Endocrinology and Metabolism

Jae Hyun Bae (Bae JH)

11 Articles

Diabetes, obesity and metabolism
Financial Benefits of Renal Dose-Adjusted Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: Hun Jee Choe, Yeh-Hee Ko, Sun Joon Moon, Chang Ho Ahn, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Hyeongsuk Lee, Jae Hyun Bae, Hyung Joon Joo, Hyejin Lee, Jang Wook Son, Dae Jung Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Kwangsoo Kim, Young Min Cho; Endocrinol Metab. 2024;39(4):622-631. Published online August 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2024.1965

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Background
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are frequently prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes; however, their cost can pose a significant barrier for those with impaired kidney function. This study aimed to estimate the economic benefits of substituting non-renal dose-adjusted (NRDA) DPP4 inhibitors with renal dose-adjusted (RDA) DPP4 inhibitors in patients with both impaired kidney function and type 2 diabetes.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018, using data obtained from common data models of five medical centers in Korea. Model 1 applied the prescription pattern of participants with preserved kidney function to those with impaired kidney function. In contrast, model 2 replaced all NRDA DPP4 inhibitors with RDA DPP4 inhibitors, adjusting the doses of RDA DPP4 inhibitors based on individual kidney function. The primary outcome was the cost difference between the two models.
Results
In total, 67,964,996 prescription records were analyzed. NRDA DPP4 inhibitors were more frequently prescribed to patients with impaired kidney function than in those with preserved kidney function (25.7%, 51.3%, 64.3%, and 71.6% in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rates [eGFRs] of ≥60, <60, <45, and <30 mL/min/1.73 m², respectively). When model 1 was applied, the cost savings per year were 7.6% for eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m² and 30.4% for eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m². According to model 2, 15.4% to 51.2% per year could be saved depending on kidney impairment severity.
Conclusion
Adjusting the doses of RDA DPP4 inhibitors based on individual kidney function could alleviate the economic burden associated with medical expenses.

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Identification of Healthy and Unhealthy Lifestyles by a Wearable Activity Tracker in Type 2 Diabetes: A Machine Learning-Based Analysis: Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung-Been Lee, Jimi Choi, Ju Yeon Seo, Ji Won Yeom, Chul-Hyun Cho, Jae Hyun Bae, Sin Gon Kim, Heon-Jeong Lee, Nam Hoon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(3):547-551. Published online June 29, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1479

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Lifestyle is a critical aspect of diabetes management. We aimed to define a healthy lifestyle using objectively measured parameters obtained from a wearable activity tracker (Fitbit) in patients with type 2 diabetes. This prospective observational study included 24 patients (mean age, 46.8 years) with type 2 diabetes. Expectation–maximization clustering analysis produced two groups: A (n=9) and B (n=15). Group A had a higher daily step count, lower resting heart rate, longer sleep duration, and lower mean time differences in going to sleep and waking up than group B. A Shapley additive explanation summary analysis indicated that sleep-related factors were key elements for clustering. The mean hemoglobin A1c level was 0.3 percentage points lower at the end of follow-up in group A than in group B. Factors related to regular sleep patterns could be possible determinants of lifestyle clustering in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Citations

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Evaluating impact of movement on diabetes via artificial intelligence and smart devices systematic literature review
Sayna Rotbei, Wei Hsuan Tseng, Beatriz Merino-Barbancho, Muhammad Salman Haleem, Luis Montesinos, Leandro Pecchia, Giuseppe Fico, Alessio Botta
Expert Systems with Applications.2024; 257: 125058. CrossRef
Rethink nutritional management in chronic kidney disease care
Fangyue Chen, Krit Pongpirul
Frontiers in Nephrology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of a Wearable Device–Based Physical Activity Intervention in North Korean Refugees: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Ji Yoon Kim, Kyoung Jin Kim, Kyeong Jin Kim, Jimi Choi, Jinhee Seo, Jung-Been Lee, Jae Hyun Bae, Nam Hoon Kim, Hee Young Kim, Soo-Kyung Lee, Sin Gon Kim
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2023; 25: e45975. CrossRef

Clinical Study
Comparative Renal Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Individual Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis: Jae Hyun Bae, Eun-Gee Park, Sunhee Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Seokyung Hahn, Nam Hoon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(2):388-400. Published online March 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.912

