Fig. 1Z-scores of the hypoparathyroid patients. (A) Distribution of the Z-scores of hypoparathyroid patients. (B) Z-scores according to disease etiology. Symbols represent mean±SD. LS, lumbar spine; FN, femoral neck; TH, total hip.
Fig. 2Bone geometric parameters of the control subjects and hypoparathyroid patients. The values of the sex-, age-, and body mass index-matched control subjects are depicted as lines shown as mean±SD; those of the hypoparathyroid patients are shown as circles (postsurgical hypoparathyroidism) or cross (idiopathic hypoparathyroidism).
Table 1Baseline Characteristics of the Hypoparathyroid Population
Variable |
Hypoparathyroid patients (n=95) |
Postsurgical hypoparathyroidism (n=74) |
Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (n=21) |
P value |
Age, yr |
53.89±13.51 |
56.04±11.20 |
46.33±17.97 |
0.003 |
Sex, male/female |
20/75 |
13/61 |
7/14 |
0.106 |
Height, cm |
159.36±6.30 |
159.04±5.73 |
160.33±7.95 |
0.496 |
Weight, kg |
59.72±9.48 |
59.96±8.93 |
59.00±11.30 |
0.737 |
BMI, kg/m2
|
23.52±3.54 |
23.73±3.57 |
22.87±3.49 |
0.424 |
Disease duration, yr |
7.20±7.40 |
8.05±7.92 |
4.19±4.07 |
0.034 |
Calcium, mg/dL |
7.31±1.35 |
7.56±1.22 |
6.37±1.47 |
0.003 |
Phosphate, pg/mL |
4.81±1.14 |
4.75±1.13 |
5.03±1.15 |
0.351 |
BUN, mg/dL |
15.19±6.99 |
15.42±7.33 |
14.33±5.61 |
0.550 |
Cr, mg/dL |
1.38±5.19 |
1.54±5.84 |
0.82±0.21 |
0.594 |
Alkaline phosphatase, IU/L |
56.44±21.07 |
55.57±20.72 |
59.63±22.61 |
0.459 |
24-Hour urine calcium, mg/day |
166.09±123.76 |
159.66±126.39 |
186.16±121.00 |
0.606 |
PTH, pg/mL |
9.47±5.31 |
9.32±5.01 |
10.03±6.44 |
0.604 |
25-OH-vitamin D, ng/mL |
25.02±10.37 |
25.65±10.36 |
22.59±10.33 |
0.268 |
β-Cross laps, ng/mL |
0.24±0.18 |
0.27±0.18 |
0.15±0.15 |
0.042 |
Osteocalcin, ng/mL |
13.59±6.19 |
14.18±6.40 |
10.97±4.65 |
0.220 |
Calcium on treatment, mg |
1,063.40±688.04 |
1,033.07±753.42 |
1,154.40±446.31 |
0.559 |
Calcitriol on treatment, μg |
0.56±0.32 |
0.57±0.34 |
0.54±0.26 |
0.779 |
Cholecalciferol on treatment, IU |
1,733.33±1,149.05 |
1,806.45±1,197.20 |
1,527.27±1,024.78 |
0.496 |
Table 2Bone Geometric Parameters of Hypoparathyroid Patients and Controls
Variable |
Age, yr |
Femoral neck |
Intertrochanter |
Femoral shaft |
Hypoparathyroid patients |
Control |
Hypoparathyroid patients |
Control |
Hypoparathyroid patients |
Control |
CSA, cm2
|
30–39 |
2.94 (2.65–3.27)a
|
2.59 (2.50–2.85) |
5.56 (4.92–5.94) |
4.50 (4.07–5.20) |
3.76 (3.47–4.04) |
3.77 (3.53–4.09) |
40–49 |
2.99 (2.80–3.60) |
2.96 (2.84–3.07) |
5.40 (4.34–6.03) |
4.87 (4.10–5.10) |
3.90 (4.77–4.00) |
4.10 (3.82–4.55) |
50–59 |
2.59 (2.46–3.01) |
2.60 (2.47–2.94) |
4.74 (4.26–5.65) |
4.46 (4.03–5.17) |
3.61 (3.47–4.18) |
4.11 (3.91–4.38) |
60–69 |
3.17 (3.13–3.28) |
