun Jig Lee, Sin Gon Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku
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Received July 19, 2023 Accepted September 11, 2023 Published online October 30, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.1782
[Epub ahead of print]
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Abstract
PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub
- Background
Acromegaly leads to various skeletal complications, and fragility fractures are emerging as a new concern in patients with acromegaly. Therefore, this study investigated the risk of fractures in Korean patients with acromegaly.
Methods We used the Korean nationwide claims database from 2009 to 2019. A total of 931 patients with acromegaly who had never used an osteoporosis drug before and were treated with surgery alone were selected as study participants, and a 1:29 ratio of 26,999 age- and sex-matched osteoporosis drug-naïve controls without acromegaly were randomly selected from the database.
Results The mean age was 46.2 years, and 50.0% were male. During a median follow-up of 54.1 months, there was no difference in the risks of all, vertebral, and non-vertebral fractures between the acromegaly and control groups. However, hip fracture risk was significantly higher (hazard ratio [HR], 2.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32 to 5.65), and non-hip and non-vertebral fractures risk was significantly lower (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.98) in patients with acromegaly than in controls; these results remained robust even after adjustment for socioeconomic status and baseline comorbidities. Age, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardio-cerebrovascular disease, fracture history, recent use of acid-suppressant medication, psychotropic medication, and opioids were risk factors for all fractures in patients with acromegaly (all P<0.05).
Conclusion Compared with controls, patients surgically treated for acromegaly had a higher risk of hip fractures. The risk factors for fracture in patients with acromegaly were consistent with widely accepted risk factors in the general population.
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