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Background
To compare the renal effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on individual outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
We searched electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from inception to June 2019 to identity eligible randomized controlled trials of DPP-4 inhibitors or SGLT2 inhibitors that reported at least one kidney outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes. Outcomes of interest were microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, worsening nephropathy, and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). We performed an arm-based network meta-analysis using Bayesian methods and calculated absolute risks and rank probabilities of each treatment for the outcomes.
Results
Seventeen studies with 87,263 patients were included. SGLT2 inhibitors significantly lowered the risks of individual kidney outcomes, including microalbuminuria (odds ratio [OR], 0.64; 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.41 to 0.93), macroalbuminuria (OR, 0.48; 95% CrI, 0.24 to 0.72), worsening nephropathy (OR, 0.65; 95% CrI, 0.44 to 0.91), and ESKD (OR, 0.65; 95% CrI, 0.46 to 0.98) as compared with placebo. However, DPP-4 inhibitors did not lower the risks. SGLT2 inhibitors were considerably associated with higher absolute risk reductions in all kidney outcomes than DPP-4 inhibitors, although the benefits were statistically insignificant. The rank probabilities showed that SGLT2 inhibitors were better treatments for lowering the risk of albuminuria and ESKD than placebo or DPP-4 inhibitors.
Conclusion
SGLT2 inhibitors were superior to DPP-4 inhibitors in reducing the risk of albuminuria and ESKD in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes
Rüdiger Landgraf, Jens Aberle, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Baptist Gallwitz, Monika Kellerer, Harald H. Klein, Dirk Müller-Wieland, Michael A. Nauck, Tobias Wiesner, Erhard Siegel
Die Diabetologie.2024; 20(2): 212. CrossRef
Ipragliflozin and sitagliptin differentially affect lipid and apolipoprotein profiles in type 2 diabetes: the SUCRE study
Mototsugu Nagao, Jun Sasaki, Kyoko Tanimura-Inagaki, Ichiro Sakuma, Hitoshi Sugihara, Shinichi Oikawa
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative Effect of Glucose-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Stroke Prevention: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Ji Soo Kim, Gyeongsil Lee, Kyung-Il Park, Seung-Won Oh
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(2): 312. CrossRef
Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes
Rüdiger Landgraf, Jens Aberle, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Baptist Gallwitz, Monika Kellerer, Harald H. Klein, Dirk Müller-Wieland, Michael A. Nauck, Tobias Wiesner, Erhard Siegel
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes.2024; 132(07): 340. CrossRef
Clinical Management of Type II DM in patients Showing Progressive Increase in the Creatinine Level – A Cross-sectional Study
Prabhudatta Mohapatra, Durga Madhab Kar, Karmajeet Rath, Abhisek Pal
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2024; : 2719. CrossRef
Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes
Rüdiger Landgraf, Jens Aberle, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Baptist Gallwitz, Monika Kellerer, Harald H. Klein, Dirk Müller-Wieland, Michael A. Nauck, Tobias Wiesner, Erhard Siegel
Die Diabetologie.2023; 19(5): 658. CrossRef
Renoprotective Effect of Thai Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with SGLT-2 Inhibitors versus DPP-4 Inhibitors: A Real-World Observational Study
Apichaya Chanawong, Suriyon Uitrakul, Supatcha Incomenoy, Natnicha Poonchuay, Rizky Abdulah
Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
Different nursing interventions on sleep quality among critically ill patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Daijin Huang, Yumei Li, Jing Ye, Chang Liu, Dongyan Shen, Yunhui Lv
Medicine.2023; 102(52): e36298. CrossRef
New trends in the approach to the treatment of type 2 diabetes - observations and benefits in the outpatient practice of a diabetologist
Pavel Weber, Hana Meluzínová, Dana Weberová
Klinická farmakologie a farmacie.2022; 35(4): 118. CrossRef
Comparative efficacy of novel antidiabetic drugs on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Hongwei Cao, Tao Liu, Li Wang, Qiuhe Ji
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2022; 24(8): 1448. CrossRef
Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes
Rüdiger Landgraf, Jens Aberle, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Baptist Gallwitz, Monika Kellerer, Harald H. Klein, Dirk Müller-Wieland, Michael A. Nauck, Tobias Wiesner, Erhard Siegel
Die Diabetologie.2022; 18(5): 623. CrossRef
Significant reduction in chronic kidney disease progression with sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors compared to dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors in adults with type 2 diabetes in a UK clinical setting: An observational outcomes study based on inte
Iskandar Idris, Ruiqi Zhang, Jil B. Mamza, Mike Ford, Tamsin Morris, Amitava Banerjee, Kamlesh Khunti
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2022; 24(11): 2138. CrossRef
Therapy of Type 2 Diabetes
Rüdiger Landgraf, Jens Aberle, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Baptist Gallwitz, Monika Kellerer, Harald Klein, Dirk Müller-Wieland, Michael A. Nauck, Tobias Wiesner, Erhard Siegel
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes.2022; 130(S 01): S80. CrossRef
Molecular Mechanistic Pathways Targeted by Natural Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease
Kaixuan Zhou, Xue Zi, Jiayu Song, Qiulu Zhao, Jia Liu, Huiwei Bao, Lijing Li
Molecules.2022; 27(19): 6221. CrossRef
Lower risk of gout in sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors in type-2 diabetes
Jiandong Zhou, Xuejin Liu, Oscar Hou-In Chou, Lifang Li, Sharen Lee, Wing Tak Wong, Qingpeng Zhang, Carlin Chang, Tong Liu, Gary Tse, Fengshi Jing, Bernard Man Yung Cheung
Rheumatology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
New Era for Renal-Protective Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: Better Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Taking Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors versus Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors
Chan-Hee Jung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(2): 339. CrossRef
Efficacy / safety balance of DPP-4 inhibitors versus SGLT2 inhibitors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes
André J. Scheen
Diabetes & Metabolism.2021; 47(6): 101275. CrossRef