3.05 (2.50–3.17) |
4.55 (4.22–5.03)b
|
3.84 (3.17–4.09) |
3.80 (3.40–4.13) |
3.96 (3.59–4.19) |
70–79 |
2.59 (2.25–2.65)a
|
2.07 (1.80–2.25) |
4.26 (4.16–5.69)a
|
3.34 (2.68–3.71) |
3.19 (3.08–3.62) |
3.57 (3.20–3.96) |
CSMI, cm2
|
30–39 |
2.43 (2.24–2.59) |
2.11 (1.82–2.43) |
14.48 (11.19–16.21) |
10.09 (8.75–10.82) |
2.93 (2.59–3.27) |
2.47 (2.10–2.69) |
40–49 |
2.65 (2.37–3.28) |
2.85 (2.64–3.07) |
14.77 (11.48–19.06) |
10.52 (8.95–12.65) |
3.35 (2.79–4.02) |
3.01 (2.58–3.22) |
50–59 |
1.84 (1.71–2.18)a
|
2.47 (2.17–2.64) |
13.57 (12.78–14.71)a
|
11.21 (9.11–13.56) |
3.17 (2.96–3.49) |
2.87 (2.54–3.45) |
60–69 |
1.95 (1.73–2.38)c
|
2.99 (2.77–3.09) |
12.25 (11.58–14.90)c
|
10.44 (8.08–11.19) |
3.68 (2.60–4.07) |
3.28 (2.83–3.69) |
70–79 |
1.84 (1.81–2.03) |
1.56 (1.36–1.88) |
9.82 (9.73–16.53)a
|
7.50 (5.94–8.63) |
3.20 (3.12–3.23) |
2.68 (2.24–3.33) |
SM, cm3
|
30–39 |
1.40 (1.16–1.55) |
1.21 (1.13–1.42) |
4.56 (3.72–4.87) |
3.35 (2.79–3.73) |
2.02 (1.76–2.16) |
1.81 (1.61–1.97) |
40–49 |
1.54 (1.33–1.76) |
1.36 (1.30–1.51) |
4.55 (3.59–5.26) |
3.55 (3.10–4.05) |
2.13 (2.04–2.55) |
2.10 (1.88–2.22) |
50–59 |
1.35 (1.18–1.50) |
1.33 (1.24–1.47) |
4.40 (3.86–4.79) |
3.74 (3.23–4.35) |
2.11 (1.98–2.21) |
2.07 (1.86–2.28) |
60–69 |
1.14 (1.06–1.29) |
1.16 (0.95–1.27) |
3.90 (3.66–4.31)b
|
3.34 (2.69–3.56) |
2.23 (1.83–2.53) |
2.25 (1.92–2.39) |
70–79 |
1.10 (0.91–1.14) |
0.96 (0.80–1.03) |
3.18 (2.85–4.96)a
|
2.49 (1.97–2.94) |
2.09 (2.05–2.30) |
1.80 (1.55–2.23) |
C.th, cm |
30–39 |
0.21 (0.19–0.22)a
|
0.18 (0.16–0.20) |
0.49 (0.43–0.50) |
0.44 (0.39–0.45) |
0.49 (0.45–0.58) |
0.61 (0.57–0.68) |
40–49 |
0.19 (1.18–0.20) |
0.18 (0.15–0.20) |
0.42 (0.37–0.46) |
0.41 (0.34–0.45) |
0.50 (0.48–0.51)b
|
0.61 (0.55–0.73) |
50–59 |
0.16 (0.14–0.19) |
0.18 (0.15–0.19) |
0.41 (0.34–0.46) |
0.39 (0.33–0.45) |
0.49 (0.44–0.59)a
|
0.57 (0.55–0.64) |
60–69 |
0.17 (0.15–0.18)a
|
0.15 (0.13–0.16) |
0.37 (0.34–0.40)b
|
0.31 (0.25–0.33) |
0.47 (0.45–0.54) |
0.50 (0.45–0.56) |
70–79 |
0.17 (0.14–0.18)a
|
0.12 (0.11–0.14) |
0.35 (0.33–0.45)b
|
0.28 (0.23–0.30) |
0.46 (0.45–0.48) |
0.48 (0.44–0.54) |
BR |
30–39 |
7.70 (7.40–8.25)a
|
10.16 (8.86–11.54) |
6.45 (6.30–6.70) |
6.90 (6.05–8.02) |
3.10 (2.55–3.45) |
2.25 (1.89–2.46) |
40–49 |
9.15 (8.90–10.20) |
10.61 (8.77–12.37) |
8.10 (7.90–8.80) |
7.46 (5.87–8.93) |
3.20 (3.00–3.30)b
|
2.20 (1.97–2.68) |
50–59 |
9.25 (8.75–11.00) |
10.60 (8.60–11.97) |
8.15 (6.85–9.30) |
7.42 (6.64–9.44) |
3.00 (2.55–3.65)a
|
2.41 (2.20–2.70) |
60–69 |
9.75 (9.30–10.35)c
|
12.65 (11.60–14.10) |
9.05 (8.00–10.20) |
10.47 (9.39–12.18) |
3.20 (3.00–3.45) |
3.03 (2.65–3.40) |
70–79 |
11.80 (10.8–13.10) |
14.65 (12.88–15.39) |
9.70 (7.40–9.90)a
|
11.85 (9.74–13.31) |
3.40 (3.10–3.50) |
3.06 (2.73–3.17) |