Fig. 1Weight gain by age group in female thyroid cancer patients who underwent thyroid hormone withdrawal before radioactive iodine ablation therapy. The values were evaluated with the Tukey post hoc test for group differences. aP<0.01 for group differences, age ≤40 years versus age 51 to 55 years and age >55 years.
Table 1Comparison of Characteristics between Thyroid Cancer Patients and Patients with Nodules
Characteristic |
Control (n=350; M, 60; F, 290) |
Thyroid cancer (n=700; M, 120; F, 580) |
P value |
Age, yr |
|
|
|
All patients |
50.1±10.4 |
50.1±10.3 |
0.97 |
Male |
52.1±9.5 |
52.0±9.4 |
0.92 |
Female |
49.7±10.5 |
49.7±10.4 |
0.99 |
Weight, kg |
|
|
|
All patients |
60.2±10.3 |
61.3±10.1 |
0.11 |
Male |
72.8±9.0 |
73.8±10.1 |
0.53 |
Female |
57.7±8.5 |
58.7±7.9 |
0.06 |
BMI, kg/m2
|
|
|
|
All patients |
23.5±3.1 |
24.1±3.1 |
<0.01 |
Male |
25.4±2.6 |
25.6±2.7 |
0.69 |
Female |
23.1±3.1 |
23.8±3.2 |
<0.01 |
TSH, mU/L |
|
|
|
All patients |
1.91 (1.26-2.96) |
2.03 (1.32-3.03) |
0.40 |
Male |
1.92 (1.26-2.43) |
2.14 (1.36-2.86) |
0.08 |
Female |
1.91 (1.24-3.05) |
1.98 (1.32-3.11) |
0.80 |
Table 2Changes in Measurements after Total Thyroidectomy in Patients with Thyroid Cancer
Variable |
Baseline |
1-2 Years |
3-4 Years |
After total thyroidectomy |
P value |
After total thyroidectomy |
P value |
Weight, kg |
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
61.3±10.1 |
61.6±10.4 |
<0.01 |
61.8±10.2 |
<0.01a
|
Male |
73.8±10.1 |
74.3±10.6 |
0.04 |
74.0±10.0 |
0.08 |
Female |
58.7±7.9 |
59.1±8.2 |
<0.01 |
59.1±8.0 |
0.01 |
BMI, kg/m2
|
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
24.1±3.2 |
24.3±3.3 |
<0.01 |
24.2±3.2 |
<0.01a
|
Male |
25.6±2.7 |
25.8±2.9 |
0.04 |
25.7±2.9 |
0.07 |
Female |
23.8±3.2 |
23.9±3.3 |
0.01 |
23.9±3.1 |
<0.01 |
TSH, mU/L |
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
2.03 (1.32-3.03) |
0.03 (0.01-0.15) |
<0.01 |
0.07 (0.01-0.44) |
<0.01b
|
Male |
2.14 (1.36-2.86) |
0.04 (0.01-0.30) |
<0.01 |
0.10 (0.01-0.94) |
<0.01 |
Female |
1.98 (1.32-3.11) |
0.02 (0.01-0.14) |
<0.01 |
0.06 (0.01-0.36) |
<0.01 |
T3, nmol/L |
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
1.63 (1.43-1.8) |
1.69 (1.49-1.97) |
<0.01 |
1.47 (1.32-1.63) |
<0.01b
|
Male |
1.62 (1.43-1.82) |
1.69 (1.45-1.97) |
<0.01 |
1.46 (1.31-1.66) |
<0.01 |
Female |
1.63 (1.43-1.8) |
1.69 (1.51-1.96) |
<0.01 |
1.47 (1.32-1.63) |
<0.01 |
Table 3Comparison of Weight and Body Mass Index Change between Groups
Variable |
Control (n=350; M, 60; F, 290) |
Thyroid cancer (n=700; M, 120; F, 580) |
P value |
Weight change, kg |
|
|
|
1-2 Years |
|
|
|
All patients |
0.1±1.9 |
0.4±2.5 |
0.04 |
Male |
0.3±2.2 |
0.6±2.9 |
0.57 |
Female |
0.0±1.9 |
0.4±2.5 |
0.04 |