Endocrine Research
Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analogue and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Combination on the Atherosclerosis-Related Process in a Type 2 Diabetes Mouse Model: Jin Hee Kim, Gha Young Lee, Hyo Jin Maeng, Hoyoun Kim, Jae Hyun Bae, Kyoung Min Kim, Soo Lim; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(1):157-170. Published online February 24, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.781

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Background
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues regulate glucose homeostasis and have anti-inflammatory properties, but cause gastrointestinal side effects. The fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormonal regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism that has poor pharmacokinetic properties, including a short half-life. To overcome these limitations, we investigated the effect of a low-dose combination of a GLP-1 analogue and FGF21 on atherosclerosis-related molecular pathways.
Methods
C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 30 weeks followed by an atherogenic diet for 10 weeks and were divided into four groups: control (saline), liraglutide (0.3 mg/kg/day), FGF21 (5 mg/kg/day), and low-dose combination treatment with liraglutide (0.1 mg/kg/day) and FGF21 (2.5 mg/kg/day) (n=6/group) for 6 weeks. The effects of each treatment on various atherogenesisrelated pathways were assessed.
Results
Liraglutide, FGF21, and their low-dose combination significantly reduced atheromatous plaque in aorta, decreased weight, glucose, and leptin levels, and increased adiponectin levels. The combination treatment upregulated the hepatic uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and Akt1 mRNAs compared with controls. Matric mentalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were downregulated and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) were upregulated in liver of the liraglutide-alone and combination-treatment groups. The combination therapy also significantly decreased the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Caspase-3 was increased, whereas MMP-9, ICAM-1, p-Akt, and p-ERK1/2 were downregulated in the liraglutide-alone and combination-treatment groups.
Conclusion
Administration of a low-dose GLP-1 analogue and FGF21 combination exerts beneficial effects on critical pathways related to atherosclerosis, suggesting the synergism of the two compounds.

