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1Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The Medical City, Pasig, Philippines.
2Section of Gynecologic Ultrasound, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical City, Pasig, Philippines.
3Clinical and Translational Research Institute, The Medical City, Pasig, Philippines.
Copyright © 2019 Korean Endocrine Society
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
(1) Hyperprolactinemia, defined as a prolactin level above the TMC laboratory reference range (5.18 to 26.53 ng/mL). Although elevated prolactin levels have been reported in women with PCOS, hyperprolactinemia and PCOS should be treated as two distinct clinical entities. A study of 474 Taiwanese women reported that the average prolactin level in women with PCOS is not significantly different from that in healthy controls [13]. Hence, further investigation into other causes of hyperprolactinemia should be performed in all women with elevated prolactin levels.
(2) Thyroid disease, as measured by levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Subjects with elevated or low TSH based on the TMC laboratory range (0.35 to 4.94 µIU/mL) were recommended to undergo further work-up and were excluded from the study.
(3) Non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, as measured by early-morning basal 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP). Subjects with a level of >2 ng/mL (>6 nmol/L) were recommended to undergo further work-up and were excluded from the study.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS:
Study | Country | Population | Suggested mFG cut-off score |
---|---|---|---|
Karimah et al. (2016) [17] | Indonesia | 30 | ≥2 |
Li et al. (2012) [14] | China | 10,120 | ≥5a |
Kim et al. (2011) [18] | Korea | 1,010 | ≥6a |
Cheewadhanaraks et al. (2004) [19] | Thailand | 531 | ≥3a |