3-4 Years |
|
|
|
All patients |
0.0±2.6 |
0.5±3.1 |
0.01 |
Male |
0.0±3.1 |
0.6±3.4 |
0.33 |
Female |
0.0±2.5 |
0.5±3.0 |
0.03 |
BMI change, kg/m2
|
|
|
|
1-2 Years |
0.0±0.8 |
0.2±1.0 |
0.05 |
All patients |
0.1±0.8 |
0.2±1.0 |
0.70 |
Male |
0.0±0.7 |
0.1±1.0 |
0.05 |
Female |
|
|
|
3-4 Years |
|
|
|
All patients |
0.0±1.0 |
0.2±1.2 |
0.02 |
Male |
0.0±1.1 |
0.2±1.2 |
0.31 |
Female |
0.0±1.0 |
0.2±1.2 |
0.04 |
Table 4Changes in Weight and Body Mass Index after Total Thyroidectomy in Patients with Thyroid Cancer, according to Radioactive Iodine Ablation Therapy Preparation Method
Variable |
Baseline |
1-2 Years |
3-4 Years |
After total thyroidectomy |
P valuea
|
After total thyroidectomy |
P valuea
|
Weight, kg |
|
|
|
|
|
THW (n=506) |
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
61.3±10.2 |
61.6±10.5 |
<0.01 |
62.0±1.5 |
<0.01 |
Male |
74.0±10.5 |
74.3±10.8 |
0.26 |
74.8±10.4 |
0.17 |
Female |
58.7±8.0 |
59.1±8.4 |
<0.01 |
59.2±8.1 |
<0.01 |
rhTSH (n=104) |
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
60.9±8.9 |
60.9±9.0 |
0.91 |
60.9±8.8 |
0.55 |
Male |
72.5±6.7 |
72.7±7.6 |
0.74 |
71.5±7.3 |
0.58 |
Female |
58.1±6.9 |
58.0±6.8 |
0.96 |
57.8±6.6 |
0.71 |
BMI, kg/m2
|
|
|
|
|
|
THW (n=506) |
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
24.2±3.2 |
24.3±3.3 |
<0.01 |
24.4±3.2 |
<0.01 |
Male |
25.7±2.8 |
25.9±3.0 |
0.28 |
26.0±2.9 |
0.15 |
Female |
23.8±3.2 |
24.0±3.3 |
<0.01 |
24.0±3.1 |
<0.01 |
rhTSH (n=104) |
|
|
|
|
|
All patients |
23.6±2.9 |
23.6±3.0 |
0.95 |
23.4±2.8 |
0.64 |
Male |
24.9±2.2 |
24.9±2.4 |
0.76 |
24.7±2.6 |
0.55 |
Female |
23.3±3.0 |
23.3±2.9 |
0.85 |
23.1±2.7 |
0.83 |
Table 5Variables Associated with Weight Gain in Patients with Thyroid Cancer, 3 to 4 Years after Thyroidectomy
Variable |
Group |
P valuea
|
A: no weight gain (n=113) |
B: weight gain <5% of baseline weight (n=452) |
C: weight gain >5% of baseline weight (n=135) |
Female patients |
99 (17) |
366 (63) |
115 (20) |
|
Age at surgery, yr |
49.1±11.1 |
50.6±10.1 |
47.2±10.7 |
B/Cb, A/B, and A/C-NS |
RAI, % |
81.9 |
87.4 |
87.8 |
0.9 |
THW |
81.4 |
85 |
81.2 |
rhTSH |
18.6 |
15 |
18.8 |
3-4 Years TSH, mU/L |
0.01 (0.01-0.07) |
0.05 (0.01-0.32) |
0.09 (0.01-0.80) |
A/Bb, A/Cb, and B/C-NS |
3-4 Years T3, nmol/L |
1.6 (1.48-1.75) |
1.48 (1.33-1.63) |
1.42 (1.31-1.62) |
0.49 |
Male patients |
14 (12) |
86 (72) |
20 (16) |
|
Age at surgery, yr |
54.4±11.4 |
52.9±8.7 |
45.9±9.0 |
A/Cc, B/Cb, and A/B-NS |
RAI, % |
78.5 |
89.5 |
100 |
0.71 |
THW |
72.7 |
80.5 |
80 |
rhTSH |
27.3 |
19.5 |
20 |
3-4 Years TSH, mU/L |
0.01 (0.01-0.03) |
0.10 (0.02-0.88) |
0.06 (0.01-0.85) |
0.08 |
3-4 Years T3, nmol/L |
1.56 (1.49-1.71) |
1.46 (1.31-1.59) |
1.5 (1.25-1.76) |
0.24 |