Citations

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Current status and future perspectives of FGF21 analogues in clinical trials
Zara Siu Wa Chui, Qing Shen, Aimin Xu
Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism.2024; 35(5): 371. CrossRef
Design and pharmaceutical evaluation of bifunctional fusion protein of FGF21 and GLP-1 in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Xianlong Ye, Yingli Chen, Jianying Qi, Shenglong Zhu, Yuanyuan Wu, Jingjing Xiong, Fei Hu, Zhimou Guo, Xinmiao Liang
European Journal of Pharmacology.2023; 952: 175811. CrossRef
Use of FGF21 analogs for the treatment of metabolic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Maria Paula Carbonetti, Fernanda Almeida-Oliveira, David Majerowicz
Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Exploring the potential mechanism of Simiao Yongan decoction in the treatment of diabetic peripheral vascular disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology
Fang Cao, Yongkang Zhang, Yuan Zong, Xia Feng, Junlin Deng, Yuzhen Wang, Yemin Cao
Medicine.2023; 102(52): e36762. CrossRef
The Healing Capability of Clove Flower Extract (CFE) in Streptozotocin-Induced (STZ-Induced) Diabetic Rat Wounds Infected with Multidrug Resistant Bacteria
Rewaa Ali, Tarek Khamis, Gamal Enan, Gamal El-Didamony, Basel Sitohy, Gamal Abdel-Fattah
Molecules.2022; 27(7): 2270. CrossRef
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and Atherosclerosis: Explaining Their Pathophysiology, Association and the Role of Incretin-Based Drugs
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Antioxidants.2022; 11(6): 1060. CrossRef
Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analogue and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Combination for the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes
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Effects of fasting on skeletal muscles and body fat of adult and old C57BL/6J mice
Mindaugas Kvedaras, Petras Minderis, Leonardo Cesanelli, Agne Cekanauskaite, Aivaras Ratkevicius
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The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications and Related Epigenetic Mechanisms
Mengjie Xiao, Yufeng Tang, Shudong Wang, Jie Wang, Jie Wang, Yuanfang Guo, Jingjing Zhang, Junlian Gu
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Liraglutide Decreases Liver Fat Content and Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels in Newly Diagnosed Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Diabetes
Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors on Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Jae Hyun Bae, Sunhee Kim, Eun-Gee Park, Sin Gon Kim, Seokyung Hahn, Nam Hoon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2019;34(1):80-92. Published online March 21, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2019.34.1.80

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Background

To investigate the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of DPP-4 inhibitors from inception to September 2017. We selected eligible RCTs comparing DPP-4 inhibitors with placebo or other antidiabetic agents and reporting at least one renal outcome. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate standardized mean differences, weighted mean differences (WMDs), relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each renal outcome.

Results

We included 23 RCTs with 19 publications involving 41,359 patients. Overall changes in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio were comparable between DPP-4 inhibitors and controls (P=0.150). However, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with significantly lower risk of incident microalbuminuria (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.98; P=0.022) and macroalbuminuria (RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.97; P=0.027), as well as higher rates of regression of albuminuria (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.35; P<0.001) compared with controls. Although DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with small but significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (WMD, −1.11 mL/min/1.73 m²; 95% CI, −1.78 to −0.44; P=0.001), there was no difference in the risk of end-stage renal disease between two groups (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.14; P=0.475).

Conclusion

DPP-4 inhibitors had beneficial renal effects mainly by reducing the risk of development or progression of albuminuria compared with placebo or other antidiabetic agents.

Citations

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Ipragliflozin and sitagliptin differentially affect lipid and apolipoprotein profiles in type 2 diabetes: the SUCRE study
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Comparative Renal Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Individual Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
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The Role of DPP-4 Inhibitors in Type-2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Mishal Yousef Alqurashi, Khalid Faisal Alharthi, Abdulaziz Abdulrahman Alshehri, Yazeed Khalid Alharbi, Mohammad Abdulmunem Sanousi, Anas Abdullah Almazyed, Khulud Saeed Alghamdi, Sarah Musaad Alrashidi, Waad Abdullah Qaeed, Amjad Aedh Alasmari
Pharmacophore.2021; 12(3): 91. CrossRef
Type 2 diabetes mellitus management in patients with chronic kidney disease: an update
Zoi Kleinaki, Stella Kapnisi, Sofia-Andriani Theodorelou-Charitou, Ilias P. Nikas, Stavroula A. Paschou
Hormones.2020; 19(4): 467. CrossRef
Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcome Trials
David M. Williams, Asif Nawaz, Marc Evans
Diabetes Therapy.2020; 11(2): 369. CrossRef
Favorable pleiotropic effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: head-to-head comparisons with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes patients
Shih-Chieh Shao, Kai-Cheng Chang, Swu-Jane Lin, Rong-Nan Chien, Ming-Jui Hung, Yuk-Ying Chan, Yea-Huei Kao Yang, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease
Rachel E. Hartman, P.S.S. Rao, Mariann D. Churchwell, Susan J. Lewis
Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs.2020; 29(11): 1277. CrossRef
Renal protection with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
Martina Vitale, Jonida Haxhi, Tiziana Cirrito, Giuseppe Pugliese
Current Opinion in Pharmacology.2020; 54: 91. CrossRef
Loss of Mitochondrial Control Impacts Renal Health
Swayam Prakash Srivastava, Keizo Kanasaki, Julie E. Goodwin
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Jae Hyun Bae, Eun-Gee Park, Sunhee Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Seokyung Hahn, Nam Hoon Kim
Scientific Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

Adrenal gland
An Ectopic Cortisol-Producing Adrenocortical Adenoma Masquerading as a Liposarcoma in the Pararenal Space: Sunyoung Kang, Seung Shin Park, Jae Hyun Bae, Kyu Eun Lee, Jung Hee Kim, Chan Soo Shin; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(3):423-424. Published online August 14, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.3.423

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Clinical Study
Radiographic Characteristics of Adrenal Masses in Oncologic Patients: Ji Hyun Lee, Eun Ky Kim, A Ram Hong, Eun Roh, Jae Hyun Bae, Jung Hee Kim, Chan Soo Shin, Seong Yeon Kim, Sang Wan Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2016;31(1):147-152. Published online March 16, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.1.147

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Background

We aimed to assess the usefulness of pre-contrast Hounsfield unit (HU) and mass size on computed tomography to differentiate adrenal mass found incidentally in oncologic patients.

Methods

From 2000 to 2012, 131 oncologic patients with adrenal incidentaloma were reviewed retrospectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to determine the optimal cut-off value of the mean HU and size for detecting adrenal metastasis.

Results

The median age was 18 years, and 80 patients were male. The initial mass size was 18 mm, and 71 (54.2%) of these were on the left side. A bilateral adrenal mass was found in 11 patients (8.4%). Biochemically functional masses were observed in 9.2% of patients. Thirty-six out of 119 patients with nonfunctional masses underwent adrenalectomy, which revealed metastasis in 13. The primary cancers were lung cancer (n=4), renal cell carcinoma (n=2), lymphoma (n=2), hepatocellular carcinoma (n=2), breast cancer (n=1), and others (n=2). The area under the curve for the size and HU for clinically suspicious metastasis were 0.839 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.761 to 0.900; P<0.001) and 0.959 (95% CI, 0.898 to 0.988; P<0.001), respectively. The cut-off value to distinguish between metastasis and benign masses were 22 mm for size and 20 for HU.

Conclusion

ROC curve results suggest that pre-contrast HU >20 can be used as a diagnostic reference to suggest metastasis in oncologic patients with adrenal masses.

Citations

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Risk of malignancy in adrenal tumors in patients with a history of cancer
Radosław Samsel, Karolina Nowak, Lucyna Papierska, Edyta Karpeta, Katarzyna Roszkowska-Purska, Wacław Smiertka, Tomasz Ostrowski, Eryk Chrapowicki, Alan Grabowski, Dorota Leszczyńska, Andrzej Cichocki
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Adrenal Tumors Found During Staging and Surveillance for Colorectal Cancer: Benign Incidentalomas or Metastatic Disease?
Mio Yanagisawa, Dania G. Malik, Thomas W. Loehfelm, Ghaneh Fananapazir, Michael T. Corwin, Michael J. Campbell
World Journal of Surgery.2020; 44(7): 2282. CrossRef
Predictive factors for adrenal metastasis in extra‐adrenal malignancy patients with solitary adrenal mass
Kyeong‐Hyeon Byeon, Yun‐Sok Ha, Seock‐Hwan Choi, Bum Soo Kim, Hyun Tae Kim, Eun Sang Yoo, Tae Gyun Kwon, Jun Nyung Lee, Tae‐Hwan Kim
Journal of Surgical Oncology.2018; 118(8): 1271. CrossRef
Combining Washout and Noncontrast Data From Adrenal Protocol CT
Chaan S. Ng, Emre Altinmakas, Wei Wei, Payel Ghosh, Xiao Li, Elizabeth G. Grubbs, Nancy A. Perrier, Victor G. Prieto, Jeffrey E. Lee, Brian P. Hobbs
Academic Radiology.2018; 25(7): 861. CrossRef
Evaluation of quantitative parameters for distinguishing pheochromocytoma from other adrenal tumors
Youichi Ohno, Masakatsu Sone, Daisuke Taura, Toshinari Yamasaki, Katsutoshi Kojima, Kyoko Honda-Kohmo, Yorihide Fukuda, Koji Matsuo, Toshihito Fujii, Akihiro Yasoda, Osamu Ogawa, Nobuya Inagaki
Hypertension Research.2018; 41(3): 165. CrossRef
Articles inEndocrinology and Metabolismin 2016
Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 32(1): 62. CrossRef
The Diverse Clinical Presentations of Adrenal Lymphoma
Awais Masood, Anna Tumyan, Daniel R. Nussenzveig, Dara N. Wakefield, Diana Barb, Hans K. Ghayee, Naim M. Maalouf
AACE Clinical Case Reports.2017; 3(4): 307. CrossRef
Optimal follow-up strategies for adrenal incidentalomas: reappraisal of the 2016 ESE-ENSAT guidelines in real clinical practice
A Ram Hong, Jung Hee Kim, Kyeong Seon Park, Kyong Young Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Sung Hye Kong, Seo Young Lee, Chan Soo Shin, Sang Wan Kim, Seong Yeon Kim
European Journal of Endocrinology.2017; 177(6): 475. CrossRef

Bone Metabolism
Increased Sclerostin Levels after Further Ablation of Remnant Estrogen by Aromatase Inhibitors: Wonjin Kim, Yoonjung Chung, Se Hwa Kim, Sehee Park, Jae Hyun Bae, Gyuri Kim, Su Jin Lee, Jo Eun Kim, Byeong-Woo Park, Sung-Kil Lim, Yumie Rhee; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(1):58-64. Published online March 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.1.58

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Background

Sclerostin is a secreted Wnt inhibitor produced almost exclusively by osteocytes, which inhibits bone formation. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs), which reduce the conversion of steroids to estrogen, are used to treat endocrine-responsive breast cancer. As AIs lower estrogen levels, they increase bone turnover and lower bone mass. We analyzed changes in serum sclerostin levels in Korean women with breast cancer who were treated with an AI.

Methods

We included postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer (n=90; mean age, 57.7 years) treated with an AI, and compared them to healthy premenopausal women (n=36; mean age, 28.0 years). The subjects were randomly assigned to take either 5 mg alendronate with 0.5 µg calcitriol (n=46), or placebo (n=44) for 6 months.

Results

Postmenopausal women with breast cancer had significantly higher sclerostin levels compared to those in premenopausal women (27.8±13.6 pmol/L vs. 23.1±4.8 pmol/L, P<0.05). Baseline sclerostin levels positively correlated with either lumbar spine or total hip bone mineral density only in postmenopausal women (r=0.218 and r=0.233; P<0.05, respectively). Serum sclerostin levels increased by 39.9%±10.2% 6 months after AI use in postmenopausal women; however, no difference was observed between the alendronate and placebo groups (39.9%±10.2% vs. 55.9%±9.13%, P>0.05).

Conclusion

Serum sclerostin levels increased with absolute deficiency of residual estrogens in postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer who underwent AI therapy with concurrent bone loss.

Citations

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Voluntary Wheel Running Partially Compensates for the Effects of Global Estrogen Receptor-α Knockout on Cortical Bone in Young Male Mice
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Gestational and lactational exposure to BPA or BPS has minimal effects on skeletal outcomes in adult female mice
Rebecca K. Dirkes, Rebecca J. Welly, Jiude Mao, Jessica Kinkade, Victoria J. Vieira-Potter, Cheryl S. Rosenfeld, Pamela S. Bruzina
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Aromatase inhibitors attenuate the effect of alendronate in women with breast cancer
Sung Hye Kong, Jung Hee Kim, Sang Wan Kim, Chan Soo Shin
Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism.2020; 38(5): 730. CrossRef
Global estrogen receptor-α knockout has differential effects on cortical and cancellous bone in aged male mice
Rebecca K. Dirkes, Nathan C. Winn, Thomas J. Jurrissen, Dennis B. Lubahn, Victoria J. Vieira-Potter, Jaume Padilla, Pamela S. Hinton, Vance L. Trudeau
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Emily G Atkinson, Jesús Delgado‐Calle
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Kristina Bojanić, Ines Bilić Ćurčić, Lucija Kuna, Tomislav Kizivat, Robert Smolic, Nikola Raguž Lučić, Kristina Kralik, Vatroslav Šerić, Gordana Ivanac, Sandra Tucak-Zorić, Aleksandar Včev, Martina Smolić
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2018; 7(9): 287. CrossRef
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Peyman Hadji, Matti S. Aapro, Jean-Jacques Body, Michael Gnant, Maria Luisa Brandi, Jean Yves Reginster, M. Carola Zillikens, Claus-C. Glüer, Tobie de Villiers, Rod Baber, G. David Roodman, Cyrus Cooper, Bente Langdahl, Santiago Palacios, John Kanis, Nass
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Adrenal gland
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Independent Cushing Syndrome with Bilateral Cortisol-Secreting Adenomas: Eu Jeong Ku, A Ram Hong, Ye An Kim, Jae Hyun Bae, Mee Soo Chang, Sang Wan Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2013;28(2):133-137. Published online June 18, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2013.28.2.133

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A 48-year-old woman was incidentally found to have bilateral adrenal masses, 2.8 cm in diameter on the right, and 2.3 cm and 1.7 cm in diameter on the left, by abdominal computed tomography. The patient had a medical history of hypertension, which was not being controlled by carvedilol, at a dose of 25 mg daily. She presented with signs and symptoms that suggested Cushing Syndrome. We diagnosed adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing Syndrome based on the results of basal and dynamic hormone tests. Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) was performed to localize a functioning adrenal cortical mass. AVS results were consistent with hypersecretion of cortisol from both adrenal glands, with a cortisol lateralization ratio of 1.1. Upon bilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy, bilateral ACTH-independent adrenal adenomas were found. The patient's signs and symptoms of Cushing Syndrome improved after surgery just as the blood pressure was normalized. After surgery, the patient was started on glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement therapy.

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Shan Zhong, Tianyue Zhang, Minzhi He, Hanxiao Yu, Zhenjie Liu, Zhongyi Li, Xiaoxiao Song, Xiaohong Xu
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The role of adrenal venous sampling (AVS) in primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH): a study of 16 patients
German Rubinstein, Andrea Osswald, Leah Theresa Braun, Frederick Vogel, Matthias Kroiss, Stefan Pilz, Sinan Deniz, Laura Aigner, Thomas Knösel, Jérôme Bertherat, Lucas Bouys, Roland Ladurner, Anna Riester, Martin Bidlingmaier, Felix Beuschlein, Martin Rei
Endocrine.2022; 76(2): 434. CrossRef
Concomitant coexistence of ACTH‐dependent and independent Cushing syndrome
Ach Taieb, Saad Ghada, Gorchène Asma, Ben Abdelkrim Asma, Kacem Maha, Ach Koussay
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The Value of Adrenal Androgens for Correcting Cortisol Lateralization in Adrenal Venous Sampling in Patients with Normal Cortisol Secretion
Wenjing Zhang, Keying Zhu, Hongyun Li, Yan Zhang, Dalong Zhu, Xuebin Zhang, Ping Li
International Journal of Endocrinology.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
Adrenal venous sampling in patients with ACTH-independent hypercortisolism
Eleni Papakokkinou, Hugo Jakobsson, Augustinas Sakinis, Andreas Muth, Bo Wängberg, Olof Ehn, Gudmundur Johannsson, Oskar Ragnarsson
Endocrine.2019; 66(2): 338. CrossRef
ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome with bilateral cortisol-secreting adrenal adenomas: a case report and review of literatures
Jia Wei, Sheyu Li, Qilin Liu, Yuchun Zhu, Nianwei Wu, Ying Tang, Qianrui Li, Kaiyun Ren, Qianying Zhang, Yerong Yu, Zhenmei An, Jing Chen, Jianwei Li
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A case of adrenal Cushing’s syndrome with bilateral adrenal masses
Ya-Wun Guo, Chii-Min Hwu, Justin Ging-Shing Won, Chia-Huei Chu, Liang-Yu Lin
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Bilateral Adrenocortical Masses Producing Aldosterone and Cortisol Independently
Seung-Eun Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Hyeri Seok, In Seub Shin, Yeong Hee Eun, Jung-Han Kim, Young Lyun Oh
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A Case of Bilateral ACTH-independent Adrenal Adenomas with Cushing's Syndrome Treated by Ipsilateral Total and Contralateral Partial Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy
Seung Ah Park, Dong min Jung, Soon young Kim, Nan Young Choi, Tae-jun Kim, Yong kyun Kim, Seong kyun Na, Chul Sik Kim, Seong Jin Lee, Sung-Hee Ihm, Jun Goo Kang
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Thyroid
Two Cases of Methimazole-Induced Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome in Graves' Disease: Eun Roh, Ye An Kim, Eu Jeong Ku, Jae Hyun Bae, Hye Mi Kim, Young Min Cho, Young Joo Park, Kyong Soo Park, Seong Yeon Kim, Soo Heon Kwak; Endocrinol Metab. 2013;28(1):55-60. Published online March 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2013.28.1.55

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We report here the cases of two females with Graves' disease who developed insulin autoimmune syndrome after treatment with methimazole. The patients exhibited a sudden altered mental state after treatment with methimazole for approximately 4 weeks. Patients had hypoglycemia with serum glucose below 70 mg/dL, and laboratory findings showed both high levels of serum insulin and high titers of insulin autoantibodies. The two women had never been exposed to insulin or oral antidiabetic agents, and there was no evidence of insulinoma in imaging studies. After glucose loading, serum glucose, and total insulin levels increased abnormally. One of the patient was found to have HLA-DRB1*0406, which is known to be strongly associated with methimazole-induced insulin autoimmune syndrome. After discontinuation of methimazole, hypoglycemic events disappeared within 1 month. Insulin autoantibody titer and insulin levels decreased within 5 months and there was no further development of hypoglycemic events. We present these cases with a review of the relevant literature.

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International Journal of Endocrinology.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
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Tugce Apaydın, Onur Elbasan, Dilek Gogas Yavuz
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Characterization of Incidentally Detected Adrenal Pheochromocytoma.: Ye An Kim, Yul Hwangbo, Min Joo Kim, Hyung Jin Choi, Je Hyun Seo, Yenna Lee, Soo Heun Kwak, Eu Jeong Ku, Tae Jung Oh, Eun Roh, Jae Hyun Bae, Jung Hee Kim, Kyoung Soo Park, Seong Yeon Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2012;27(2):132-137. Published online June 20, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2012.27.2.132

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BACKGROUND
In approach to an adrenal incidentaloma, early exclusion of pheochromocytoma is clinically important, due to the risk of catecholamine crisis. The aims of this study are to investigate the characteristics of incidentally detected pheochromocytomas, compared with that of the other adrenal incidentalomas, and to compare these characteristics with those of symptomatic pheochromocytomas. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of 198 patients with adrenal incidentaloma from 2001 to 2010. We analyzed the clinical, laboratory and radiological data of pheochromocytomas, in comparison with those of the other adrenal incidentalomas. We also compared the characteristics of these incidentally detected pheochromocytomas with the medical records of 28 pathologically proven pheochromocytomas, diagnosed based on typical symptoms. RESULTS: Among the 198 patients with adrenal incidentaloma, nineteen patients were diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytomas showed larger size and higher Hounsfield unit at precontrast computed tomography (CT) than did non-pheochromocytomas. All pheochromocytomas were larger than 2.0 cm, and the Hounsfield units were 19 or higher in precontrast CT. When both criteria of size > 2.0 cm and Hounsfield unit > 19 were met, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma were 100% and 79.3%, respectively. Compared with patients with pheochromocytoma, diagnosed based on typical symptoms, patients with incidentally detected pheochromocytoma were older, presented less often with hypertension, and showed lower levels of 24-hour urine metanephrine. CONCLUSION: Adrenal incidentaloma with < 2.0 cm in size or < or = 19 Hounsfield units in precontrast CT imaging was less likely to be a pheochromocytoma. Patients with incidentally discovered pheochromocytoma showed lower catecholamine metabolites, compared with those patients with symptomatic pheochromocytoma.

Citations

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Guidelines for the Management of Adrenal Incidentaloma: the Korean Endocrine Society, Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines
Jung-Min Lee, Mee Kyoung Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Jung-Min Koh, Bo-Yeon Kim, Sang-Wan Kim, Soo-Kyung Kim, Hae-Jin Kim, Ohk-Hyun Ryu, Juri Park, Jung-Soo Lim, Seong Yeon Kim, Young Kee Shong, Soon Jib Yoo
The Korean Journal of Medicine.2017; 92(1): 4. CrossRef
Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adrenal Incidentaloma
Jung-Min Lee, Mee Kyoung Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Jung-Min Koh, Bo-Yeon Kim, Sang Wan Kim, Soo-Kyung Kim, Hae Jin Kim, Ohk-Hyun Ryu, Juri Park, Jung Soo Lim, Seong Yeon Kim, Young Kee Shong, Soon Jib Yoo
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2017; 32(2): 200. CrossRef
Characterization of Incidentally Detected Adrenal Pheochromocytoma
Soon Jib Yoo, Woohyeon Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2012; 27(2): 116. CrossRef

Author index